Vamiriri vemhuri yeClove. Mhuri clove: unhu uye tsanangudzo

Vamiriri vemhuri yevhave (Caryophyllaceae) vanowanikwa chaizvoizvo kumativi ose enyika. Kukura kwemiti yakadaro, kusanganisira munharaunda yenyika yedu. Mumasango nemakumbo eRussia, munhu anogona kusangana nesango drema, resinous dioecious, Kukushkin ruvara, nezvimwe. Ichokwadi, Carnation imhuri iyo vamiririri vanowanzosimudzirwa pamaguta edzimba dzepasi. Iyo inoshandiswa muminda uye minda yemichero, inonyanya kunge yakashongedza michero.

General Characteristics

Zvinhu zvikuru zvakasiyana-siyana zvevamiririri vemhuri yeClove nde:

• Mashizha akafanana akasiyana nemashizha;

• Madzimai emadzimai nemukombe uye halo;

• Dry, muchimiro chebhokisi, fetus-foci;

• Small smooth tuberculate mbeu.

Clove - mhuri inosanganisira 86 genera uye anenge zviuru zviviri.

Kuparadzirwa

Izvi zvinomera zvinokura pamakondinendi eNyika zvisina kufanana. Vazhinji vavo vanowanikwa kuMabvazuva neCentral Asia, uyewo munyika yeMediterranean. Mhando dzakasiyana dzevamiriri veveveve vanogona kuwanikwa mumasango nemasango, mahombekombe uye munharaunda. Imwe yemhando dzemhuri iyi - creeper stellate - yakawanikwa kunyange yakakwirira mumakomo (6000 m).

Chimiro cheduva

Mhuri Carnation, kana kuti, vamiririri varo, vanozivikanwa nekuti makoroni avo ane zvishanu kana mana. Inomira mune imwe neimwe yazvo inowanzotora 8-10. Iyo yakarongerwa mumativi maviri emakumbo mana. Iovary yemaruva ndiyo yakakwirira uye simezachatkami yakawanda mudendere rimwe nerimwe. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, maruva kubva kuvamiriri veMhuri yeClove ndiyo yekudzivirira. Ndiko kuti, mapureni ari mukati mawo anodurura kunze kwekumera kwepistils yakakura.

Nectar mumaruva inowanzowanda. Vakasvibiswa nenyuchi, mapururufuru, nezvimwewo. Maitiro emaruva emhuri yevhave mumatambudziko akawanda anopararira, uye naizvozvo haasati anonyanya kuzivikanwa pakusvibiswa kwemhuka nezvimwe zvipembenene.

Kurongwa

Ivhavha dzose maererano nehupenyu hweP Paks dzinopatsanurwa kuva nhatu dzemadzimai makuru:

• Paronynhive;

• Resinous;

• Alcinic.

Vanogona kusiyanisa mukusavapo kana kuvapo kwetikiti kana musarudzo yemaruva.

Mhuri yeCheve: Zvakakosha kuNational Economy

Shandisa mavhavha anogona:

• Semiti yekushongedza;

• Muzvigaro zvepamutemo uye zvemagariro;

• Sechinotsiva sese;

• Sezvokudya zvezvipfuwo.

Zvinyorwa - mhuri, kusanganisira kusanganisira masora, izvo zvatinofanira kutarisana nazvo pakuchengeta marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvirimwa uye zvekugadzira zvirimwa. Kunewo marudzi ane uturu hweCaryophyllaceae musango.

Mhuri clove: vamiririri vekushongedza kukosha

Mhando dzakawanda dzemhuri Caryophyllaceae muminda uye minda yemichero zvinokura kare kare. Ivhavha dzinoshandiswa zvikuru dzinoshongedza dzinosanganisira, semuenzaniso, vamiririri veGeneral Mylnyanka naSmolevka. Kazhinji munharaunda iwe unogonawo kuona gerbils yakanaka uye mineseries.

Saponaria: tsanangudzo yakazara

Chinosiyanisa chikuru chevamiririri vorudzi urwu ndechokuzvidzora uye panzvimbo yepamusoro yekunakidza maitiro. Kazhinji sese, nokuti izvi zvinomera zvakagadzirwa, zvinokura pamakomo emakomo. Ijeri Saponaria inosvika zvinopfuura 30 marudzi akasiyana.

Sesepa yemushonga yakanga ichiri kuonekwa munenge mimwe miti yemichero uye minda. Nhasi miti iyi yemhuri yevhavha yakarasikirwa nedzimwe dzekuzivikanwa kwayo. Izvo zvose pamusoro pekuwedzera kwake mano ekudzikisa. Izvi zvinoshongedza (uye nemishonga) tsika inokura pakarepo pakarepo, uye naizvozvo, nokukurumidza inoshanduka kuva masora.

Mumiririri anonyanya kuzivikanwa wemhando iyi yezuva ranhasi ndeimwe sipo ndiro - basilica. Mumusango, ichi chora chinokura zvikuru mumakomo eWestern Europe. Shoots basilica lepidoptera mafomu ekugara, uye maruva emaruva ane pink yakajeka. Zviri nyore kutarisira muti uyu, sevamwe nhengo dzejeri. Zvisinei, kuitira kuti kuchengetedza kuenzaniswa, mashizha ebhasiki anofanira kuderedzwa pachetatu chekumusoro shure kwechipiri maruva (pakupera kwezhizha).

Kazhinji kazhinji muminda uye minda yeRussia vagari vemuzhizha unogonawo kuona sango reSaapy. Kuberekwa kweizvi marudzi ndeyePyrenees. Maruva ari mumagetsi aya (5-6 cm) ane michero yakaisvonaka yepinki.

Zvose zvataurwa pamusoro apa sopu zvinogona kukura munzvimbo imwe kwemakore mazhinji. Mimwe miriwo haifaniri kushandiswa kugadzirwa kwevhu. Zvisinei, nzvimbo iri pasi pavo inofanira kusarudzwa zuva, zvinyararire. Izvo zvakanaka zvakare kuronga mvura yekudonha pamaruva.

Silene: zvakasiyana siyana

Izvi zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa nevadzidzisi vezhizha dzezhizha clove genus, dzinosvika mazana mana emarudzi. Inoshandiswa tarits kunyanya mudiki madhinza mapindu uye pamashizha ematombo. Mumiririri anozivikanwa zvikuru weshoko iri ndeyekushaya muviri. Chimiro ichi chiri pasi (kusvika pamasendimita makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu) chinowanikwa pamaruvabhedhi kana chikomo chinonakidza uye chakanaka grey-blue "muteve". Blooms smolevka seaside zvinenge zvose zhizha. Mhando dzakasiyana siyana uye maitiro ayo zvakatorwa kusvika panguva ino. Pamunda wako, unogona kusarudza zvakasiyana nemaruva machena kana pinki.

Smolnevka Alpine - zvakarewo mumiririri akakurumbira wemhando yemafuta-mavara akasvibiswa masikati kusvika masendimita makumi maviri. Uyewo, dzimwe nguva varimi vanowedzera pamaruwa avo asina kumira, Argosian neKantzian fomu.

Tsanangudzo yemakaroti Lichnis (Lychnis)

Izvi zvinowanzosiyanawo pane dzakanaka zvekushongedza. Inosanganisira makumi mapfumbamwe nemarudzi, asi inonyanya kuzivikanwa nevamiririri vayo Licniice Arkite uye Crowned. Yokutanga inoumba chikamu chechikanda chakareba 35-40 masikati uye chinofadza varimi vane ruvara rwemaruva-ruvara rutsvuku, rune hupamhi hunogona kusvika 3 cm.

Lichenis korona ndeyemichero inonzi herbaceous yemhuri yevhave, inokwanisa kukura kunyange kune ivhu rakaorera. Mukukwirira kwayo, inogona kusvika kusvika masendimita 45 kusvika ku90. Kuratidzwa kwemaruva emureza uyu we genus Lichnis yakachena kana yepini.

Gerbils (Arenaria) uye Minuartia (Minuartia)

Vamiririri vemataundi aya vanofanana zvikuru. Kusvika pakuti ivo vanowanzovhiringidzika pamwe chete. Ichinyanyozivikanwa sandstone ndiyo gomo. Iyi simiti inogona kusvika 10 cm murefu uye ikura kusvika 50 cm muhupamhi. Maruva pagomo reGerbil chena, guru.

Chinhu chinowanzojairika ndeche juniperella. Ichi chinomera chinoshamisa chinosvika pakureba kwemasendimita gumi nemashanu uye chinotarisa chikuru mumasimiro ari oga uye pamwe chete nemimwe michero yekunakira, somuenzaniso, alpine kana fern clove. Inflorescences ye myartium ndiyo juniperolate, uye mapepa ari acuminate.

Mishonga yemishonga

Clove - mhuri, vamiririri vakawanda vanogona kushandisa, kusanganisira muvanhu uye mishonga yepamutemo. Chokutanga pane zvose, izvi ndezvirimwa zvakadai se:

• Fossil.

• Gryzhnik iri nyore.

• Vamiririri vejeri Kachim.

Zvinogona kushandiswa kuporesa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvinhu zve physiologically zvakashanda zvinhu mumatumbu avo: alkaloids, flavonoids, mavitamini, saponins, mafuta anokosha uye asidi acid.

Acaculum (Acanthophyllum): tsanangudzo

Mhuri yeClove inoratidzika nekugadzirisa kwayo kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanyama. Rusty vamiririri vayo vanogona zvakare mumakomo. Iyo iri munzvimbo dzakakwirira unogona kuwana mishonga yemishonga. Chimwe chikamu chechimiro ichi ndiko kusina kwehutu. Mashizha eAcanthophyllum are notyy, prickly kumativi maviri, akabatanidzwa mu rosette (40-50 cm muupamhi). Pakati pekupedzisira kune inflorescence-tswanda, pasi apo maruva anoputika akabatanidzwa.

Pamusoro pemishonga, zvinongova miviri yakachena ye fossiliferous inoshandiswa. Izvo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvine mafuta anokosha, tannins, insulini, zvinhu zvakasara. Kusarudzwa kwetincture ye fossiliferous inogona kushandiswa kuporesa helminthiosis (mhuka), kubvisa chiriev, sechirwere uye chinopesana nokuputika.

Gryzhnik smooth: rudzi rwemiti?

Ichi chakavhara chivako chisingaperi chinowanikwawo mumhuri yeClove. Unogona kuona mufananidzo uri pasi apa. Iyo yakasvibirira inokonzera tsvina yakazara zvachose nemashizha mashomanana mashoma, mune axils apo maruva maduku maduku machena anounganidzwa nemakumbo. Mumusango, hutete hwakanaka hunokura zvikuru pamasango, stony wastelands uye mumigwagwa.

Kubvumira kunobatsira uye kudonha kwebundo iri kunogona kuva nekukanganiswa, jaundice, zvirwere zvechivako nemafiso. Uyewo inogona kushandiswa kumabhati nemavanga asina kusimbiswa.

Rod Kachim

Rimwe zita remhando iyi gypsophila. Izvi ndezvirimwa zvakajairika mumhuri yevhave. Parizvino inenge 150 mhando dzemhando iyi yemuviri inozivikanwa. Asi, hongu, havasi vose vari mishonga. Kazhinji kazhinji, nechinangwa chokurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, tinoshandisa panicle. Iyo inomiririra chimiro chinogara chisingaverengeki chine rhizome yakareba uye yakasungirirwa tsvina. Mumusango, tinosunga panicle inokura muWestern Siberia, Central Asia uye muEurope chikamu cheRussia. Maitiro ayo matsvuku anogona kushandiswa se antimicrobial, analgesic, laxative kana ma emetic. Uyewo, kuputika kwemiti iyi inowanzoshandiswa pakurwadziwa muropa.

Masora

Wedzera kukanganisa mukurima kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvirimwa neyemunda wegindu zvinogona kuva vamiririri vazhinji vemhuri yevhave. Asi nyuchi dzinonyangadza ndeye stellate midzi, kana mackerel. Upenyu hwehupenyu hwemuti uyu huri mazuva makumi mana chete. Uye naizvozvo kwenguva yakati inogona kupa zvizvarwa zvitatu. Chikamu chezasi chezvikamu zvehutachiona, pamwe chete nekuputika kwevhu, zvinononoka kudarika uye kunotanga mangwanani-ngwanani mushure mokunge kusviba kwechando. Mbeu mushure mokubukira, mbeu imwe neimwe inogona kupa makumi maviri nemashanu. Panguva imwechete, inoramba ichitsvaira kusvika kumakore 8.

Yakaipisa cloves

Chimiro chinonyanya kuzivikanwa cheboka iri ndechechiputi chinowanzo. Iyi nyuchi yakawanda yakasvibiswa ine miviri yakareba midzi. Iyo tsvina yakakwirira (kusvika 1 m), knobby, zvishoma branching. Mashizha emuputi uyu anononoka uye anopinza, uye maruva ari oga ane violet-tsvuku. Huru hwemavara yemuti uyu hahupi hune ngozi kune hutano hwevanhu nemhuka. Mbeu chete yemapuropiti inotyisa.

Fodder uswa

Mumafuro emapata uye mumakwikwi anokura zvakasiyana-siyana vamiririri vevhave. Inenge dzose dzazvo dzinogona kudyiwa nemombe. Zvisinei, iyo inokosha kupfuura fodhi yemiti yakadaro asi uswa hwehuvha uye inochera mvura. Yokutanga isira risingaperi risina miti inenge yakareba kusvika masendimita makumi mashanu nemasere masikati mashoma. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemhando idzi zvinogona kuva dzemhando mbiri. Kwete-maruva akafukidzwa kwazvo. Panguva imwe chete, haazoregi kwenguva refu. Kutakura maruva kune yakakwirira kwazvo uye kumucheto wepamusoro ivo vanobatanidzwa muchimiro cheforogo. Kutemwa kwemiriwo kunopararira nembeu. Inowanzokura pamatombo emasitelands, mumasango ane madota, mumasango neminda.

Mavhenekeri iyi inokosha yeirivha yemhuri yevhavha - inogara isingagumi, iyo yakakwirira inogona kuva 20-70 cm.Iyo inowanikwa mumucheto wepamusoro inoparidzika, uye muzasi-chikamu-glabrous. Mashizha e-softberry ari ovate, uye inflorescences ihafu-zonot. Mumamiriro echisikigo, mbeu iyi inowanikwa muEurope chikamu cheRussia, Caucasus, Central Asia, Far East, Siberia.

Izvi zvinotaurwa pamusoro pemhuri yeClove zvinotibvumira kuti tivatonge sechinhu chakanaka kuhupfumi hwenyika. Zvechokwadi, boka iri rinosanganisira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, masora, uye kunyange miti inouraya. Zvisinei, mhando dzakawanda dzinokosha sezvirimwa zvinoshongedza zvinogona kuva muchero chaiwo wejadhi, minda nemigwagwa yeguta, zvose semishonga uye sekudya.