Writer Alexander Vampilov: Biography (mufananidzo). Rating mabhuku

A kupenya munyori wemitambo, zvaimushungurudza kudzidza nzira panyika, Alexander Vampilov haana rakabudiswa muupenyu hwake. Mabasa emunyori dzakabudiswa uye akagamuchira kuzivikanwa chete paakanga afa. Panguva upenyu hwake hupfupi Vampilov akasunungura kubva kutamba mudanga, guru uye panofanira kuva chete chiito, uye pfupi prose anoshanda. Topics yakamutswa Aleksandrom Valentinovichem, akafemerwa yemitambo uye firimu vatungamiriri kuaisa pachikuva. Opera akasunungura kunyange pashure kutamba, ane munyori akanga Alexander Vampilov. Reviews ari munyori zvakauya dzakawanda pazvivako, mamiziyamu nokukudzwa kwake.

udiki

Akazvarwa munyori wemitambo mutaundi duku Irkutsk nharaunda, guta Kutulik. Mhuri, iyo yakawedzera mana nevana, rakanga rakajairika. Baba - mutungamiriri chikoro yemo, apo mai vake, mudzidzisi wemasvomhu, mubheka somubatsiri wechikoro. Mhuri kuti achinja apo baba vake akasungwa pashure pokunge vakatsamwirwa muna 1937. Sei vodilos panguva iyoyo, mumwe "akanaka" vadzidzisi akanyora pamusoro wake nokutsamwa, vachimupomera maonero Anti-Soviet. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hunotanga upenyu hwayo Alexander Vampilov. Photos kukurukurwa pazasi.

Saka, amai vacho vakasara nevana vana. Veukama vakatsauka kubva mukadzi uyo akaedza zvaaigona kwete kuti vana vanofa nenzara. Saka vakatanga rwendo upenyu Vampilov Aleksandr Valentinovich, ane Biography ari akanzi "muvengi vanhu".

In munyori remangwana yaizivikanwa sebhanditiwo mwana achiri kuchikoro, hapana hunoshamisa. Talent vakatanga kubuda zvikuru gare gare. Ungangove, izvi imhaka yokuti kumuremera vaiva vaduku. Vampilov Aleksandr Valentinovich, vane mhuri yakakanganiswa nguva nezvokudya nemvura, uye vakasagona nezvekurara art.

youth

Mabhuku basa kunotanga apo Vampilov anosvika Irkutsk University iri rorusununguko History uye Philology. Zvishoma nezvishoma Alexander Vampilov anotanga kuedza uri kunyora nyaya pfupi. Wokutanga vavo kubudiswa pepanhau mudzidzi. Papera chinguva, akanga yakawanikwa kubudikidza utungamiriri pepanhau "jaya yeSoviet" - pane jaya anotanga kushanda muna 1961.

, Pepanhau Kutarisira Vampilov akatuma muMoscow ekudzidzisa mabhuku munyori sei chaizvo unyanzvi. Izvi zvakabatsira Aleksandru Valentinovichu kwira upward iye zvino varikutonga munyori. Zvisinei, pashure pemakore akawanda Vampilov ndatomboenda pamudyandigere Nokuzvidira chose nomunyorero.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuedza kuisa vamwe basa kuti danho pasina. Zvakawanda akazotevera Mitambo vaArekizandiro V. uye aifarira BDT Petersburg (zvino Leningrad), uye vamwe dzemitambo zvikuru.

Career, uye upenyu hwemhuri zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuvandudza. Uye pakarepo ... tsaona rufu.

nezvorufu

Mashoma mazuva havana kurarama kusvikira 35th gore Alexander Vampilov. Brief Biography akacheka mutenderere musoro. Kusarudza kuzorora pamusoro pegungwa, uye shamwari akaenda kugungwa aine chikepe.

Zvakangoitikawo kuti chikepe, Anosungwa miti murwi pasi mvura, hwaJobho hwachinja. munyori mumwe Gleb Pakulov, akadana rubatsiro uye akanunurwa. Vampilov akasarudza vanosvika kumhenderekedzo yaiva nechando nemvura. Uye paakangoziva achibudira panyika - mwoyo kwakakundikana.

Kuvigwa munyori shamwari, vafambidzani uye vatorwa zvachose. Sokuvigwa munhu zvechokwadi chokuita nyaya mbiri zvomweya. Zvapupu zvakaona akabatanidza ichi kuti chokwadi haana kuda kusiya mangwanani saka Aleksandr Vampilov. Biography yake haina apedza kusvikira pakuguma. The varongi pemariro acho, vakakanganwa kuunza tambo nayo zvinokosha kudzikisa pabhokisi muguva. Ari kumhanya-mhanya kuti chii chiri kuitika shamwari ndaifanira kuwana, uye ipapo kumirira kumakuva womutariri. Nepo kutsvaka - uchanja pamwe muviri munyori akamira pamahombekombe muguva. Izvi hazvina mugumo kare. Kamwe zvose muviri chete munyori wacho akatanga kuburutsa - Zvakazoitika kuti gomba iri diki. Zvakare ndaifanira kumirira kusvikira kwaari kuchera zvakanaka.

Ndezvokuti, uye kuti pakarepo pashure porufu kunotanga nokukurumidza kufarira vatungamiri uye vaparidzi nhaka, izvo zvinogona kusiya Vampilov Aleksandr Valentinovich.

rokusika nzira

Nyora Vampilov anotanga kuva mudzidzi History uye Philology-gore rokutanga. Yokutanga essays pfupi mabhuku yunivhesiti dzomunharaunda. The chete muunganidzwa ngano pfupi inobudiswa hwake, inowanika chete panguva ino. Izvi pfupi nyaya enyambo, akanyorwa pasi rekunyepedzera A. Sanin.

Pamusoro wake kusvika kubva Moscow (apo Alexander V. vakawedzera kuva munyori), wakati aishandira imwe nguva ari nomukurumbira pambiru Executive munyori "mukomana yeSoviet", akanyora vaviri pfupi enyambo Mitambo: "zana rubles A mari itsva", "The Raven Grove".

Vampilov zvishoma nezvishoma anouya nokuziva kuti anofanira kubata chete chete okugadzira zvinhu. Naizvozvo, unoti bhayibhayi kune basa mupepanhau uye anotanga kushingaira mabhuku basa. Nokukurumidza pane kutamba "Sarai muna June", iyo munyori inopa mashoko ari Moscow yemitambo. Zvinosuruvarisa kuedza izvi havana kubudirira.

Anobatsira Vampilov nyaya apo nemasanga akasangana neteregirafu iyoyo munyori wemitambo Arbuzov, uyo anobvuma kuti kutora uye kuverenga mutambo naAlexander "Sarai muna June". Vampilov anogamuchira Wongororo zvakanaka yakakurumbira munyori wemitambo, asi Moscow dariro chigadzirwa ipapo uye vasina kumboona.

Munguva yemakore 1969-1971, pane dambe dzakakurumbira. Vanodukupiswa, vanobviswa kuisa mukati dzematunhu dzemitambo, asi Moscow uye Leningrad Vavilov yakavharwa. Zvinosuruvarisa kufarira basa munyori wemitambo yakatanga nguva pfupi asati afa muna 1972. Zvakaoma kutaura sei dzemitambo guru kuti vave Aizvirumbidza payo, asi nenhindi anotorwa kuisa BDT, asi Stanislavsky Theater. Kunyange Lenfilm Vavilov chinoguma chibvumirano kunyora pakutanga screenplay. Zvinosuruvarisa, handina kuona Alexander Vampilov chinopenya kubudiswa Mitambo ake muMoscow: hwake richivezwa pfupi misodzi.

"Chisarai muna June": pfupiso

Akanyorwa 1965, ari mutambo "Sarai mu June" runozivisa mabhuku nguva. Vampilov rinoratidza protagonist, mudzidzi maonerwo ayo kwave kuchikosha metamorphosis kwete nani.

Pakutanga Kolesov anoratidza mweya boka, izvozvo kunoongwa vadzidzisi uye vandinodzidza navo. Ndiye inokosha, asi anosiyana kubva eccentric imwe mhando, sezvinoita vadzidzi vose.

Zvose zvinochinja kana gamba inowira ari mwanasikana Rector wacho Tatiana.
Nezvikonzero pachena, musoro kodzero pamusoro ukama ichi, iye aizondidzinga kubva University Kolesov. A mudzidzi ari kurasikirwa, nokuti zvechokwadi anofarira mumwe musikana, asi anonzwisisa kuti dhipuroma haagoni kurasikirwa, nekuti asati kusunungurwa kuramba nyaya mwedzi. Pashure ndichishuva zvikuru Kolesov anobvuma ichocho uye vachikanda Tanya.

Analysis kuti "Okuonekana mu June"

Vampilov akaita chikuru hunhu zvakaipa hunhu, iye akamupa mukana wokuchinja uye zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika panguva muverengi, nekuti mavhiri havasi kuenda mberi, akatendeuka, mune Kupopota manzwiro akabvarura dhipuroma yake uye ari kuedza kudzokera musikana. Writer kuzviuraya sezvo Rinozivisa kuti muverengi remangwana, rinotipa tariro kuti zvichava kugadziriswa.

Hatigoni kutaura kuti mutambo uyu zvachose rudo ukama, uye kusavimbika. Ndege ndiyo yakakwirira zvikuru: pachibvumirano nehana yake, mitemo. Uye iye kunoita izvozvo, Vampilov chengeta shure. Ndiyo rakasiyana manyorerwo Alexander Viktorovich.

"Yamatangwe mwanakomana": pfupiso

Kunoshanda "dangwe" Vampilov ndiyo yakareba. Chokutanga, pane drafts, manotsi kemabhuku, ipapo yakabudiswa zvimwe zvitsauko. Kwokupedzisira Shanduro yakabudiswa muna 1970, rakabudiswa kuzivisa imba "Art".

Bulgakov kuti unyengeri anouya mhuri - uyo anovaponesa pakukanganisa zvose. Saka, Nina, mwanasikana Sarafanova rinoratidza musimboti chikomba, dzenhando Kudimov. Vasya anofunga pamusoro, kuti arege kupinda musango. Gagarin uye anovaponesa Sarafanova Sr., achimupa kumeso yakawanda mwanakomana wake mumwe. Iye wakafanana kufema mhepo yakachena kumhuri iyi. Zviri yokufananidzira kuti panopera magamba kumba pasina Silva, shamwari Busygina, uye pasina dzinokosha Kudimov. Ivo, maererano Vampilov - mbiri zvakanyanyisa pfungwa isina nzvimbo muupenyu hwangu.

We kutamba mhete sezvamunoita: pakupera Bulgakov uyewo anosuwa chitima yake manheru.

Kuongororwa chigadzirwa, "mwanakomana wedangwe"

It sokuti uri nyore zano: knavery Busygina anotarisira patinodziya mushana, patinoravira. Asi hwakazara mibvunzo yakadzika wakabvunzwa muverengi Alexander Vampilov. mabasa ake, uye izvi zvakasiyana nezvaanoreva, izvo avhurira muverengi kuti chisingaoneki chikamu iceberg. Muna kutamba, pamire dambudziko husingaperi wamadzibaba nevana. Zvinosuruvarisa mashoko mwanakomana wake Sarafanova Vassenka kuti vakuru havafaniri vabereki vana. Very kwouzivi kusvika nenyaya Vampilov uye zvinoreva upenyu. Ndiani Sarafanov ndiani? Jona, uyo akanga adzingwa basa kubva kubasa, akasiya mudzimai wake nevana nokukurumidza. Zvisinei, akanga asina mwoyo uye anotenda kuti munhu akanaka kuuya zvinozoitika hazvo chinhu chakanaka. Uye zvakarurama.

"Duck Hunt": pfupiso uye nekungorora

Zvinosuruvarisa anovandudza hwevanhu "kurega kunotanga" nguva. Zvakakwana isina tsika Nezvigadziko Pfungwa hwaro, vanoenda aibuda, achiparadza hwavo. Ndizvo protagonist kuti "Duck Hunt" kutamba ZILOV. Riri mune yakadzika yomudzimu dambudziko.

Play kunotanga chokuti vamwe musuo wake akawana chishongo pamariro nemashoko shungu kero yake. Zviri yokufananidzira chaizvo, nokuti mupfungwa ZILOV anga akafa kwenguva yakareba. Gare gare muna mutambo Vampilov izvi uchapupu husingarambiki.

Gamba avigire dzinotevedzana kunonakidza, gulyanok, vanoda uye nhema.

Galina mukadzi akaziva pavo hapana kupfuura chimedu fenicha, chinhu haana kuisa uye Kutenda, vatenzikadzi vake. Kunyange baba vangu pachangu, kukumbira musangano, Akamboramba Zilov kunzvimbo wechipiri (uye saka mutana anofa, vasina akasangana mwanakomana wake). Hero anoda nezvezvandisina Dhadha kuvhima, izvo angangotadza kusangana rimwe zuva. mufananidzo uyu chinopenya kwazvo kutamba, izvozvo inomirira kukundikana huru hunhu.

Zvinoshamisa sei zvakarurama wakavhomorwa Vampilov munhukadzi kutaurwa: munhu Petite, kuputsika Galina mukadzi Zilov, mupfungwa, dzimwe nguva kunaka Vera, Valeria uye revatongi wechidiki mudzidzi Irina anoda protagonist zvechokwadi.

Senguva dzose, nyaya Kwemitambo protagonist munyori kunosiya rakavhurika, achitarisira muchivande kuti zvichaitika.

"Last zhizha Chulimsk": pfupiso

The kutamba inotiudza reruwa muzinda mudunhu. Mutambi mukuru, Valentina, anoda dzendege Shamanov, uyo asina kamwe, asi iye unozobatsirawo. Uyewo Ndaifarira musikana, uye Pauro, uyo akanga asvika kuvabereki vake pazororo. Jaya iri raparadzwa kwazvo, ari kushandiswa kuwana zvose zvamunoda. Valentine sezvo mukadzi aida chete yakanaka kuwedzera rimwe furati guta, sezvo izvozvo kumhanya upfumi pasina zvinetso.

Usada musikana kuroorwa zvakanaka, pachirehwa mhirizhonga naye. Achitukwa, iye anoramba kupfimbwa Shamanov maoko uye Inosendamira kuti chisarudzo kuroorwa Pasha, sezvo achida baba ichi. Pakupedzisira, zvisinei, anoramba varume.

Kuongororwa "yezhizha Last Chulimsk"

Vampilov anomuita kutamba chakakomba zvikuru mubvunzo: upenyu vechidiki muruwa, vagari tsika. Zvechokwadi, napo kuchengeta mukomana kana pedyo neimba tsika vanofanira kuenda makiromita mashoma, uye yemitambo unoratidzei kare vaiona zvose matepi. Ndokusaka mukomana chinonzvenga kana pamuka inveterate chidhakwa.

Ko bindu rokufananidzira chaizvo chinoshongedzera Valentine: zvose kunze Shamanov kumhanya zvakananga pamusoro payo, uye nokuputsa, uye musikana kuteerera anonaya. Vampilov anoda kutaura izvi kuti vanhu vanoda haana kuchinja: mumwe nokukoromora, apo vamwe achapora. Pane imwe subtext: achitukwa, ndokutsika nokukudzwa Valentine Day. Zviri kwokufananidzira chaizvo kuti munda kunobatsira kudzorera nevashamani. Pamwe, pashure zvose, ndiye murume pakupedzisira achaponesa musikana? Sezvo zvimwe anotamba Vampilov - ichi chinoita chete kufembera.

mumwe-chiito kutamba

Yakakurumbira pfupi anotamba Vampilov "Nyaya Muiti" uye "Minutes Twenty nengirozi." Vakanga zvakanyorwa pakutanga chaipo hwake mabhuku basa. Zvizhinji akazotevera zvidimbu zvabatanidzwa mu rimwe bhuku "Provincial anecdote."

Zviri akakodzera chaizvo zita chaizvoizvo, nokuti, mberi tsika Pushkin, Vampilov anonyora nyaya pfupi pamusoro kujairika zviitiko zvakanyatsoitika. Zvisinei, munyori kunounza chinhu chitsva kune mabhuku kukosha ichi rokuti: pamabwe, kujairika nemagumo.

Haasi masanga muzita uye shoko "dzematunhu". Saka Vampilov Akakwezva muverengi kuti dambudziko iri kure upenyu guta nemisha, apo pane nzira inokosha youpenyu, mafungiro, uye upenyu.

Ava chete-chiito Mitambo - rudzi springboard nokuda inokosha mabasa munyori kuti vakaisa chinokosha mibvunzo ouzivi tsika: "Duck Hunt" uye "Last zhizha Chulimsk".

prose

Vanotsvakurudza okugadzira zvinhu Vampilov nenzwi rimwe kutaura kuti kana upenyu hwake richivezwa hupfupi saka mangwanani, Alexander V. kuti hazvo zvakabudisa yokufungidzira, uye zvichida kunyange zvakawanda. Kutanga ichi vaiva pachena zvinoonekwa.

Kumboda prose akanyorwa se jaya munyori - mudzidzi wepayunivhesiti uye mushandi ari pepanhau. Zvino kubva peni yake ose yokunyora nokudhirowa, zvinyorwa, satires. Zvisinei, zvigadzirwa maviri vanotova vakura nguva okugadzira zvinhu Vampilov: 1965 akanyorwa skit "Chimwe Chinhu mukurumbira", uye muna 1966 - "Vitimsky chiitiko." Mukuwedzera, panguva iyoyowo Alksandr V. anonyora essays pamusoro Kutulik.

prose All Vampilov sangana nyaya dzavo, matambudziko, kuti mune mabasa inoshamisa. Images Shamanov, Jakobho pano akaratidza Black, Valentina, Pasha, zviitiko zviri "Duck Hunt" uye "Sarai muna June".

Prose siyana exigencies satire-kunangidzirwa unhu vatambi. Inogona kuenzaniswa mabasa Zoshchenko uye Olesha.

Kwete kugamuchira kuzivikanwa kubva kuruzhinji uye vaverengi Alexander Vampilov. Rate mabhuku zvesimba yakatanga zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvisinei, chokwadi chokuti zvose zvake Mitambo mikuru vakanga pakupedzisira kufanorongwa vaikudzwa dzemitambo, uye vazhinji kuitwa firimu, kutaura vanhu chaivo rudo uye kukurumidza vanotongwa mabasa.