Sezvo akaumba zvakasikwa namaparera. How maparera vari kukohwewa

Pearl - chipo gungwa, inomiririra kuvimbika, chokwadi, rudo. Izvi zvinhu Organic, aikoshesa rose.

Legends uye nyaya

About sei maparera vari kuumbwa, vanhu vaifunga kubva kare. Chimwe chezvinhu yakanaka ngano inoti kuti yaiva yakanaka nymph misodzi, kuchema rudo uye mhuri. Vanoti zvakaitika kuti musikana mukuru wakaburuka kubva kudenga, primanennaya mugungwa, uye akazosangana jaya, mubati wehove kuti zvinoshamisa runako. Nguva nenguva, achiburuka kubva kudenga, iye akacherechedza jaya anoshanda nesimba, uye pakupedzisira noushingi kutaura naye. Nymph akadzidza kuti jaya hove zuva nezuva kuti kurapa mai vake.

murandakadzi Lovely tatadza murombo akaita saizvozvo kugadzirwa ari kuwedzera zuva nezuva. Nokufamba kwenguva, amai vangu vakaenda kunatsiridza, uye jaya akapa musikana ave mukadzi wake. Adanane ine nymph wehove akapa dzavo mvumo, uye vaigara vachifara. Nokufamba kwenguva, vaviri kunyange aiva mwanakomana. Asi vamwari panyika kushanyira zvakanaka zvomuchadenga mugari uye wake varangwe, mubishi shongwe. Sezvo maparera vari aumba? Misodzi mhandara run mugungwa inogarwa molluscs dzavo anoshongwa vari marozari kukuru.

Ukoshi kubva kare

Hazvizivikanwi pakutanga kana maparera akava akakurumbira uye ipapo kukwira yezvechitendero, kana kuti vakomana chaitika, asi munguva yekare neGirisi uye Roma semanekiresi mugungwa pfuma aikoshesa zvikuru kwazvo. Kuziva ngano sezvo aumba maparera, vanhu vaiona izvozvo chiratidzo hwevakaroorana hwemafaro uye kuvimbika.

Nguva yakafamba, uye kukurumbira maparera asi chete akakura. KuMiddle Ages muchato mwenga yakaendeswa kuitawo izvozvo gungwa zvipo. Kuratidza rudo rwake nokuda musikana, vechiduku vanhu ndokuteerera akashongedzwa nemaparera mhete. Izvi kwainzi chakavimbika kupfuura chiratidzo tinoda upenyu, uye kunyange mhiko yokuvimbika.

kuzivikanwa pasi pose

Legends sei maparera vari kuumbwa, sezvaakanga zvikuru, sei vanhu vakawanda vanogara panyika. Munzvimbo dzose apo yekare kare anozivikanwa kugadzirwa kukosha ichi, vane nyaya dzavo nezvemavambo pfuma zvikuru vane mwero nevamwe.

Kwenguva refu runako chipo gungwa rinopembererwa mune nhetembo avanhu vose. "Pearls" mumitauro yakawanda, mukuwirirana namashoko "Dzidzisai", "nemamwe." Pachivanhu rakundwa kuenzanisa runako zvechikadzi runako regungwa pfuma.

Unoda kuziva zvakawanda pamusoro maparera mumabhuku? Nyatsoteerera nhetembo:

• Japanese;
• Chinese;
• Persian;
• Byzantine;
• Roman.

Uye chii tichasimbiswawo nesayenzi?

Kana isu kutendeukira kune masayendisiti nemashoko mubvunzo: "Pearl achiumbwa se" unogona kuona kuti zvinoitika kwetunhu imwe karusiyamu carbonate, dzakakurumbira aizivikanwa nacre. Uyezve, sezvo chikamu bead ikoko conchiolin, kuridza basa horny fuma.

Kana clam goko vamwe yokumwe chinhu, maparera kuonekwa pamusoro nguva. Sei akaumba pfuma? Dzemugungwa anonzwa kuti mu "musha" ake ngapaonekwe wokumwe muviri. Izvi zvinogona kuva:

• tsanga jecha;
• dukutu;
• chimedu deko.

The muviri anoedza kubvisa chinhu ichi kubva nzvimbo mupenyu, umo muviri murima mai neparera. Nemakemikari akaita kunoitika mumuviri uye anoumba chindori.

Ndiani, sei, chii?

Nechekare zvinozivikanwa kuti chimiro maparera vari mazana akasiyana vagari zvomumvura uye yakachena mvura. Chinhu mugariro - pamberi goko. Zvisinei, marozari yakabereka gogonera: kwazvo vose chimiro uye ruvara. The klassiske Shanduro - ndiwo zvishoma "powdery" kuenda pfumbu. Kunze kwake, gungwa anopa vanhu parera:

• pingi;
• zvitema;
• goridhe;
• dema;
• nendarira;
• greenish.

Sezvo maparera yakaumbwa muna goko nokupesvedzera zvakapoteredza features, kureva makemikari anoumba mvura umo dzemugungwa vakararama uye anosarudza coloring pfuma. Uyezve, ekushandiswa mollusc mhando vave dzinoratidzwa siyana marudzi akasiyana munyu pamusoro yeimwe pamuviri.

Kubvira kare, kuti maparera zvinokosha zviri zvikaramba mu mvura Persian Gulf paizvozvo vanhu kuti creamy-chena uye rwepingi namaparera.

Anokosha zvomumvura pfuma kuti vanobviswa kubva mvura pedyo;

• Madagascar;
• South America;
• Philippines;
• Myanmar;
• zviwi Pacific uye archipelagos.

Zviri zvoga?

Imwe Vagadziri pakukura zvomumvura Gift mazuva ano - Japan. Zvinoshamisa, munyika ino ine minda shoma, asi vanhu veko kuumba nzira dzinoverengeka kubata parera kurimwa.

Kune Mamiriro ezvinhu sezvo pedyo dzinongoitika. In ichi simulated noruzhinji mhuka pezvakaitwa. Sezvo mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro maparera yakabereka takasununguka, aikoshesa zvikuru kwazvo.

rwokugadzira unhu

Taura nezvokuti maparera vari yakaumbwa muna goko, pikicha wakatorwa nemuGungwa uye anokosha nembesa kurimwa.

The zvichiguma marozari yakava unhu:

• pokuoma - Mohs 2.5-4.5;
• Density - 2,7 g / masendimita ^3.

Special pamusoro kurapwa kunodiwa.

Pearl anorarama nehafu kana mazana matatu. The kunyanya nguva zvichienderana mavambo. Organic nyaya pashure emakore anorasikirwa mwando, zvichikonzera kushongedzwa kusvibisa exfoliates, kudzikisirana pezvakaitwa kutanga.

To maparera vakararama nguva refu, zvakakodzera kuti kuchengetwa;

• harifaniri kuchengetwa nenzira nyorovera, nzvimbo yakaoma;
• zvisingagamuchirwi kugarotamba zvakananga chezuva;
• fogged nemvura munyu;
• pane zviratidzo kuparadza yokutanga Eteri, potassium carbonate.

ngano ano

Pasinei chokwadi kuti vanhu vagara vachizviziva sezvo parera achiumbwa zvakasikwa, uye kusvikira nhasi pane zvinotendwa chokuita izvi. Ndivo akasimba pachitsuwa, vanogara tichiregeredza siyana neparera.

In Borneo, vanhu vanofunga kuti repfumbamwe chindori ane rakasiyana chinhu - inobereka akafanana pachavo. Saka veko kutora mudziyo duku, riri akapeta maparera, vachisanganisa nokuripisa mupunga - mbeu maviri zvomumvura chipo chimwe nechimwe, uye ipapo vakamirira pfuma zvichava zvakawanda.

Maparera uye yakakwirira rwokugadzira

Sezvo vanhu afunga kuti maparera vari kuumbwa dzemugungwa, izvozvo vakakwanisa kuvaka fekitari nekuda kurima zvomumvura pfuma. Iye zvino yava kurimwa marozari kusangana kakawanda.

Kurimwa yagadzirwa muna 1896, asi ipapo muitiro pakarepo patented. Munyori pfungwa - Japanese Kohiki Mikimoto. Kuti chikuru chiwanikwa, ivo vakatanga vakwira kuisa clams ari goko bead, izvo akabvisa makore mashoma kare akura, akanaka, maparera makuru.

Zvaakanga adzidza sezvo dzinongoitika maparera vakaumba tega dzakasiyana wandei chakagadzirwa analogues. Zvisinei, pakunaka kwayo, ivo ungaenzaniswa ne zvomugungwa. Kazhinji, hwaro girazi, yakashongedzwa parera upfu kana yakafukidzwa nhete paiva nacre. Kuti tinzwisise zviri pamberi penyu, isa kuedza: kukanda dombo chinhu ndege. Natural parera gwa yakakwirira uye akafanana bhora, uye hazvizivi - kwete.

Chimwe nzira kupatsanurwa nyepera maparera kubva dzinongoitika Rova zvakasimba chigadzirwa pamusoro mazino. Kana uchifunga kuti pose pane ine, ndiko dzinongoitika zvinhu. Asi maindasitiri simulation anoibata zvachose pachaenzaniswa.

zvinonakidza

Pane mumwe pakati chicherwa anokosha, izvo harufaniri kupatsanurwa chete. Ichi - dzinongoitika parera. Sezvo parera aumbwa inorondedzerwa kumusoro. Mupepa iri kwacho uye zvakaguma runako kwakadaro, kumeso, chipo wearable gungwa pakarepo namarudzi kugadzirwa.

Sezvo vanochera matongo vanoti maparera aiva wokutanga anokosha zvinhu, munhu hanya nokuda kworunako kwayo.

Kushandiswa neparera Chinese tega mazana 42 apfuura. Mined mu China pfuma akashandiswa:

• sezvo zvishongo;
• sezvo mari;
• kuratidza munzanga.

Haidereri inoremekedzwa maparera muIjipiti uye Mesopotamia. Yakashongedzwa pachavo zvikaramba kubva mugungwa mafungu fuma Semiramis, Cleopatra. Vanotaura vanoti muEgipita runako kamwe nharo Mark Antony, kuti kugumisa parera waini uye vakanwa chinwiwa.

Chimwe nhoroondo yechiitiko rinokosha rine chokuita pearling kunotevera. Apo Alexander Mukuru akanga achienda kubata India, mazano vanokurudzira iye kutanga Socotra, aizivikanwa mumazuva iwayo, kugadzirwa zvomumvura noukomba. Guru murwi yakarohwa nokunaka parera, kunyanya yakaisvonaka wemishonga vatema, chena uye rwepingi mavara. Kubvira ipapo, akatanga kuunganidza hungiso maparera kuti nokukurumidza kwavatapwa nezvimwe vanokudzwa uye akapfuma. Ichi chido nokuti chiwanikwa yakaungana asingadi simba uye nhasi.

Maparera uye vatongi

Aikoshesa dzinongoitika yakasiyana chaizvo namaparera. Sezvo aumbwa (mufananidzo zvikaramba kubva mumvura, kubvumira kuiona) yakadaro akapfuma siyana zvishongo mumwe chete mhando mbishi zvinhu? Chakavanzika ndechokuti kunoita vanhu vakasiyana siyana marozari. Pane yemarudzi kupatsanura chinosiyanisa:

• mabhatani;
• ovals;
• peya-zvakaumbwa;
• idenderedzwa;
• kumativi;
• Semi-tenderera;
• teardrop-zvakaumbwa;
• maparera kwemashifiti chimiro.

Sezvo zvipo gungwa munogara kukosheswa zvikuru kwazvo, vari rakagara richidudzirwa kushandiswa vashongedze madhirezi vakadzi vamachinda ropa roumambo. Somuenzaniso, pakubhapatidzwa Louis XIII Mariya Medichi akanga akapfeka ari rokwe yakashongedzwa 30.000 namaparera.

Asi dema parera kutanga vokuEurope akaona chete XV remakore. Izvi zvakaitika nemhaka Hernando Cortés. Mazana emakore gare gare, takakwanisa kuwana kwakabva kwemarudzi ichi nemhenderekedzo North America, Gulf California. Kunonyanya kukonzerwa ichi, uye yakatumbuka guta La Paz, kusvikira nhasi anonzi dzakawanda pakati Black Pearl.

Asi Queen Elizabeth ndaionga kunyanya maparera kubva China. Iye inoshongedza anozvishongedza shinda akawanda panguva kamwe, uye nhamba chete kumativi pamitsipa mutongi anogona kuonekwa kusvika chiuru anokosha marozari.

Spanish mutongi Philip II aiva parera inonzi "Rukodzi runonzi." Iye achizivikanwa connoisseurs munguva yedu. Jewel inopfuura paruoko kuisa. It yavo:

• Napoleon III;
• Mary Tudor;
• Elizabeth Taylor.

Zvakange yokupedzisira kuedza "Rukodzi runonzi" kwava nechepakati vanzwe hwomutambarakede zvishongo kuti jewelers akasikwa "mepu."

anozivikanwa anokosha

Specificity nezvekwakabva maparera akadaro kuti Fusion anoverengeka marozari mune munhu apo neapo. Kana varedzi wabvisa gungwa pfuma, inobereka iri furor pakati vachivakuza. Mumwe kunozivikanwa maparera, zvinosanganisira akawanda panguva kamwe, yainzi "Great Southern Cross." Inoitwa pfumbamwe nhengo.

Chimwe rinozivikanwa zita - "muPalawan Princess". It yakaumbwa muna dzemugungwa clams. Weight zvomumvura pfuma - 2.3 makirogiramu. The bead dhayamita iri masendimita kupfuura 15. Chipo ichi zvomumvura akaiswa kumusoro kutengeswa sezvo chikamu Bonhams okisheni muLos Angeles, vakarongwa maererano Museum of Natural History.

Asi zvikuru zvinodhura chindori -. Imwe "Regent" Anotarisa kufanana zai uye ari waizopiwa mhuri Bonapartes. History anotiudza kuti parera chakatengwa sechipo Marii Luizy, razova mune mudzimai yemberi mambo racho. The kutengeserana yakapera muna 1811. Ipapo akawira gungwa pfuma Faberge muunganidzwa Raichengetwa St. Petersburg. Panguva okisheni muna 2005 imwe kwazvo chindori kutengeswa $ mamiriyoni 2,5 kusvika muridzi itsva.

The kupfuura mined panyika kubva pagungwa rakadzika pafuma yainzi "Pearl of Allah". Place chakangomuka - kuPhilippines. Weight - 6,35 makirogiramu uye dhayamita pamusoro 23.8 masendimita Kukosha -. 32.000 carats. Pearl akapinda muna Guinness Book of Records.

Tahitian maparera

Vose Mhando cultured maparera Papera zvose akasikwa dema muchiTahiti. Nokuti ayo kugadzirwa vari akura dzemugungwa Pinctada margaritifera. Nhasi zvinoberekwa zvinenge izvi dema pfuma - chete anozivikanwa dzinongoitika kutarira. Chero vamwe marozari - kupendwa.

Muratidze Tahitian maparera - Kuwedzera. Ukuwo, chete chikamu chiduku zvomugungwa anokwanisa kusika munhu parera. Mumwe ngaave akasiyana, akasiyana nevamwe. Kunyanya nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakafanira aikoshesa zvemaoresa pamusoro dema Tahitian maparera, nokuti muitiro kushanda naye rakaoma uye kunoda unyanzvi, nguva uye kushanda nesimba. Jewelers sarudza yakakodzera parera vemazana uye zviuru marozari, akasikwa mollusks.