Words pamwe suffix -enok-, -onok-: mienzaniso mashoko uye mitemo

Maererano kudzidziswa zvirongwa chikoro, imwe nguva apo vana kudzidza mashoko pamwe suffix -enok - 3 kirasi. Words pamwe suffix kazhinji kunounza matambudziko ari zvatinoita shoko inotungamirwa nokunyora.

Zvinetso izvi zvine chokuita zvikurukuru chete phonetics - kureva, panguva vachiridza tsamba -e anopa ruzha [iwe]. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "gava", ine tsamba ari suffix -e- mu transcription taitsvaka seizvi: [l`is`onok]. Saka, kana tsamba -e- inorira pashure zvinyoronyoro nzvanyira [s`] iri kuva inzwi [munhu].

Naizvozvo zvakakosha kudzidza nyaya kubhadhara ngwariro chaiyo nokuumbwa mashoko matsva vachishandisa suffixes izvi, uyewo zvakarurama sarudzo -o- uye -e- muzvinyorwa zvavo.

Kuwedzera mitemo yakajeka Dare pakusarudza suffix mune dzimwe okukura ezvinhu, pane zvimwe zvinhu kuti kuona kushandisa namira tichitarisa zvinoreva kuti kwakunoitwa shoko repakutanga. Zvinofanira kubhadhara pfungwa.

The ichangogadzwa kuumbwa zvitarisiko anoshandiswa zvichienderana kutaura mamiriro ezvinhu uye kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvinorehwa, icho chakapiwa inoumbwa neshoko.

Words pamwe suffix -onok / -enok: mienzaniso

Mienzaniso mashoko chete suffix -onok:

• Galchonok;
• kutakura;
• sychonok;
• datya;
• keg;
• kurchonok;
• turchonok;
• tsuro;
• tsindi;
• tsuro;
• imbwa duku;
• neshiri yegungwa;
• strizhonok;
• Tickbird Hatchling;
• cherepashonok;
• pauchonok;
• mbeva;
• rachonok;
• ezhonok;
• morzhonok;
• muzukurukomana wake;
• barsuchonok;
• muduku Cossack;
• ngamera;
• Malchonok;
• dyachonok;
• poult;
• mwana;
• Rook;
• mufudzi;
• kitaychonok.

Mienzaniso mashoko chete suffix -enok:

• Duckling;
• kakatsi;
• zverenok;
• owlet;
• Dhiyabhorosi;
• Dhimoni Duku;
• greasers;
• Zvinofungidzirwa nzvimbo;
• gava;
• nguruve;
• shumba;
• thé;
• mbudzi;
• gunguo;
• zhuravlenok;
• eaglet;
• nzou;
• mhuru;
• kuklenok;
• huku;
• Mubiki;
• mbudzi;
• kangaruru;
• Aistenok;
• gonzo diki;
• nondo;
• Dhimoni Duku;
• mhuru;
• mwana.

shandisa

Derivational suffixes -onok / -enok kakawanda akashandisa kusika munhu rume, zvichiratidza mazita mhuka duku.

affixes izvi shoko-inotungamirwa nerevane kushumira kusika mashoko matsva neumwe lexical zvaanoreva.

Zvisinei, kubva pakunzi mazita mhuka duku - handiyo chete basa kuti anoita date morpheme. Words vane suffixes uye -enok -onok vari diminutive kana hanya kunokosha uye womuratidza childishness, akasarudzwa redzidziso asiri mukuru. Saka usati kushandisa shoko pamwe suffix, zvakakosha kwete chete neImba ayo mitemo kunyora, asiwo kuona akapoteredza kutaura mamiriro ezvinhu umo iri kudya.

Somuenzaniso.

shoko repakutanga	Words pamwe suffix -enok - shoko mienzaniso	The lexical Zvinorehwa neshoko itsva
katsi	mwana wekiti	katsi mwana
gava	pup	gava mwana
tsuro	leveret	muduku tsuro
mapuroteni	mbira	mwana tsindi
mufudzi	mufudzi	mumiririri basa "mufudzi" uduku
wepapurazi	batrachonok	mumiririri basa "mushandi" uduku hanya kana ukoshi
Chinese	kitaychonok	mwana ane rupi ari "Chinese"
bharero	bharero	Kukwanisa ane saizi muduku pachinhu epakutanga pfungwa

Mazita dzimwe mhuka nokushandiswa kweshoko paradigm

Derivational suffix -onok / -enok inogona kushandiswa dzidzo havasi vose mazita vaduku mhuka. Somuenzaniso, pane mazita mhuka, nokuti pakunzi iyo inoshandisa yakasiyana paradigm shoko mazita.

Somuenzaniso.

mhuka	Name mwana
gwai	hwayana
bhiza	pomwana
nguruve	Piglet
huku	huku
mhou	mhuru

Mienzaniso mazita mhuka kuti aumbe risingagoni kushandiswa suffixes -onok / -enok

Pane mazita mhuka, kuratidza kuti vana havagoni kushandisa suffix nzira shoko inotungamirwa.

Somuenzaniso:

Twiza - young twiza, mvuu - Hippo mhuru.

Hapana pachena mitemo kushandisa kana zvisingachashandiswi kuti suffixes izvi imwe neshoko. Chikonzero chikuru ndechokuti munhoroondo. Saka, mashoko aya anofanira kuva nyore kuyeuka kuti kudzivisa zvimwe zvikanganiso zviri risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi.

Mitemo kweshoko inotungamirwa chete suffix -e (o) NOC

Yokusarudza shoko pamwe suffix kana suffix -enok -onok rinyorwe imwe nyaya kunofanira kutungamirirwa nemitemo anotevera.

Words pamwe suffix -onok- zvakanyorwa:

Mumashoko, mazita mhuka, hwaro iyo chinoguma nenzira muridzo, unstressed:

Kutakura - medvezh'onok

Mouse - mysh'onok

Tyoni - ezh'onok

Datya - lyagush'onok

Words pamwe suffix -enok zvakanyorwa:

In mashoko ane chawo pamusoro nyoro nzvanyira (kunze [ch`]):

Words pamwechete suffix Enok: mienzaniso mashoko	nyoro nzvanyira
ingwe mwana	TIG [r`] Yenok
pup	Ko [s`] Yenok
Dhimoni Duku	baa [s`] Yenok
kuklenok	Cook [l`] Yenok

Inotungamirwa mashoko suffixes -onok / -enok

Kuti shoko chete suffix -enok zvakakodzera kuti kuparadzanisa hunde neshoko uye, kutungamirirwa nemitemo inotungamirwa mashoko ndaisa runodiwa suffix itsva. Saka, paumbwe itsva Zano rokuti siyana riri sezvinotevera:

shoko rakaipa + suffix -e (n) + kuti NOC (kana zvakakodzera)

shoko repakutanga	derivational hwaro	Shoko rokupedzisira	Kusarudza suffix
zizi	namazizi	owlet	Hwaro shoko rokupedzisira chinoguma nenzira dzakapfavirira, nechinoridzirwa muridzo [in`] - suffix risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi -enok.
Elk	Los	mhuru	Hwaro shoko rokupedzisira chinoguma nenzira dzakapfavirira, nechinoridzirwa muridzo [s`] - suffix risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi -enok.
mbeva	mbeva	mousy	The hunde inoguma ari muridzo [w] - suffix risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi -onok.
wepapurazi	wepapurazi	batrachonok	Hunde chinoguma nenzira muridzo [H] - derivational suffix -onok.

Kunyanya kufunga pakugadzirwa mashoko matsva anofanira rwakabhadharwa kuna alternation pamusoro emakonzonendi ari kwokutanga uye shoko rokupedzisira.

Words pamwechete suffix -enok: mienzaniso mashoko nzvanyira panguva mwoyo

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko paumbwe mashoko aya affixes ane alternation pamusoro emakonzonendi panguva morpheme musono. Saka, chinjana:

1) velar / muridzo: tsuro - tsuro, mhumhi - mwana.

2) D / f, D '/ F: Bear - Bear.

3) Dual dzakaoma emakonzonendi / vaviri munyoro: gava - lis`enok katsi - kot`enok.

The algorithm pamusoro inotungamirwa mashoko matsva pamwe suffixes -enok / -onok

Saka, nokuti yakarurama chiperengo shoko, unofanira kutevedza zvinotevera urongwa:

1) Sarudza panobva shoko hwaro.

2) Sarudza chii chinoguma hwaro (a nzvanyira vakamira pamberi suffix):

• sizzling pamusoro - nyora suffix -onok;
• uri munyoro, chinoridzirwa muridzo kana [ch`] - nyora suffix -enok.

Kushandisa suffixes -onok / -enok kuumba mashoko pasina ichitoratidza mazita mhuka duku

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, suffixes izvi zvinoshandiswa kuumba mashoko pasina richiratidza zita vaduku mhuka.

Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mashoko suffix zvingaratidza mumiririri imwe rudzi, magariro strata, nyanzvi. chavanopinda.

Zvisinei, vachishandisa shoko pamwe namira neimwe kutaura mamiriro ezvinhu, yeuka vamwe hanya kukosha wanamatira morpheme ichi.

Somuenzaniso:

• mufudzi - mufudzi;
• murume - mwana;
• Mubiki - kubika;
• Roma - wechigypsy;
• mhuka - zverenok;
• Chinese - kitaychonok.

Pakusarudza kana kunyora -e- -o- ari suffix nokuda mhando mashoko aishandiswa patasvika.

Declination pamusoro emazita pamwe suffixes -onok / -enok

Achiumba kubva shoko repakutanga kushandisa riine mujinga namira, tinowana shoko pamwe suffix -enok uye null-akamiswa kana chete shoko fomu pamwe suffix -onok.

Somuenzaniso:

• nzou - nzou □;
• Cat - kakatsi □;
• Jackdaw - Galchonok □;
• Mushandi - batrachonok □.

Kana declination pamusoro emazita, akaumba vachishandisa mashoko suffixes kurasikirwa kunoitika nzvanyira "iwe".

Somuenzaniso:

tsindi - tsindi, ezhonok - ezhonka, dhiabhorosi - shoma dhimoni.

Dzimwe paumbwe emazita kunoitika uye kurasikirwa pamudzi nzvanyira, saka isu tiwane shoko, akasiyana mune ruzha nemamiriro nheyo shoko repakutanga.

Somuenzaniso:

• shumba ,: shumba;
• gondo, asi: eaglet.

Chouwandu pamusoro emazita pamwe suffixes -enok / -onok

Pakugadzirwa muuzhinji emazita, namira uzhinji kunotsiviwa ne -AT / -yat.

Somuenzaniso:

• Lion - mwana - Asi: wayo, vana vayo;
• nemapoka - nemapoka - asi: mamontyata, mammoths;
• Tyoni - ezhonok - Asi: ezhata, ezhat;
• tsuro - tsuro - Asi: tsuro, tsuro.

Kana declination Mashoko muuwandu pashure -AT / -yat akashandisa tsamba nowakachenjera nyaya.

Somuenzaniso:

mhosva	shoko fomu
nominative	vana vayo, ezhata
genitive	vana vayo, ezhat
dative	vana vayo, ezhata
accusative	vana vayo, ezhat
ablative	vana vayo, ezhata
prepositional	vana vayo, ezhata

Kutonga uku rinoshanda chete mashoko anoratidza zita vaduku, uyewo mashoko uchi agaric (howa, uchi) uye minyatso (boletus, ruomba). Kune mamwe mashoko suffix ichi, mutemo uyu haushandi.

enzanisa:

bharero - keg - asi: kegs, casks.

mhosva	shoko fomu
nominative	kegs
genitive	kegs
dative	kegs
accusative	kegs
ablative	kegs
prepositional	kegs

Saka, kazhinji vanoshandisa suffixes -onok / -enok nyore. The chete dambudziko angaenzanisirwa tichirangarira mashoko intractable shoko-inotungamirwa mitemo.