Yak-130: zvekushandisa nokurondedzerwa, tsananguro uye kudzokorora zano

Yose anodarika remakore avhiyesheni nhoroondo "ichibhururuka yebato" michina vakanga chokuita sharuka mhando. It anotenda kuti mutyairi ramangwana vanofanira kudzidza utariri unyanzvi kutanga panguva chinhu chete usati kupinda nzvimbo yemutekenyi ndege ano. tsika iyi yakanga yatyora OKB vagadziri navo. A. S. Yakovleva uye NPK "Irkut", akasika Yak-130 nokurondedzerwa anouya pedyo parameters ari interceptors wechina, uye mune dzimwe nzira kunyange cheshanu zvizvarwa.

"Shiri Party"

Kwemakore makumi mana, zvinobhururuka zvikoro anoshandiswa zvemuchadenga kurovedza Czechoslovakian L-29 uye L-39. Kare, remangwana vezvikepe vakarovedzwa pamusoro Yak-52, kunyange adarika - the Yak-18. Pamberi hondo, "kubhururutsa dhesiki" vakashumira yakakurumbira U-2 (ainziwo Po-2). Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union uye mugovanisi musasa michina, akaumba Technology Park zvikoro yakakwirira avhiyesheni, kukwegura, kwete tsika chete, asiwo kupfuura nyore, zvinhu pfungwa. Regai unokupai kwete chete ndege pacharo, asiwo handingadariki zvikamu, uye upenyu basa iri zvishoma nezvishoma inonetesa. Zvinhu yakanga yakawedzera neboka lag unyanzvi kudzidziswa hwaro pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo muna Air Force, uyo akatanga kusvika azvino interceptor hurongwa uye pamberi third-29 uye Su-27. On L-39 kudzidzisa vezvikepe kuti muchina ano zvava matambudziko, kana kwete hazviiti. Uyezve, muRussia paiva chokudzidzisa chikoro mutyairi, izvo vakanakidzwa yakakwirira mukurumbira dzakawanda uye kurasikirwa musika ichi zvaizova zvakaipa.

Mukutanga 90-ies murayiro pamusoro Air Forces of USSR akatanga magadzirirwo basa mumunda pakusika ano kudzidzisa ndege. Pakupedzisira, yakanakisisa kwave kuchizivikanwa sezvo Yak-130: hwokugadzira maitiro chinonyanya kunoenderana zvido nemauto. Zvino, zvisinei, kwete pakarepo, aiva pamberi makwikwi.

kwikwidzana vakasarudzwa

maonero avo pamusoro mavakirwo remangwana pamusoro UGC (kurovedza yakaoma) rakashuma muna mangwanani 1991, vana KB:

- "Sukhoi".

- ANPK "third".

- OKB. A. S. Yakovleva.

- EMZ navo. VM Myasishcheva.

TTZ yaiumbwa zvishoma kujeka, uye saka yakasiyana pfungwa. "Sukhoi" zvinganaka muenzaniso C-54, iri shanduro interceptor Su-27, dzakashandisa zvinangwa pakudzidza. muchina Izvi zvinonyanya unoenderana kurovedza atozvionera vezvikepe kupfuura beginners. OKB, kunzwisisa zvinetso zvoupfumi munyika vakasarudza kuderedza mari, uye somugumisiro vanowana isingadhuri, asi regai zvikuru kusangana zvomurayiro Air Force ndege. In myasishchev mubvunzo akauya creatively nokupa yakagozha shanduro, zvinosanganisira chete "mapapiro mapato" uye pasi kudzidzisa yakaoma, asi zvishoma Akatapa, uye basa racho kudhura, kunze kwete mapatya-injini, sezvinoratidzwa gate. Vose vakabudirira yakovlevtsy, akakwanisa kuramba anongoda zvose zvinodiwa optimally. Sagittal pedyo kuitika zano, ndege mabasa ari Yak-130, uye boka zvaungasarudza muchimiro chadzo uye Maitiro simulators yakavakirwa makombiyuta uye makirasi kombiyuta akapa zvimwe zvakwakanakira. Mikoyan uye Yakovlev, vakakumbirwa kushandira pamwe - maererano Mutongo Scientific uye Technical Committee of Air Force, kuti zvibvumirano nevanhu vaviri kugadzirwa bureaus kunge akagumisa.

vatorwa vakaroorana

Nezvinetso mamiriro mari makore rokutanga ariko yakazvimirira Russia zvinonyatsoziva kuvazivisa. KB nokuti kugadzirisa matambudziko nemamiriro kudikanwa kuwana makambani. Kunyanya, chirongwa akaratidza kufarira kambani French "Turbomeca" (injini) uye "Thomson" (Avionics), kusangana nematambudziko panyaya dzivharwe "Alpha Jet" chirongwa. Ataurwa chinangwa pamwe uye vokuItaly (zvakasimba ndege mugadziri "Ermakki"), uyewo rikazvisundira nokuda musika yeBritain. Panguva iyi, zvakazozivikanwa chimwe chinokosha yokutengesa rutivi ndechokuti zviri "wakachena" kurovedza ndege angangotadza kuva mukuru kudiwa pamisika, asi kana rinogona kushandiswa zvakare sezvo hondo, yakasiyana nyaya. Zvakazozivikanwa kuti yakanyatsokodzera Yak-130, tactical uye michina maitiro iyo, kusanganisira operative siyana, uremu akasimudza mutoro, kumhanya uye agility, inoenderana dzimwe zvinodiwa.

Aerodynamics uye zvinonyatsorehwa magadzirirwo

Vamwe kuchinja zvinodiwa kunooneka pakuonekwa airframe: mhino yake akava rounder (zvino akagadzwa Radar kana Manyiminya-nzvimbo chiteshi). zvino aifanira kudzidzisa kwete Russian asiwo dzimwe vezvikepe chete, uye zvinofanira kufungwa Nhoroondo pamasikiro Yak-130. Technical zvechadenga achangobuda michina sezvo Russian Su-27 uye third-29 uye US F-16, vave nokungwarira vakaongorora. It Vakawana kuti ndege aifanira kuwedzera kunonyanyisa kwekona yokurwiswa kusvika 40 ° uye kunyange yepamusoro. Kazhinji, ari maneuverability inodiwa. General aerodynamics vakawana akafanana zano vakagamuchirwa nokuda rechishanu-chizvarwa interceptor, kusanganisira Kunyanya Maumbirwe bapiro rayo yakakwirira Mechanisation, zvose-uchifamba stabilizer uye wehunyambiri muswe haachatauri mberi.

Simulator uye demonstrator

Chinonyanya kukosha zvimiso pakagadzwa chokurovedza ndege itsva yakanga kushandiswa nebudiriro ichangoburwa digitaalinen ruzivo. Hwaro zvose hurongwa muchikepe Russian simbi midziyo yemagetsi uye zvokushandisa, kusanganisira Integrated digitaalinen-waya SU uye reprogramming kukwanisa kumisa mufananidzo ndege kuti mutyairi kuchabhururuka. Mukuwedzera, muna kutanga munguva ndege kurovedza "akavimbika" kuti kadheti ruzivo, iye anokanganwira naye, uye ipapo kunova dzakawanda yakaoma. The Russian Air Force kazhinji simulated Flights pana Su uye MiGs, asi, pfungwa, hapana chakaoma kusika fungidziro rokudzora European "Mirage-2000", "Rafał", "Dutu" kana kuti American F-18, F- 16 uye F-15 uye F-35, kunyange vachipinda chirongwa Simulator pamusoro tactical uye michina maitiro. Yak-130D (dzimwe tsamba zvinoreva "demonstrator") akaita ndege yayo yokutanga muna April 1996.

zvekunze kuturika

Kana zvakakodzera, ndege kungashandiswa ndisingafungiri chimwe.

Matani matatu zvombo uye mabhomba anogona kutakura Yak-130. Technical maitiro, kusanganisira mwero kukwira uye maneuverability, mune zvakakwana monica gadziriro, Chokwadi, achawana kuipa, asi akabvumira iri huye dutu ekushandiswa maererano mhepo youkuru.

Zvichitevera mukuru pfungwa yezvisikwa chikumbiro, vagadziri akashongedzerwa ndege sere kuturika magungano pasi pemapapiro uye mumwe ventral pylon. Zvombo zvinogona kusvitsa uwandu siyana:

- P SD-73 "mhepo-kuti-mhepo" - 4 bv.

- X SD-25M "mhepo-pose" - 4 bv.

- Nursaya mu kutigumbura ub-32, O-IP-25 uye vamwe gauges (57 266 mm.) - zvichienderana neuwandu pendants.

- mabhomba 250 kana 500 makirogiramu (kusanganisira concrete-) - maererano uremu kurambidzwa.

- makaseti bhomba RBK-500.

- Motokari dzehondo incendiary ST-500.

- Containers Cannon.

Kuwedzera nharaunda yose muhondo imwe kana zvitatu vanofamba Pamativi kungashandiswa nokuda kuturika yakawedzerwa mafuta matangi.

zvinoitwa

Objective zviratidzo zvinoshamisa, kunyanya kufunga iduku kana ichienzaniswa uye kurema Yak-130.

The yakarongwa chokupika ari Yak-130:

• kureba - 11 245 mm;
• mapapiro - 9720 mm;
• kukwirira - 4760 mm;
• kunonyanyisa yasimuka uremu - kusvika 9 M;
• rwisana mutoro - 3 M;
• kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza - 1,050 km / h;
• hunoshanda siringi - 12,000 M;
• zadzisa pamusoro +8 Distância à G kuti -3G;
• zvinobvumidzwa angled kurwisa - 40 ddeg.
• siyana pasina PTB - kusvika 1060? km;
• Chikepe kure pasina PTB - kusvika 2000? Km;
• yasimuka kureba - 335 M;
• tora-kure nokukurumidza - 195 km / h;
• kumhara havukavu - 180 km / h;
• lifespan - zviuru 10 ndege maawa kana karenda makore 30 ..

mamiriro hurongwa

Panoperera kwemireniyumu nyaya vezvikepe vemauto yekudyidzana wakaderedzwa tichienzanisa nguva Soviet. Zvisinei, mukuwedzera kuzvikoro, izvo kune vatatu chete, kudiwa itsva motokari bvunzo nzvimbo kudzidzisazve zvikwata. Uyezve, mutengo huni okupedzisira makore gumi yakura zvikuru uye kunyatsoshanda kwayo kuyerera exchange (kubva 600 l / h) kubva zvatinosiita L-39 zvakanaka ano Yak-130. Description, kuita maitiro, mukana piloting kurovedza pamusoro michina mhando dzakasiyana - izvi zvose anokonzerwa kutanga Serial kweShanduro UTi idzva.

tarisiro

The huru mutengi - the Russian Air Force. Ndege yakaitwa musi naAshipenazi "Sokol" ane mwero vanenge gumi nevaviri motokari pagore. Órgãos akaronga kudzidzisa regiments Krasnodar. Air Force Wehondo General of Army Vladimir Mikhailov azvionera Yak-130. Technical zvechadenga ndege, maneuverability, zvakawanda aimhanya uye nyore kushanda vakaita vakanaka. Mumakore kuuya nhamba motokari mukurovedza dzakabatana uye kudzidzisa nzvimbo achawedzerwa mazana matatu, uye zvachose kukura kumusika, kusanganisira dzimwe vatengi, nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti nhamba 1000.