Hasim Island, Japan. chitsuwa guta dongo Hasim

Munhau yose yevanhu hwakavaka zhinji maguta uye dzimba hombe, idzo gare gare vakanga yakasiyiwa. Imwe yenzvimbo yakadaro - guta-chitsuwa Hasim. Kwemakore mashanu, nzvimbo iyi nyika yakakurumbira kudarika dzimwe panyika: riri chaizvoizvo zvinofamba zvakawanda nevanhu vose, uye upenyu hwaiva chipatapata. Zvisinei, mamiriro ezvinhu akachinja kwemakumi emakore vakasiya chitsuwa Hasim. Chii chakaitika kwaari? Nei pasina mumwezve anogara?

pachitsuwa

Last omunharaunda mugari Hasim nechepamusoro chikepe ndopinda Nagasaki vafamba April 20, 1974-ndipo. Kubvira ipapo, mukuru-simuka zvivakwa, rakavakwa kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, vanogara kunze zvisingawanzoitiki gulls ...

Hasim chitsuwa, iyiwo nyaya iri nhasi pota nenyika, iri kumaodzanyemba Japan, muna East Sea China, gumi chete kubva Nagasaki. zita raro Japanese rinoreva "kwekumaodzanyemba chitsuwa", anonziwo Hasim Gunkandzimoy - "chitsuwa-yehondo." Chokwadi chokuti kunyange 1920 wepepanhau venhau akacherechedza kuti Hasim ari siluetti afanane rakakura chikepe mutsetse "Tosa", iyo panguva iyoyo panguva shipyard muna Nagasaki aiva kuvaka sangano "Mitsubishi". Uye kunyange zvazvo pfungwa kuti flagship yehondo Japanese Navy "chikepe" havasi mhanza zvakakwana kuti riitike, iro zita remadunhurirwa rokuti zvakasimba vachikoshesa kuchitsuwa.

Zvisinei, Hasim saka dzinonyatsotiratidza akatarisa nguva. Kusvikira pakuguma namapfumbamwe remakore yaiva mumwe zhinji matombo zvitsuwa zviri pedyo Nagasaki, wevaduku kushandiswa nokuda hwandaiva upenyu uye apo neapo ashanyirwa shiri dzomunzvimbo saka varedzi.

kuchinja

All kuti zvakachinja panguva 1880s. Japan zvino dzichidzidzisa kwemaindasitiri, umo chinokosha zvinhu ndiyo marasha. Musi pedyo kuchitsuwa Takashima Hasim vakanga kushandiswa kungaitwa pane manyuko mbishi zvinhu anogona kupa kukurumidza Evolving Nagasaki metallurgia indasitiri. Kubudirira Takashima zvangu pave chokuti musi Hasim nokukurumidza, muna 1887, yokutanga wangu rakavambwa Fukahori mhuri dzavo. Muna 1890, akatenga boka pachitsuwa "Mitsubishi", uye akatanga kufambira kukura kwayo zviwanikwa.

Nokufamba kwenguva, nyika marasha aifanira more ... The kambani "Mitsubishi", iro rine anenge mapfumo mari, akatanga chirongwa kuti pemvura dzokubudisa kuti Tourism pamusoro Hasim. Muna 1895, itsva wangu, ine kudzika 199 metres wakavhurwa pano uye muna 1898 - mumwe. Pakupedzisira, pasi chitsuwa uye negungwa rakapoteredzwa makaumba labyrinth pamusoro pemvura uye pevhu mabasa kuti kudzika mamita matanhatu pazasi pegungwa.

kuvaka

Zvikaramba kubva tsvina yangu padombo boka "Mitsubishi" rinoshandiswa kuwedzera munharaunda Hasim. urongwa kuvaka yakazokudziridzwa pachitsuwa rimwe guta kurarama miners uye netsvimbo. Izvi zvakanga zvakafanira kuti chido kuderedza mari, nekuti nezuva aifanira kudzikinurwa nomugungwa vachambokanganwa pano kubva Nagasaki.

Saka, somugumisiro "reconquering" nzvimbo zvePacific chitsuwa Hasim yakawedzera kusvika 6.3 hectares. Kureba kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva kwaiva 160 metres, uye kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba - 480 metres. Company "Mitsubishi" muna 1907, akapoteredzwa nomunharaunda rusvingo kongiri, waimira sokunotadzisa kupera munyika nzvimbo rinogara madutu uye gungwa.

Large-pamwero kuvaka Hasimy rakatanga muna 1916, apo pakange mined nokuda 150 zviuru matani marasha pagore, uye raiva nevanhu vanhu 3000. Kwemakore 58, kufunga vanomutswa pano 30 kumusoro-simuka zvivakwa, zvikoro, machechi, kukireshi, chipatara, tsvimbo nokuti miners, kushambira madziva, mumwe mabhaisikopo nezvimwe zvivako. Oga zvitoro vaiva zvidimbu vanenge 25. Pakupedzisira, siluetti chacho akatanga akafanana yehondo "Tosa" uye Hasim akawana zita remadunhurirwa rokuti kwayo.

dzinogarwa zvivako

Wokutanga chivakwa guru musi Hasim aiva inonzi House Glover, zvichipomerwa yakagadzirwa ne wokuScotland injiniya Thomas Glover. It muchivigiro kushanda muna 1916. Residential imba nokuti miners chinhu-storey nomwe chivako mubindu remba uye chitoro pasi pasi uye akanga Japan yokutanga yanyatsosimba kongiri chinhu kukura iyi. pakati pachitsuwa makore maviri gare gare akanga avaka hombe-pamwero chokugara dzakaoma Nikkyu. Kutaura zvazviri, Hasim Island (mufananidzo mudzimba anogona kuonekwa munyaya) yaiva Yokuedzera kwenguva itsva chivakwa zvinhu, izvo akabvumira kuvaka zvivako kare sanzwisisika akamboona.

In shoma chaizvo nzvimbo chero vanhu vakaedza kushandisa nzvimbo nokuchenjera. Pakati zvivako yakamanikana muzvivanze akaronga duku ruzhinji mapindu pakuzvivaraidza kuti vagari. Iye zvino Hasim - Island-chiratidzo risina munhu mupenyu, uye painenge dzine vanhu vakawanda. Kuvaka Zvivako dzinogarwa haana kurega kunyange panguva Second World War, kunyange mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yacho nayo ndakadaro. Uye ichi chaiva tsananguro: nevaAnabaptist umambo chaidiwa mafuta.

yehondo

Mumwe nzvimbo dzokunamatira pachitsuwa ndiye "Stairway kuGehena" - raiita zvisingaperi simuka, zvichitungamirira Senpukuji temberi. Hapana anoziva vachiri zvaiita Hasim vagari vakawanda "hellish" - kukunda mazana pamawere matanho kana kutevera dzinza ichi munzvimbo labyrinth migwagwa guta yakatetepa, kazhinji kunyimwa chezuva. Nenzira, kusvikira temberi vanhu vaigara pachitsuwa Hasim (Japan), ainyepa, nokuda miners 'basa - iri ngozi chaizvo basa. Munguva yehondo, miners zhinji vaitorwa kupinda muchiuto, basa kwezvokudya hanya "Mitsubishi" rinoumbwa kuti Korean uye Chinese vashandi pamutemo. Vakatambudzwa hafu-vachiziya kuvapo uye utsinye vanoparadza mumigodhi vakatanga zviuru zvevanhu: vamwe vakafa nezvirwere uye kuneta, apo vamwe vakaurayiwa kunourayiwa. Dzimwe nguva vanhu kunyange vakamhanyira chaizvo parusvingo pachitsuwa somumvuri kuedza kushambira kuti 'mainland'.

kupora

Pashure pehondo, upfumi Japanese vakatanga akurumidze kupora. 1950s akava "yendarama" nokuti Hasim: kambani "Mitsubishi" zvava kuenderana nenzira kuita mabhizimisi, mutaundi remigodhi akazarura chikoro uye muchipatara. Muna 1959 vanhu zvasvika Parainge. 6.3 ha munyika, izvo muzana 60 chete vaiva livable, anodzivirira vanhu 5259. Hasim chitsuwa panguva haana muvengi munyika iri zviratidzi dzakadai "vokuparidzira arambe achirema": rimwe hectare zvawanikwa vanhu 1391. Vashanyi vanosvika nhasi chinangwa karwendo pachitsuwa matongo Hasim, zvakaoma kudavira kuti kunyange makore 55 apfuura, dzinogarwa nzvimbo dzakanga sezvariri pamu nevanhu.

Tichiyambuka "yehondo"

Chokwadi, motokari yakanga pachitsuwa. Uye nei vachifanira, kana, sezvo vanhu veko vanoti, kuti kubva kumugumo mumwe Hasim anogona kuva dzichimhanya kupfuura mudzanga? In ekunze kuchinaya, zvinotokosha amburera vasiri kudiwa: kwounyanzvi inovhiringidza yokuchinja wakafukidzwa maberere, corridors uye manera rinobatanidza anenge zvose zvivako, saka, uye makuru, vanhu vasina chikonzero kugara mumba.

akanyatsorongwa

Hasim chitsuwa chaiva nzvimbo yakaoma munzanga akanyatsorongwa apo ushe. Uyewo zvichibvira zvinoratidzwa yavaive pokugara. Saka, achitarisira kuti yangu "Mitsubishi" akatora chete pachitsuwa rimwe-storey imba, yakavakirwa pamawere. Doctors, mamaneja, vadzidzisi vaigara akaparadzana dzimba rimwe mubhedhuru, zvikuru wakapamhama Apartments ne private kicheni uye kuchimbuzi. The Mhuri miners vakanga dzinounzwa nemakamuri maviri furati 20 mativi metres, asi pasina yayo kicheni, Mvura uye chimbuzi - izvi zvinhu zvaishandiswa "pasi". Lonely miners, uyewo nemwaka vashandi vaigara mumakamuri munzvimbo 10 mativi metres mudzimba akavaka muno mukutanga remakore rechi20.

Hanya "Mitsubishi" anowanikwa dzinonzi private-Hasim udzvinyiriri. The boka, kune rumwe rutivi, zvichipa miners mabasa, kupa munhu mari, dzimba, uye pane dzimwe - kumanikidza vanhu anofarira paruzhinji mabasa: kuchenesa nzvimbo Namakamuri muzvivako.

Pazviri 'mainland'

The miners akapa Japan kodzero yake marasha, uye kuvapo kwavo zvachose novimba zvokuyamura kubva 'mainland' mbatya, zvokudya, kana kunyange mvura. Pano kusvikira kuma1960 haana chirimwa kusvikira 1963 kusvika Hasim pamwe Kyushu haana kununura ivhu, zvichiita kuti zviparadzanise mapindu pamusoro pamatenga nezvivakwa uye kuronga nemapindu diki uye voruzhinji nemapindu vari vashoma vakasununguka nzvimbo. Chete ipapo anogona vagari 'chigadzirwe' aigona kuita kunyange kukura mirivo.

Hasim - Phantom Island

Back mukutanga Kuma1960. zvaiita kuti chiwi chinonzi kumirira ramangwana rakajeka. Asi pamusana rutapudzo mutengo chemafuta panopera makore gumi dzokubvisa marasha hwakawedzera maturo. Munyika, akavhara vangu, ndicho chitsuwa chiduku kuMabvazuva Sea China vachazopedzisira vava nedambudziko rimwe reorientation pakati vokuJapan pakushandisa "ndarama dema". In mangwanani 1974 hanya "Mitsubishi" akazivisa liquidation pamusoro Hasim mumigodhi March kuvhara chikoro. Wokupedzisira mugari akasiya "yehondo" musi April 20. Kubvira ipapo, mweya guta-chitsuwa Hasim, uyo kwemakore 87 pamwe nemabasa akadai vakavakazve, irreversibly kuparadzwa. Nhasi iye anoshumira kare shongwe yacho Japanese muvanhu.

mushanyi rwendo

Kwenguva refu Hasim rave akavharwa kuvafambi kubva yakavakwa yokutanga yezana rechi20 chivakwa remakore ari kushingaira dzakaora. Asi kubva 2009, zviremera zvakatanga kurambidza chitsuwa vose. Vashanyi mune yakachengeteka chikamu "yehondo" chaiyo kufamba nzira yave vakarongeka.

Uye kwete kare Hasim chitsuwa chine kukwezvwa kunyange zvakawanda nezvayo. The sefungu mubereko akasimuka pashure nokubudiswa okupedzisira yakakura pamusoro adventures Jakobho Bond, Britain 007. inogara Raoul Silva, chikuru akaipa pamusoro firimu "Coordinates Skayfoll", filmed muna 2012, yakanga pachena akanga zvakakopwa pamwe Hasim, pasinei nokuti firimu akapfurwa mu setende Pinewood Studios.

Virtual rwokuparidza

Nhasi, vamwe iyi zvave vaitaura kuti vavakezve chitsuwa yose, nokuti ayo toerisme kwaniso hwakakura kwazvo. Vanoda kuronga pano pakachena-mhepo Museum uye vanosanganisira Hasim UNESCO. Zvisinei, kudzorera dzakawanda zvezvivako chakasakara riri dzinodhura, uye mari zvinangwa izvi zvakaoma kufungidzira.

Zvisinei, iye zvino vachidzungaira kuburikidza inovhiringidza yokuchinja "yehondo" anogona kuva munhu, pasina pamba. Google Street View muna July 2013 vakaita ongororo yakaitwa pachitsuwa, uye ikozvino vagere panyika anogona kuonekwa bedzi kutigumbura Hasim dzisingambosvikiki kuvafambi panguva asiwo kunoona kudzimba miners, akasiya zvivako tisatarise zvinhu zvezuva nezuva uye zvinhu vakandirwa kunze.

Hasim Island - chiratidzo nehasha yokuberekwa hombe maindasitiri muJapan, izvo panguva iyoyo anoratidza kuti kunyange pasi kumabvazuva, hapana huchavapo nokusingaperi.