The zvomudumbu nyika shiri. The womukati maumbirwo shiri

Chinonyanya kukosha zvinhu kuuya basa, kuchinja uye excretion pamusoro undigested vasara kubva muviri anoita zvomudumbu hurongwa. Shiri, mhuka dziri dzakashandisa kutiza, vane zvimwe zvaidiwa womukati mamiriro. Vari anonyanya kuitirwa kuti kuderedza uremu hwavo. Zvomudumbu maitiro - hapana anosara.

The zvomudumbu maitiro emhuka

chordates All, izvo zvinosanganisira shiri, vane yakafanana nemamiriro zvomudumbu hurongwa. Kuchitanga dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango. Uyezve, kuburikidza pharynx zvokudya anopinda yegurokuro - the chubhu inotisvitsa mudumbu. chikamu ichi zvomudumbu hurongwa chiri kuwedzera, umo zvokudya zvakanaka yakareba. Kwokupedzisira Absorção de Água muviri kumbowanikwa ari ura diki, uye excretion pamusoro undigested zvokudya vakasara anoita kwokupedzisira turakiti. Inonzi guru ura, akazarura panze cloaca kana horo.

Zviratidzo zvomudumbu ezvinhu shiri dziri pamberi goiter - kuwedzera yegurokuro uye kuderedza kureba ura. Izvi STRUCTURAL zvinhu zvinobatsira kuti uwane ndichibvunza kugaya uye kuderedza uremu shiri.

The chete zvinogona kutaurwa nemamwe nenhengo dzawo?

The womukati maumbirwo shiri (Table).

Body hurongwa	STRUCTURAL zvinhu
kufema	Vakapa kufema turakiti (mhino, huro, trachea, principales), mapapu uye mhepo SACS
kweropa	Four-chambered mwoyo (mbiri atria maviri ventricles) uye namahwindo mamiriro midziyo ropa. Shiri mbiri kuparadzirwa: huru neduku. Nokuda venous uye arterial ropa hazvirevi kusanganisa, uye shiri imhuka inodziya-ropa rechiJudha chairo. Saka, avo tembiricha muviri yakazvimirira ambient tembiricha.
excretory	Inoitwa aiwanzopiwa wokushanda itsvo ureter, izvo ducts yakazaruka muruoko cloaca.
huta	Brain uye musana, umo madhipatimendi chinonyanya dzakabudirira cerebellum.
pabonde	Shiri - dioecious mhuka. Dzokubereka nadzo aimiririra gonads: testes vari varume nevakadzi unpaired ovary, iro anoshumirawo somutariri zvimiso yokuderedza kwavo uremu.

The yehuku chikafu

Kuti mamiriro, ine zvomudumbu ezvinhu reshiri, mamiriro ayo uye kusiyana, pakutanga kwezvose, nokuda hunhu chikafu. City vanogara Tidzidze tumbuyu, mbeu uye zvasara zvokudya kwevanhu.

Ravirai zvaunofarira shiri dziri zvakasiyana-siyana. Yegungwa kunwa munyu mvura, inonzwika apo nawo ndimbo.

Chepfu shiri flycatcher kuri kukonzerwa Features zvokudya zvakadaro. Inoshandisa zvipembenene. uturu yavo ganda uye minhenga. Kunyange zvazvo flytrap ane yakatsiga kutapata wayo chiito. Munhu anogona kupinda kupisa pamusoro payo. Asi mhuka shoma kufa zvinokonzerwa zvinokachidza flycatchers.

Birds kuti kurarama dzesango, ukapedza rinonaka michero, vertebrates diki uye kunyange zvakaora. Kuti vaite izvi, vane zvose zvokushandisa.

muromo

Shiri havana kwemeno. Asi ivo kutsungirira rakaoma nzungu, uye mbeu duku nyore. Zvechokwadi, pakutanga kushanda kwemeno ndiye muromo. Achibatsirwa shiri yakapwanyika, kupwanya kana kuputsa chikafu. Muromo hornlike rine zvinhu yakasimba inokwanisa withstanding munhu zvakakwana yakakwirira uremu uye refu zvinorema. Somuenzaniso, matanda ringaitwa ari Woodpecker omuti buri 10 masendimita kudya zvipembenene mazana zvakadzama.

The chimiro uye kukura muromo anoenderana chii shiri kudya.

Somuenzaniso, zvikara vane guru curved muromo, iro nyore kubata uchatumbura akuvara. Rukodzi runonzi inorwisa kunyange makava makuru uye pamapere. Forest shiri kuti motora zvipembenene omuti, sezvinoita mbezo, kuti maburi mairi.

Zvinobatsira kuunganidza zvokudya uye mutauro, iri nemumuromo mhango. It anonyanya horny papillae, izvo kuramba zvokudya pamuromo.

The zvomudumbu gadziriro kweshiri kuramba pharynx, achibatsirwa iyo watopiwa omei kupatsanurwa zvokudya chinokambaira penzira.

Yegurokuro uye chirimwa

Yegurokuro shiri ane kujairika marongerwo. Izvi haisi chubhu unoenda mudumbu. Anoumba kuwedzerwa mazuva okubhadhara yainzi goiter. Izvi ndizvo apo zvokudya yakanonoka imwe nguva uye mishonga zvakaipa kushandisa mate. A yegungwa nekondo uye Kutamiswa iri chirimwa pakati kako kufudza dzichifura nzvimbo dendere.

Chii reshiri mukaka

Zita ichi chinonaka dhizeti inozivikanwa zvose kubva pauduku. Yakasvika zita rayo kubva akafanana nenhumbi kuti anokwanisa kusunungura chete shiri.

Vamwe shiri unyanzvi hwakasiyana mumasero kutanha inotonhorera frothy guru aumba. chigadzirwa ichi zvinokosha vanoshandisa kuti fledging.

Bird mukaka une chokuita nemhuka mukaka. Hakusi mvura, asi akafanana creamed yokurenda chizi. Asi naiyewo rine zvikuru Organic zvinhu uye mavhitaminzi anogona kupa muviri zvose zvakafanira achangozvarwa.

Penguins mukaka reshiri anogadzirwa mudumbu uye kwete yegurokuro, chinonyanya akapfuma kwemafuta. fuma iyi kunokosha kuti kukura kako kuchamhembe ezvinhu anorwadza. Uye PENGUIN mukuru vanoshandisa mafuta muviri hakusi chete adziyirwe muviri, asi somunhu zvokudya uye simba. Vysizhivaya nhiyo mishomanana, vanhurume usabva panzvimbo masonry. In mamiriro ichi, havana havatomborina kuwana zvokudya uye kuramba simba nemhaka subcutaneous mumatanda.

Zvakakurukurwa sechivako mudumbu shiri

Dumbu shiri anewo unhu zvinhu. Inoitwa zvikamu zviviri.

Mudumbu anonzi glandular uye tsandanyama. Chokutanga kupatsanurwa zvokudya gastric muto, i.e. pano mberi kwayo namakemikari kurapwa. Muscular kadhi pamusoro akafuka anoonekwa keratinous zvinhu. With payo, zvokudya zvakohwewa kuti slurry-kufanana nehurumende.

Ndine chokwadi zhinji ndaona seshiri Peck hurungudo diki. Vanoita izvi kwete nokuti havazivi kuravira kwavo. Kamwe ari ura, tsandanyama, matombo inobatsira kuti zvokuimba nokugeda kuti roughage. Saka, nemichina nokusavapo mazino mune shiri.

ura

Kupatsanurwa zvokudya kubva mudumbu anopinda ura duku, umo akazaruka ducts pamusoro nerwatata. Muchikamu ichi zvomudumbu ezvinhu zvokudya zvakakwana ozeyewa uye wefodya unopinda muropa.

Kunze ura anovhura cloaca. Zviri buri kuburikidza izvo kunze goho undigested zvokudya zvinogadzirwa pabonde inoshanda uye excretory nehurongwa.

intestinal Chimiro chinhu chiri kwayo duku kureba. Zvinoenderana pamusoro pemhando chikafu. Somuenzaniso, shiri kuti vanosarudza miriwo zvokudya, ura yakareba kupfuura muviri 8 nguva. Uye vamiriri insectivorous shiri - 4 chete.

Nenzira, kupfuura voracious vaiona seshiri - Mudziviriri duku hukuru. You wafungidzira? Eya, Chokwadi, ari hummingbird. Pazuva iye anokwanisa kushandisa mukume, rairema muna 2 nguva yayo uremu.

A wren nokuti zuva rimwe kuunza kako kuti 500 makonye nezvipembenene. Ndizvo Nzara!

Zvino magora - the vakundi pakati pezvisikwa kupfuura nemakaro uye makaro. With yakawanda zvavanodya nezvizhinji, saka kuti hazvitomboiti kubvisa. Magora dambudziko riri kugadziriswa dzinongoitika nzira: kumirira mukanyiwa muviri kunodzikira.

Yehuku kugaya zvokudya nokukurumidza, vakakurumidza nokuisa ari bowel. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza uremu hwavo uye kupa muviri zvinodiwa huwandu simba. Normal shiri nomupedzachose kukwanisa kugaya kwemaminitsi 15, uye tsanga - 3 paawa. Ndokusaka vakawanda hwake shiri vanopedza dzichitsvaka zvokudya.

zvomudumbu shwanu

Mate, rwatata uye chiropa - pano ndiwo mazita Inosanganisa omumuviri, vari shiri. Ivo secrete pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu - makemikari. Ivo mhanyisa chirongwa kugaya, anotsemura zvakaoma makabhohaidhiretsi kuti monosaccharides, mapuroteni kuti amino acids, lipids kuti glycerol uye mafuta acids. In chimiro ichi makemikari nyaya inogona kufananidzwa ne muviri.

Kunyanya neshiri zvomudumbu muitiro

The womukati maumbirwo shiri (tafura akurukurwa munyaya) kunoratidza kuti zvose zvaidiwa anatomical sangano ravo zvainanga kwadzakabva kutiza. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune zvomudumbu hurongwa nhengo.

Panzvimbo pamatama uye miromo shiri vane muromo, iyo kudzora kubatwa uye chengetedzo zvokudya. The zvokuudzwa mhango ndiye mukanwa rakaoma. Vakafukidza mucosa, iro basa chairo cône serin'i papillae. Uchibatsirwa kwavo, zvokudya kunoita kupinda yegurokuro. Kuti zvokudya hazvingatisvitsi kuwira nasal mhango, palatine mutswe kuita kare nebnochelyustnye tsandanyama.

Mudumbu, mabasa akasiyana mashandiro, kukurudzira ndichibvunza kubudiswa chikafu. The ura rinoumbwa mapoka maviri - zviduku.

Reshiri zvomudumbu hurongwa rinopa ose dzinotsanagura upenyu shiri. A chinoratidza mamiriro ayo obuslovlovlivayut Kukwanisa mhuka idzi zvinoshamisa kubhururuka.