Achirega kushandiswa yekurima. Federal mutemo pamusoro turnover nyika yekurima

nyika Agricultural of Russian Federation yaiva kunze misha. Ivo anowanikwa S / s mabasa uye mabasa basa chokuita naro. We inotevera wepamutemo hurumende yekurima.

tsananguro

Types okurima nyika pfuma, vanoumba yoga muchikwata. Izvi zvinosanganisira munzvimbo yakanakisisa kuti vanonzi pfuma munyika. The New / s mabasa, vanoita kwete chete kuva nzvimbo-uchishandisa hwaro, asiwo sechinhu chikuru okuwana. Nezvenyaya iyi, izvozvo anovamba pamutemo hurumende chaiye yekurima. Federal Law №101 inorondedzera mashandiro anoita ehurumende masangano kuitira kudzora mamiriro munzvimbo idzi, mabasa vanhu vaiita pamwe / zvokurima mabasa, incentives anatsiridze ivhu unhu.

Agricultural nyika: kune akabvumidza kushandiswa

The chikuru piece mitemo wedare kushanda mumunda zvinhu anonzi HCC. The Code aripo pfungwa "chikamu munyika." Zvinosanganisira:

• Land ugari.
• Mundima chengetedza.
• Nyika / X kuenda.
• Water uye Forest Fund.
• Recreational nyika.
• Industrial nzvimbo.

The Code iri pakutsvaga mhando akabvumidza kushandisa nyika zvinangwa zvokurima. Kwakadaro nzvimbo chikamu ndinoshandira maererano zvinangwa zvayo chionekeso. Nhasi, nzvimbo dziri vawana, ave mutemo, nokuti pakuvaka nemisha. The LC anosimbisa zvinotevera mhando kushandiswa yekurima:

• Kuti tirambe kugadzirwa nezvinhu / zvokurima mabasa.
• Kuti vagadzire murimi mudiki murimi kana pachavo chikamu-x-Sekai.
• Nokuti mubindu kana horticulture zvingangoita kuvaka imba yepachivande.
• Nokuti dacha kuvakwa.

Muchiitiko chino, zvichienderana nechinangwa yokuwana kwokurangana anoita kana kuti mitemo hurumende yekurima. Somuenzaniso, muna Suburban chivako kuvaka chivako zvinogona kuverengwa. Kana chinangwa kwerunyararo zvegadheni, kana kurima, hazvigoni kunyoreswa pakuvaka.

chinokosha

Vagari vazhinji havazivi kuti hapana chikonzero uchatamisa nyika kubva muboka kune mumwe chokusika nyika mumusha. Muchiitiko chino, zvakatikwanira nokuzvisimbisa rumwe rudzi akabvumidza kushandisa nyika zvinangwa zvokurima. Somugumisiro, musha ichavakwa vachikwanisa vakazoroorwa kunonyoresa dzavo dzokugara. Zvinofanira akati kuti shanduko iri akabvumidza kushandiswa yekurima - zvichiitika zvakanaka basa-nyanyisa. Zvinonzi kwakabatana kwokuunganidza yakawanda magwaro, aite Kufambisa nedzimwe masangano. Zvisinei, nzira iyi isingadhuri uye anotora nguva shoma pane kushandurira mumwe woga.

Specificity

Muitiro kuchinja rudzi akabvumira kushandisa nzvimbo ne "nokuda / V kugadzirwa" riri "nokuti nyika kuvaka" pane chinokosha kukamurwa kuti zvimwe Varidzi wokuronga regai kurangarira. Under nemirau kuitika, nharaunda inogona ipiwe nokuda nomufambiro zvegadheni, nyika kuvaka, mubindu chete vagari kana zvisiri zvokutengeserana neshamwari. The yokupedzisira, kunyanya zvinosanganisira mutengi cooperatives, shamwari, asiri vanobatsirwa Kudyidzana. Land, mhando akabvumidza kushandiswa inomira "dacha kuvaka", "kugadzira bindu / horticulture", haigoni dzinounzwa pamutemo masangano, kana vari mubasa entrepreneurial basa onerous hunhu. Izvi zvokutenga masangano, kunyanya zvinosanganisira vadyi vapfuwi makambani, Ltd. nemamwe makambani. Kudzvinyirirwa okurima nyika kana nzvimbo mukati kwavari, akagovera ya pakuvaka simba mitsetse, mugwagwa, kukurukurirana mitsetse (mutsetse uye waya zvivako pamwe), gasi, mafuta nezvimwewo mapaipi, zvinofanira kutakurirwa kunze pamberi chirongwa musi remediation wokuronga akadaro S / s zvinodiwa pasina tama kuti mumwe akapa ari mirayiro muboka. mapepa ichi zvinofanira kubvumirwa kubudikidza mvumo unyanzvi hurongwa.

normative garo

The mhando dzataurwa pamusoro apa vanobatanidzwa mune kupatsanura pakati akabvumidza kushandisa nyika zvinangwa zvokurima. Gwaro iri kunodiwa kuti vaudze Committee Resources uye miganhu chivako, rekisteröidy uye kunyoresa makamuri kumatunhu chokuita nenhoroondo Holdings uye kunyoresa kwema navo.

zvidzidzo

The epamutemo hurumende yekurima kunosanganisira kuziva vanhu vanogona kurapwa kana kuti ndima. zvidzidzo izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Farmers (murimi) hondo Islands.
• Vagari vanenge akasika munhu chikamu-nguva purazi mhando, kurima, horticulture, mhuka minda.
• Cossack veruzhinji.
• Shamwari Economic nekudyidzana, cooperatives, unitary mabhizimisi (matunhu neminisiparati uye state), uye mamwe masangano zvokutengeserana.
• Non-haibatsiri munzanga, kusanganisira zvechitendero, uyewo nevatengi neshamwari.
• Training, mufambisi uye kugadzirwa kudzidzisa, kudzidzisa-ruzivo dzakabatana pamwechete nesayenzi uye dzidzo masangano, izvo kurovedza vanachiremba mumunda pamwe / X mabasa nemasangano edzidzo.

Rights panyika yekurima vari zvakare Nzanga duku zvizvarwa zvemo DV, North, Siberia, kuti ndichengetedze uye kukura hove mararamiro netsika.

Zvinoumba yekurima

Ivo wakaiswa Rokudhirowa. 79 ZK. Mafuro, wakagara munyika, hayfields, arable nyika, nzvimbo inogarwa yemizambiringa, neminda nezvimwe perennial zvirimwa, muri chokurima nyika. nzvimbo idzi inozviisa chinokosha kudzivirirwa seboka chokutanga nyaya iri S / s mabasa. Kunewo ndima zvinokosha kunyanya. Izvi zvinosanganisira, Inter Alia, kusanganisira ndima uye ruzivo kugadzirwa zviyero pa masangano tsvakurudzo, dzidzo uye experimental nemapazi nemasangano dzidzo uye dzimwe nyika. Kana cadastral mutengo wavo kupfuura avhareji nokuda weruwa guta / matunhu neminisiparati nharaunda, vangave vanobatanidzwa Zvinoumba yekurima, kupamba izvo zvimwewo zvinangwa hakubvumidzwi.

Urongwa nyika

nzira iyi nokudzorwa Federal Mutemo "On Agricultural Land kwema". Mune ichi nezvimwe mitemo nemirayiro akagadzira imwe zvarayirwa zvikamu. Saka, Art. 81 Land Code anoita zvinhu kupfuudzwa nzira nokuda Mufambiro murimi (murimi mudiki) kana chikamu nemhuri Islands yevanhu hunhu. Nyaya iyi zvinoshandawo pane chiitiko kuti mhando akabvumidza kushandiswa yekurima kunorondedzerwa so "dacha kuvaka" kana "Nokuraramisa zvegadheni / horticulture". Pakati mitemo inodzora muitiro, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa:

• ZK.
• FL "On murimi (murimi mudiki) nemhuri-vashanu".
• FL "On zvegadheni, kurima, Suburban asiri purofiti vehurumende nokushamwaridzana."
• Mitemo nyaya yacho, rakabudiswa mumunda munyika kushandiswa, uye zvimwe mirayiro.

Federal Law №101

Mutemo yeUnited "On Agricultural Land kwema" inodzora ukama pakubata kurasa, nhaka, kushandiswa munyika. Regulation Act kuzoumba constraints uye zvekungofungira kuti zvinogona kushandiswa kwema pamwe izvi zvinhu. Uyezve, murayiro yakasimbiswa wenhaka, kushandisa uye Kuraswa migove Holdings. Pamutemo chiito rinoshanda pasinei akatsunga zvaimirirwa akabvumidza kushandisa nyika zvinangwa zvokurima.

redistribution Fund

It achiumbwa pasi Art. 80 ZK. Chinangwa Fund ichi ndiwo:

• Redistribution nyika nokuda zvokurima kugadzirwa mabasa.
• Inotungamirwa nokuwedzera chikamu nemhuri Islands, kungova mugari.
• Achiita murimi (murimi mudiki) mumapurazi kushanda nyika kuwedzera.
• Kuita zvegadheni, horticulture, zvigare, haying.

pamutemo mikana

nyika Agricultural anazvo neHurumende kana Municipality vari kune vagari chete kutenderwa nenzira. nzvimbo iyi yakaiswa chinhu. 10 Federal Law №101. Saka, nyaya, izvo akapa nyika rendi, uye izvo anoita huchishanda zvakakodzera, vangadzidza uridzi kwayo. Rinogonawo kupinda risi itsva. Kuchinjwa zvokurima nzvimbo, mune matunhu neminisiparati / hurumende varidzi anobvumirwa:

• emachechi.
• Research masangano.
• Songaniro Cossack.
• Communities zviduku zvizvarwa zvemo of Far East, Siberia uye North kuti / V kugadzirwa, budiriro uye ndichengetedze tsika siyana kurima, rwokugadzira uye mararamiro.
• Vagari kuti zvigare, haying.
• Educational masangano zvokurima profile.

Muzviitiko izvi, nzvimbo vanobvumirwa zvakaitika chete rendi. Ruregerero kwokurangana aya pfuma haabvumirwi.

zvekungofungira

Mutemo anopa kuchinjwa munyika, iri Municipality pfuma uye unozvipiwa mune rusarura migove, kurima (murimi mudiki) mapurazi, kana S / s dzesangano kushanda nayo, rendi kana pfuma pasina zvemakwikwi zvaidiwa. Kuti izvi zvidaro, masangano aya anofanira kushanda kuMudzidzisi emo simba pamwe chikumbiro nokuda kwemamiriro risi chibvumirano kana chibvumirano waakazvitengesa. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu kubva pamusi wauchaita kunyoresa varidzi venyika Municipality panzvimbo iyi. Mutengo mugove yakadaro zvino akatsunga mari isingadariki 15%, rendi - hapana kupfuura 0.3% kubva cadastral ukoshi.

kushaya hanya wokuronga

The kutorerwa munyika kubva muridzi, kugumiswa kodzero ose nokusingaperi (zvachose) kushandiswa, nhaka (hwose) muridzi kukurumidza chisingapembedzwi kushandiswa, uyewo risi maererano Civil Code, Land Code uye Federal Law №101. Rokumanikidzirwa kushaya mugove anogona kuitwa mudare, kana:

1. Operation mugove akaita zvaipesana zvimwe zvinodiwa mitemo kuti vakarongeka kushandiswa dzenyika, zvakazoita kuti chinokosha zvinoderedza yakambomira kukudziridzwa ivhu kana kuparara zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza mamiriro svikiro.
2. Kwemakore matatu kana kupfuura, anotevedzana, kubva pakutanga mugove varidzi haina yaakaita / X basa, kana mamwe basa chokuita naro.

Kana yechipiri, dzemaitirwe rokuti hauna kufungwa nguva iyo mugove haigoni kushandiswa, kana kuti zvimwe zvikonzero, zvichiita hazviiti kuvhiyiwa nokuda njodzi uyewo nguva zvakakodzera kuti kukura pedyo (asingasviki 2 years). Rokumanikidzirwa kushaya nzvimbo iri nhandare ataurwa pamusoro angava, kana hwakagadzwa zvinhu hazvina kubviswa pashure kwokubatsira zvakakodzera administrative zvirango.

Regulation okurima mabasa

Kuorera yekurima chinhu pasi zvinogona kuti zvinodiwa chirimwa miti iri mumhepo, zvokudya, kupisa, mvura, physico-makemikari uye zvipenyu zvakatikomberedza, kuitira yauinayo yavo. tiite yakakodzera ameliorative matanho kuramba yakakwana unhu ivhu. Implementation ravo inodzorwa panguva zvemitemo chechetere. Zvinangwa normative mitemo yacho chiitiko ndiyo inonzi kubereka zvevhu yepamusoro muna Implementation nyaya dzine S / s mabasa.

mabasa

Chakagamuchirwa Mutemo, izvo anoita kubereka wokubereka munyika yekurima, anopa:

• Conservation uye uvandudze ivhu yepamusoro.
• Kuunza akanaka ezvinhu kuti kunonyanyisa kushandiswa kwemishonga uye zvoupfumi kwaniso uye basa zvokurima.
• Kuvandudza negoho nzvimbo dzavo zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza ezvinhu.
• Kutambira zvichemo yepamusoro zvokudya yevagari.
• Kusimudzira zveupfumi ezvinhu kumaruwa.

murau uyu inopa, nenzira yakadaro waidzora hukama dzinomuka pakati vanoshandisa, varidzi nevamwe, kusanganisira matunhu neminisiparati / hurumende masangano, mukuita kunaka ivhu muzvinhu kushandiswa uye kushandirwa. The zvokudya gwaro yemafambisirwo ezvinhu, mabasa, kodzero, mabasa, masimba nyaya, hunhu mabasa, zvekungofungira uye zvatisingakwanisi zviri reclamation basa pasi. Murayiro anoita ukama uye zvinhu zvisina nokudzorwa LC nezvimwe zviito normative munyika iri nzvimbo hwezvisikwa.

basa zvidzidzo

Users, varidzi, pfuma varidzi, nyika varimi vanokwanisa:

• Kuti aite agronomic, nyika reclamation, agrochemical, kukurwa kwevhu kuzvidzora, phytosanitary matanho nechinangwa panguva kubereka wenharaunda yauinayo.
• Kuwana mumutemo mashoko kubva miviri mvumo kubva Executive simba pamusoro unhu topsoil muminda yavo, uyewo mashoko pamusoro simba rayo.
• Bvunzai miviri mamiriro, zviremera zvemo uye nemamwe masangano MO mashoko, zvichemo, vaitaura chokuita nyaya hwevhu, kuti kuziviswa uye mhinduro nenguva.
• Rovedza dzimwe kodzero kana Implementation wavo haambozvipikisi ari normative nehurumende uye emunharaunda zviridzwa.

mabasa vanhu

Varidzi, varimi, vanoshandisa, nzvimbo varidzi, vane mamiriro vaburitsi vaiita zvokurima basa anofanira:

1. Kubudisa zvinhu nzira iyo vaipa kuchengetedzwa uye kubereka wenharaunda yauinayo. Dzakashandiswa vanofanira kungorara kana zvachose haabatanidzi rwakashata kwechirwere maindasitiri basa zvakatipoteredza. chinodikanwa iri, Inter Alia vatiitire nokusunungurwa nenhumbi nemhaka uchapupu anotsanangura alternation cultivars ari kutenderera.
2. Kuti aite kukura ivhu kurimwa enyika ari mugove yakatarwa. Zvinofanira kuva zvoupfumi uye masayendisiti hwaro uye zvinopa kusunungurwa pamwe / kurima kugadzirwa apo kuramba ivhu negoho ari kushanda mundima.
3. Iva kwesayenzi mepu kwakavakirwa vanowanika ezvinhu kurima.
4. Zadza Cord bhuku mashoko chirimwa kutenderera minda.
5. Kuita reclamation, agrochemical, phytosanitary, agro, Anti kukurwa kwevhu matanho, maererano hwokutiparadza. Muchiitiko chino, inofanira kuremekedzwa mitemo, mirayiro, nhungamiro, mitemo yakatangwa unyanzvi masangano.
6. Muzvitsaurirei legislatively mvumo Executive mashoko womusi kunaka ivhu ezvinhu ari kushanda munzvimbo chinangwa zvokurima.
7. Kuti vabatsire kuti pave kuzvidzora uye rokuongorora nezviyero mumunda kudzivirira zvakatikomberedza.
8. Udzai mvumo specialized Executive hurongwa chokwadi zvevhu kudzikisirana panyika yekurima, ivhu kusvibiswa munzvimbo dziri kushandiswa kana muridzi, uyewo kumuganhu pamwe munzvimbo kushandiswa.
9. Kuita mamwe mabasa waiti ari mirayiro.

mhedziso

nyika Agricultural ndiyo inonyanya kukosha zviwanikwa zviri mamiriro. Pari, inokosha kukosha ane mubvunzo pamusoro ouchenjeri kushandiswa nzvimbo akasarudzwa kuti c / kurima kugadzirwa uye mamwe mabasa chokuita nayo. Tapota ziva kuti nyika nezvimwe zviwanikwa, varipo panguva shoma akawanda. Panguva imwe cheteyo, rinoshanda se kwainyanya muviri zvigadzirwa. Nokuti kuchengetedza uye kudzorerwa hwevhu kunofanira kuitwa akakodzera mabasa. Zvisinei, kuti vazadzikise vanofanira zvakanyatsonaka uye nounyanzvi. Zvakafanana chinokosha kuchengetedza nyika nezvinhu zvavo kushandisa ndiko kudzorwa kutengesa nzvimbo.