Unoziva here akazogadzira kombiyuta?

In makore mashomanana, kombiyuta akakwanisa kuwana pedyo upenyu hwevanhu kuti pasi kuvapo pasina yava kutoita zvisingaiti. Uchibatsirwa kwayo zvichibvira kwete chete kuti kutaipa magwaro, asi kuteerera mumhanzi, mafirimu, tauriranai paIndaneti uye zvakawanda. Kunyange zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti munhu emakore mashoma apfuura zvakanga haako! Asi nzira yakanga isati, apo vaya akazogadzira kombiyuta hazvirevi mukazvizarurira izvozvo nyika.

Chokwadi, pakutanga zvakaita chete kadambari muchina uye vakashandisa diki denderedzwa renyanzvi. Asi nhasi, oga kombiyuta kana tablet ndiye anenge munhu wose. Uchishandisa pavo zuva nezuva, uye munoziva apo, kupi uye ndiani akatanga kombiyuta? Asi zviri zvikuru inofadza mubvunzo. Ngatimbotaurei zvazviri.

Kana uye kupi akazogadzira kombiyuta?

Vanhu vagara vakatsvaka michina yacho Masvomhu kuti zviite kuti unoparadza nguva-muitiro. kuedza kwakadaro kwakaitwa kare: ari Mushosho pamusoro peBhabhironi rekare, vekare Chinese Mushosho, anozivikanwa Antikythera mashandiro kubva Greece - zvose Precursors of kombiyuta ano.

On kukura muzvigadzirwa kombiyuta ane munguva dzazvino, basa masayendisiti akawanda anozivikanwa: Leibniz, Muller, Pascal uye nevamwe. Mugumisiro pakushingaira kwavo kwaiva nokugadzirwa muna 1820 ane achiwedzera muchina.

Wokutanga kombiyuta mufananidzo akazviratidza muTokyo. Muna 1941, yakanga yakagadzirwa uye akavaka zvakasikwa Analytical pakuverenga muchina aigona kuita mabasa pasina kupindira kwevanhu. Z3 - raiva zita ane kubudirira sayenzi.

Ndiani musiki?

Hongu, akatodzana nomunhu PC yokutanga yakavakwa Japan. Asi ndiani akagadzira izvozvo, uyo akazogadzira kombiyuta? vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti muzana remakore rechi19 Chirungu yemasvomhu Charlz Bebbidzh nemimba uye vakatanga chirongwa kwakadaro Analytical muchina. Iye kunyange vakakwanisa kusika munhu kumumvuri, asi Treasury kugona kuwanikwa nokuda zvizere Implementation nechirongwa.

Muna 1946, kuti US wakasimbisa ENIAC wakatungamirira zvirongwa Mauchly uye Eckert, akaita kombiyuta yekutanga kwakavakirwa transistors. Over kwayo budiriro vakashanda kwemakore anenge matatu, izvozvo apedzera hafu yemiriyoni emadhora. muchina uyu zvinogona reprogrammed uye kushandiswa kugadzirisa mhando dzose matambudziko. Zvisinei, kombiyuta ichi Raishamisa chaizvo mudziyo. Waiyera vanenge 28 matani uye dzaserera pachishandiswa injini ndege! Muna 1971 iye akazogadzira floppy dhisiki uye wokutanga microprocessor.

Zvisinei, makombiyuta aya huru uye doroguschy namano kuti nezvaaigona chete makuru akaitwa uye hurumende masangano ...

Yokutanga Mini-muchina muna 1965 akasikwa Digital Equipment Corporation. Akanzi ari PDP-8, uye kukura zvakaita asisiri ... firiji. Izvi zvakateverwa vakawanda yokutevedzera, asi kwete ndoda.

Ndiani akazogadzira pachake kombiyuta, izvo isu vakajaira kuona?

The danho kuti chii isu kushandisa nhasi, muna 1976, akaita vaviri kuAmerica vaduku - Wozniak uye Jobs. Ivo zvakagadzira mudziyo kuti mitambo yemavhidhiyo, idzo inogona chiite. Akanzi «Apple». Zvadaro, Stiv Dzhobs akasika vesangano zvakafanana zita, vakatora pamusoro pagadzirwe pachavo makombiyuta.

Eya, muna 1986 na IBM muchina yakaitwa IBM PC pamwe 16-ikakuruma Intel processor uye Software yakataurwa Microsoft. By pakutanga kuma1990. mano izvi zvazova vakawanda kuparadzwa chinhu.

kombiyuta kune vanoziva nzira mudziyo kwatiri nhasi yakanga yakareba chaizvo uye zvakaoma. Nhasi, zvinhu nyore. PC ari anenge ose musha, uye vamwe havana chimwe. Uye tinofanira kuonga vaya akazogadzira kombiyuta uye kushanda nani zvayo. Pashure pezvose, mudziyo uyu akava anenge dzetsika dzemagariro nomumwe wedu. Mumwe anofanira kushanda, uye mumwe kukurukura uye bedzi nguva yakanaka.