Yamal dema buri. Yamal mwena: dzidziso chitarisiko, tsananguro, Photo

Yamal Black Buri - saka chakazonzi enigmatic mwena, pakarepo akabuda ari kuchamhembe iri Yamal Peninsula. Iye zvakashamisa masayendisiti kudzika guru uye kusimba kumeso micheto Dip steeply nokuburuka kupinda muura enyika. Kudivi rimwe, gomba afanane karst idzodzo, pane dzimwe - dambiro romukondombera kuputika. Above chakavanzika anomalies masayendisiti vatamburira kwemakore akawanda.

History yakawanikwa

The Yamal Peninsula - mumwe coldest nenzvimbo Russia. Ivhu thaws muzhizha chete mita rakadzika. More zvinoshamisa zvakanga kuwanikwa pakati eumambo achinaya mvura guru mwena kudzika vakawanda mamita. Sezvo vatyairi vanoti saizi yaro iri hunonzi vabvumirwe kunyura kusvika pasi apo helicopters akawanda.

Yamal gomba, Photo pakarepo izvo akafamba kumativi achitungamirira nhau munyika, anofungidzirwa kuumbwa mumatsutso 2013. Chokutanga vhidhiyo wechisikigo chakajairika, filmed kubva neherikoputa, yakabudiswa 10/07/2014. Muvhiki imwe, boka remasayendisiti, vatori venhau uye vashandi vanonunura kokutanga akaongorora zvisingatarisirwi kuwanikwa. Sezvo zvinoitika, sayenzi haina ruzivo pamberi chete yakafanana chinhu.

kwaunenge

Yamal mwena iri eponymous Russian kweItari kumaodzanyemba Bovanenkovo gasi condensate munda (makiromita anenge 30) kumavirira rwizi muzzle-Jaha (17 km). Region runobva kuna bioclimatic subzone zvemo achinaya mvura.

Kune hova zhinji uye madhamu diki muzhizha, permafrost ndokuwarira pamusoro munzvimbo huru. Naizvozvo, karst hunhu kukundikana dzidzo rakanga rave pakutanga.

Yamal dema neburi: kwakabva dzidziso

Vanodzidza merzlovedy, climatologists vari kudzidza Yamal asinganzwisisiki mwena kumativi uye cylindrical zvitarisiko vane anotsvedzerera micheto hwatsvuka. Origin yakakura Dip dhayamita vanenge 60 mamita kuchengetwa July 2014 pa Yamal. Papera chinguva akawana maviri akafanana asinganzwisisiki neburi diki: pamusoro peninsulas Gydansky uye Taimyr. Zvainoreva zviitiko kunge zvakapararira zvinoverengeka polar shanduro. Pakati zvikonzero yakaratidza:

• Karst dips kana pasi akageza mhango guru padombo, uye okumusoro pasi rukoko iri rakachengetedzwa.
• Yanyungudiswa chando chivhariso.
• Methane kuputika.
• Kuwa meteorite.
• UFO dzidziso. Zvichipomerwa muvhu raiva chinhu nevanhu.

ngozi kuwanikidza

Tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzakaitwa masayendisiti Russian akasimudza chifukidzo pachivande. Maererano Vanodzidza, Yamal gomba, kudzika - 200 m, ane evasingatombonamati dzinongoitika chinoshamisa. pano unonakidza asi mafungiro akasiyana. Vamwe vanoti paumbwe dips vane leaching ivhu pevhu rwizi kana Geological urongwa, simba dzomunyika kwokudzvinyirira kwomunhu nyika. Zvimwe zviremera vanoti mwena yakaumbwa mushure Kuputika.

Mhedziso nyanzvi pakati kuSiberia davi Ras kuridza chinonetsa. Maererano masayendisiti, hombe matura "rwokuzvarwa zvinoputika" mudura repasi nechepasi. Akariisa makona dzakawanda dzenyika, ipapo kunogona kuitika muhombe Kuputika kukonzerwa nokuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. A wandei Vanodzidza rinoti: "Migumisiro kukazonyanyisa pane yechando yenyukireya."

Secrets Zvakaziviswa?

Yamal Dip kwakakurudzira voruzhinji. Pakati vagari kwaive "rangano pfungwa": kubva UFO mazano yokuedza chombo supernova. Masayendisiti uyewo rinotiudzei nezvoUmambo hunhu zvoga.

Mimwe nemijenya pamusoro kukundikana kwakaratidza Kuwanda methane mamorekuru. Saizvozvowo, theorizes kuti mugomba yakaumbwa mushure detonation kuti gasi hydrate. Pamusana permafrost, sezvamunoita izvozvi vari yakasimba ezvinhu. Zvisinei, kana kumira methane vaporizes pakarepo anowedzera kuti rakakura mavhoriyamu uye kukonzera kwebhosvo maturo. In Yamal, mumakore achangopfuura, yakanyorwa "ndinoiitawo" tembiricha zvinyorwa, pasi thaws kuti rebei kudzika. Vari zvakanyunguduka pamwe naye uye muchando "gasi matema".

Muna 1 mamita ³ methane hydrate rine 163 mamita ³ gasi. Kana gasi hunotanga dzinounzwa, muitiro anova aval (by kupararira velocity afanane renyukireya maitiro). Pane kuwedzera kukura simba kuti anogona kukanda munhu tani ivhu.

Yamal mwena uye Bermuda Triangle

Vanodzidza munguva ichangopfuura akawana: mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro hazvisi nemamwe kuti permafrost. Gas hydrate rinoungana mumvura panguva huru yakadzika Somuenzaniso, zvakawanda pamusoro pazasi Lake Baikal. Zvichida inosuruvarisa kunyangarika ngarava uye ndege munharaunda Bermuda Triangle chokuita methane. Anofungidzirwa, nemuGungwa munharaunda dziri rakakura accumulations ose hydrate. Kana gasi hauna chando uye compressed rakakura kuvafurira.

Kana kuchinja kuti goko paNyika, kudengenyeka dzinounzwa yakawanda methane, anomhanyira pemvura. Mvura anoshandura ehupfumi, akazadzwa tudukuduku matema akafanana Champagne uye anorasikirwa arambe achirema. Somugumisiro, asisiri abate zvikepe, uye ivo nyura. Kamwe mumhepo, methane achichinjwawo ehupfumi ayo, vachivhiringidza ndege.

zuva nhasi

Yamal rutema Buri hakuchina zvakadai. Kwemakore, akanga akazara uchanyangadika mvura uye zvishoma nezvishoma merges pamwe pedyo nedziva. The muitiro zvakateverwa thawing uye kuparadzwa vanoshingaira mabhanga.

More kuziva ndivo nezvapupu zvakawanda, uyo akarondedzera mwena inotungamirwa kwacho muna 2016. New Yamal kutadza yakatanga July 5 Seyakha kumadokero musha, uye akatarira semhare kuputika pamusoro giza. Simba Explosão chiutsi yakatora maawa anenge 4, asi kuti kuvaka gore nemaziso akasimuka kuti kukwirira makiromita mashanu.

Vashandi St. Petersburg Hydrological Institute kare Akaongorora nzvimbo iyi. Anozivikanwa nokuda kwazvo "mwena" makungwa, nowenyika yakakurumbira Yamal buri. The kudzika mumwe vakundi -. 71 mamita Uyezve, timers vanoyeuka kuti choutsi dzakadaro kunyange zvakaitika kare uye vakanga vaine kupenya moto.

zvisingafadzi. mhedziso

Chaizvo methane hydrate deposits vakapararira mhiri nyika. Climate nokudziya kungakonzera chiketani maitiro putika pasi pose. Mabhiriyoni ematani methane mune iyi, mamiriro ezvinhu uye kutungamirira vakawanda kutsakatika zvose upenyu. Naizvozvo Yamal dema buri chinhu chinokosha nyaya yokutsvakurudza.

Dzinonyora tembiricha makore 2015-2016 vakazvidza nokuumbwa craters itsva maduku. Ivo dziri vose zvakafanana okunze mapazi. Saka, ndiko kukurumidza kunyunguduka permafrost ndiko kunokonzera chiitiko chavo.

An nzira maonero

Kwete zvose kutsigira coherent dzidziso masayendisiti. Chokutanga, vatsoropodzi vanoti mavhundukiro ayo anotsvedzerera micheto ari mwena, iyo, kana simba methane choutsi akafukidzwa makatsemuka. Vanewo kushamiswa shoma vabudiswa dombo kuputika.

Zvichida Yamal mwena - Mugumisiro Larmor maturo, kureva, matambudziko mhepo rezuva iri polar kumatunhu pepasi ... Parukova mhosva nezvimedu, uchisangana kwenzvimbo, chando inonyunguduka, achiumba dzakanakira fomu mhete zvivako. Kana gwara dzenzvimbo kunokonzerwa yepasi pose nezvimedu rikauya vaunganidza makatsemuka kana gasi hydrate, zviri extruded panguva Larmor mucheto. Masayendisiti kudzidza kukundikana, regai kutonga kuti dzidziso.

Zvisinei, haagoni kukahadzika chaiwo rakatanga chinonakidza. Peninsula iri chaizvoizvo Dziine madziva maduku, saucers, vane yakawanda udzamu. Zviri pachena, vakanga akaumbwa akafanana Yamal kukundikana. Maererano zvidzidzo, azvaiitwa kwakaitika makore 8.000 apfuura, uye zvakare awedzera nemhaka mamiriro ekunze.