Oligosaccharides - chii ichi? Mabasa uye Features

Oligosaccharides - rudzi polymeric makabhohaidhiretsi vane mamorekuru zvine shoma monosaccharide sezvo nengetani. Nokuti muviri womunhu uye basa rinokosha kuumba hwakanaka intestinal kasvisto. Nezvezvokudya dana ichi muitiro "prebiotic chaizvoizvo", nekuti nemhaka dzinokosha mashandiro anoita oligosaccharides vari ura anowedzera nezvebasa bifidobacteria uye lactic asidhi utachiona. Kudya zvokudya yakapfuma makabhohaidhiretsi izvi, kunomutsa kukura dzimwe mhando mabhakitiriya anobatsira uye zvigare.

Vakazvimiririra kubereka zvinovaka muviri izvi zvinokosha muviri, zvinosuruvarisa haagoni. Saka kuti tirambe utano, akanaka uye anofara, unofanira kuomerera kudya zvizere kuti rine zvose boka makabhohaidhiretsi.

Mabasa uye zvakanakira oligosaccharides kuti muviri womunhu

Kunobatsira tusingaoneki vanogara masvingo muura uye kuti pave pane microflora utano kune zvisingatomboiti kuvapo zvinokosha kuva nechokwadi oligosaccharides aripo yevanhu kudya. Ichi chinhu unobatsira chaizvo uye zvakakodzera kuti uzere munhu upenyu zvinhu. Kwakadaro zvinhu zviri zvishoma yakaviriswa ne dzakananga intestinal utachiona kuti zvinopa microbiocenosis utano zvomudumbu turakiti. Izvi Mishonga yeimwe ndiwo anonzi prebiotics.

Rwakakwana yaunodya pamusoro makabhohaidhiretsi

Kukosha oligosaccharides kuparadzwa ndiko pachena: dhefisiti mune zvakanaka dzevanhu disaccharide kunotungamirira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana uye pathologies kwete chete nemudumbu, asiwo yose muviri. Carbohydrate yaunodya anodiwa dzose kushanda muuropi uye tsandanyama. With kukwana yaunodya pamusoro yeimwe ava muviri kune kukanganisa mapuroteni uye mafuta muviri, uye ropa kutanga kuunganidza inokuvadza oxidation zvibereko amino- uye mafuta acids.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinowanikwa oligosaccharides - prebiotics?

Zvakasikwa, zvinhu izvi akawanda zvinowanikwa miti yakawanda, michero nemiriwo kuti isu panezvisina zvokudya zvavo - miriwo, uchi, maapuro, mabhanana, makabheji, girobhu racho hanyanisi, gariki uye mamwe marudzi zvirimwa. Yakawanda oligosaccharides inowanikwa mukaka uye lactic asidhi zvigadzirwa. A mari yakakwana aripo akasiyana zviyo, bhinzi, Sou bhinzi uye zviyo. Kakawanda vari wakazopinzwa chaiwo Mishonga zvokudya zvokuwedzera.

Basa makabhohaidhiretsi mumuviri womunhu wacho anokosha

Makabhohaidhiretsi zvinokosha nomuviri womunhu uye anofanira kuvapo kwake Muterere nezuva. yeimwe izvi takura akawanda anoitwa kuti anopa munhu wose upenyu vanhu. Izvi zvinofanira kusanganisira:

• Energy basa. Nokuda oxidation-siyana zvinoumba simba akasunungura carbohydrate yeimwe ndokugutisa zvinodiwa nomuviri. Naizvozvo, zvinokosha makabhohaidhiretsi ari zvinodyiwa pachena, nokuti masero omuviri wedu tichingotarisira kushanda.
• Gidroosmoticheskaya basa. Zviri kuburikidza kushandiswa makabhohaidhiretsi ari intercellular mvura iri muviri rine zvaida mari magnesium ions, karusiyamu. Zviri izvi zvinhu kusunga mvura mamorekuru.
• Mamiriro basa. Vamwe makabhohaidhiretsi tiri chikamu zhinji connective nyama dzemuviri. Uyezve, vari kunzwisisa pamwe mapuroteni zvinobatsira kuti paumbwe makemikari, steroid hormone, uye dzimwe chinokosha, tiri chikamu intracellular membranes, plasma uye vanobatanidzwa pezvakaitwa krovetvoritelnyh.
• The unodzivirira basa. Makabhohaidhiretsi zvinopa elasticity ari mudziyo masvingo, chikamu mucous Kamudzira uye synovial mvura.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kushandiswa makabhohaidhiretsi hakungoitwi rutsigiro womunhu muviri upenyu. Kuziva zvimwe zvivako zviri oligosaccharides, nhasi zviri kushingaira kushandiswa maindasitiri zhinji kwendangariro. Richizoita pagadzirwe siyana zvokudya zvinogadzirwa. Pashure oligosaccharides - akasiyana nemamwe dzinongoitika preservatives.

kupatsanura pakati makabhohaidhiretsi

chikamu ichi yeimwe inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikwata zvitatu:

• nyore shuga (achiri kunzi monosaccharides);
• oligosaccharides (kana polymeric yeimwe ine glycosidic linkage)
• polysaccharides - a biopolymer yeimwe dzakakwirira samolecular uremu.

What makabhohaidhiretsi misiyano

Monosaccharides vari nyore makabhohaidhiretsi, havaiti kumbotambudzika hydrolysis ari munhu ura uye nokukurumidza kunyura. Vamiririri kukosha boka iri vanoonekwa kuti hexose uye pentose.

Polysaccharides uye oligosaccharides - zvakawanda dzakaoma yeimwe. Polysaccharides - macromolecular biopolymer remubatanidzwa izvo zvinozoita vari rakakamurwa digestible (starch uye glycogen yeimwe) uye non-digestible (Mishonga fibers).

Oligosaccharides ine zvishoma residues nyore makabhohaidhiretsi. Sezvo ane kubva 2 kusvika 10 monosaccharides residues, vari rakakamurwa disaccharides, trisaccharides uye zvichingodaro. D. The chepamusorosoro kukosha nokuti munhu muviri vari disaccharides.

Nokudaro, sucrose iri ipwa kana bhiti shuga, ari zvinomera sezvo kugadzirisa, vanounganidza mu madzinde midzi. Lactose - carbohydrate, vane mhuka mavambo, iri mukaka wavo. Trehalose zvirimowo mune dzimwe algae uye hunokuvadza. Maltose murusununguko muchimiro hakuitiki, izvozvo zviri sechinhu zvenguva yemudzimu hydrolysis kuti starch panguva kumera kuti rye nebhari mbeu.

mushonga ehupfumi

Mienzaniso Major pamusoro oligosaccharides, rakajairika uye inowanzoshandiswa nezvokudya, rine mbiri monosaccharide - ndiko sucrose, maltose, trehalose uye lactose. Chero makemikari pezvakaitwa chokuita oligosaccharides nokuda kukwanisa hydrolyze, kukamurwa kupinda avo monosaccharides residues zvavakaudzwa vanoumbwa. Somuenzaniso, hydrolysis kuti maltose vari kuumbwa maviri shuga uye lactose vari aumba kubva galactose uye shuga. Sucrose, akavapindurawo, anotanga kupinda shuga uye fructose.

oligosaccharide basa iri siyana rwokugadzira pezvakaitwa

In oligosaccharides, sezvo dzimwe macronutrients, huru dzichipfekeka hazvisati zvave kuonekwa hydrophilic. It anokonzerwa vakawanda OH mapoka kuti anosangana mvura mamorekuru. Mugumisiro nokuda mvura tichisunga carbohydrate marongerwo. Somuenzaniso, pasinei chete nhamba nemapoka hydroxyl, ari hygroscopicity kuti fructose yekudyidzana kupfuura shuga. A zvikuru hygroscopic lactose sucrose kana maltose. Kushandisa zvakasiyana-siyana zviri mvura-tichisunga carbohydrate pamusoro zvinechinangwa anosanganisira pezvakaitwa siyana.

Kana kuoma nechando yakatsvuka zvinhu, Semi-rapera uye rakapedzwa zvigadzirwa, zviri yaanopinda bvumidzwa kana impermissible zvakawandisa mwando kungava kwakakodzera kushandisa sucrose, lactose kana maltose.

Uyezve, oligosaccharides - yeimwe izvo ungasunga yainge zvinonhuwirira zvinhu uye zvazvinoita yokupedzisira Ruvara chigadzirwa iri kuomesa kwendangariro. Naizvozvo, vanowanzoororwa zvikurukuru chakaunzwa chigadzirwa kuzadzisa Somugumisiro akanaka.

Nhasi boka iri makabhohaidhiretsi rinoshandiswa chaizvo kugadzira mishonga yakasiyana-siyana, Mishonga zvokuwedzera uye zvizoro.