Zvatinoziva tsaukana zvinhu yakabatsira kuti paumbwe Atacama Desert?

The State of Chile kwaro chimiro, zvichida chinonyanya kushamisa chinhu munyika. Hazvina rakamanikana uye refu, pakugadzwa kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba nezviuru makiromita. Kana rakamanikana zviuno, riri pedyo nePacific Ocean, ane vakawanda kujairika nharaunda munyika. Zviri pano kuti driest gwenga wenyika - the Atacama. Ichi dzinongoitika hazvishamisi akazviratidza pano mamiriyoni emakore akapfuura. Asi chikuru chakavanzika nokuda vaongorori zvose ndicho chikonzero kuti nzvimbo iyi dongo yakaumbwa pakati pemakomo uye gungwa. Below isu tsanangura huru tsaukana zviri yakabatsira kuti paumbwe ari Atacama Desert, uye achaita chamber nhoroondo yaro uye unhu.

nharaunda

Atacama anonzi mugwenga mukuru pamusoro kondinendi yeSouth America. Uyezve, ichienzaniswa nedzimwe dzakadaro zvakafanana nyika, ane zvikuru dzisinganayi okunze, uyewo refu chaizvo munhoroondo mavambo. Kana dongo muna Antarctica yakatanga anenge mamiriyoni 10 apfuura, nyika munharaunda ino anotakurwa nemhepo kwave nemakore mamiriyoni 40. Zvisinei, nzizi nemakomo kuti tinosangana munzvimbo iyi Chile, hazvigoni kuenzaniswa Namibia kana shuga. Sand pano haana kudaro zvikuru pasi rinomiririrwa muchimiro padombo Rakasimbisa pamusoro-siyana matombo nevhu. In Akatame angawana mawere diki kuti zviparadzanise nzvimbo mumupata. The driest pakati pavo ndiye Moon. Pano, nyika kazhinji chena, uye hapana kunayisa kwemakore 400. Pamhenderekedzo nePacific Ocean uye duku chengarava uye guta, iro musha akasanganiswa vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 5.

Prehistoric nguva America

Yakavimbika kuona izvo tsaukana zvinhu vakabatsira kuti paumbwe Atacama murenje, hazvibviri, sezvo zvakanyorwa mishumo iyi. Kunenge kuti pamberi kutanga munyika dambudziko kwakaguma iya iri tectonic mahwendefa, pakanga zvikuru vachiita uye akanaka Beach nharaunda, izvo akarwa mafungu mugungwa. Zvisinei, tinoziva kuti kare pashure kumadokero kwemhenderekedzo Chile ano yerenje zvinenge chose, maIndia vakagaramo. Izvi runoratidzwa dzasara miviri yavo, vari pasi kugara mhepo yakaoma uye kukava mummies uye anenge yaora.

To chii mhedziso nemasayendisiti

Sezvo masayendisiti anodavira nguva yedu, tsaukana zvinhu yakabatsira kuti paumbwe Atacama murenje - kuzvitakurira Ocean uye makomo kuti vakombe nzvimbo iyi. Zviri Zvinoshamisa kuti yakadaro nyoro ezvinhu yavo rwokuzvarwa nzvimbo akapoteredzwa kupfuura dzisinganayi dzenyika. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiro, nezvikonzero pachena, iyo tichaita muudzame pazasi. Asi kutanga zvinokosha kuziva kuti mhedziso iyi, masayendisiti kuuya chete yapfuura. Kare, nzvimbo iyi rakaramba, uye hapana kunyange nezvazvo. Eya, tsaukana zvinhu yakabatsira kuti paumbwe Atacama Desert - iri pamusoro eAndes uye chando kuitika zvePacific Ocean.

makomo

Kumabvazuva, renje mapazi ari nhovo kondinendi yose mumakomo eAndes. kukwirira wavo chaizvo, nokuti madutu zhinji uye kunyange makore nyore musapfuura kuburikidza kumusoro. deposits zvose achiumbwa pamusoro huru chikamu kondinendi, rikawira sezvo mvura muBrazil uye pedyo munyika. MuAndes, ivo dzikava chando, uye nenyika hadzisi pasi kumavirira. Masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti chakakonzera kuti paumbwe Atacama Desert iri nechitarisiko gomo iri chikuva, izvo zvinozoita ane emamiriyoni makore. Nenzira, vose sediments kuti akaumba pamusoro kondinendi uye vane nguva yokudiridza nyika mharadzano dzaro eAndes, kuti Amazon choruzhinji nhumbi. Ndokusaka zviri gobvu rwizi munyika.

gungwa mvura

Kunoitawo kuti paumbwe Desert Atacama pachayo nePacific Ocean, pamahombekombe iro riri. Zviri achitevedza mhenderekedzo Chile uye Peru, pano anoenda kwechando Humboldt Current, inozotevera kubva Antarctica. Nokuti latitudes ava tembiricha mvura, zvinogona kunzi ndizvo isingagamuchiriki. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, ani mhepo kuti anotinhwa achibva munyanza, kunyange akanyanya kupisa, achipfuura mapazi ichi, zvinonzi dzaserera uye ava kukwanisa kuumba chero kunayisa. Fani iyi unowanzonzi mvura mumvuri, kana zvinoita mukana mvura ikoko, asi panguva imwe chete haina kuitika uye haazombofi kuitika.

mhedziso

Ndezvokuti, nzvimbo yomugariro zvinhu yakabatsira kuti paumbwe Atacama murenje - Makomo munyanza. Ndivo tsime mwando upi nharaunda, asi muchiitiko chino, tinogona kutaura paiva dzinongoitika anomaly. Makomo vava chipingamupinyi kumakore kutakura mvura uye chando munharaunda. A chando kuyerera munyanza ine tembiricha yakaderera chaizvo nokuda Antarctic chando, anopa dropwise vaporizing mwando zvinozoita kuva kunobva ramakore mvura Atacama. Izvi denderedzwa anorura munzvimbo idzi vakatanga anenge mamiriyoni 40 apfuura, uye vachiri okunze uye okunze mugwenga handishanduki.