Bird Minhenga: mifananidzo, STRUCTURAL zvinhu

minhenga - a cutaneous nyanga inotungamirwa. Ivo akaonekwa zvinenge izvi panguva shanduka. Vave adaptations yokutizira.

The nemamiriro chinyoreso

In ayo mamiriro chinosiyanisa zvikamu zviviri: netsvimbo, kana hunde, uye feni. Rezasi chikamu shamhu iri thickened anorodzerwa. Inside nayo raoma keratinized tishu.

Fan vanosanganisira neminzwa wokutanga kuti, izvo dzakabatana netsvimbo. Uyewo, sechivako rezvipfuwo zvinopa kuvapo sezvakarayirwa neminzwa yaro kuti vasiyana neminzwa yaro yokutanga hurongwa wechipiri. Vari akaronga perpendicular kune yokupedzisira. Dzinokosha nezvikokovonho, kana cilia, naro ose neminzwa zvakasimba dzakabatanidzwa.

Ndebvu ine mbiri akaturikidzana. External akadana horny, uye yomukati - pfungwa. Zvinonzi yakavakwa Dried masero akafa pamwe nechekuita mukugarisana mhepo matema. Form yehuku munhenga uye ukuru hwaro angava akasiyana, asi nheyo dzayo mamiriro nguva dzose zvakafanana pamusoro apa.

akaita sei minhenga?

mhuka Chokutanga, vaiuya akafanana mhando ganda, vaiva Mbeswa dinosaurs Sinosauropteryx. Pamusoro pemvura, mitumbi yavo vakapinda fibrous Zvinhu Zvisina Basa. minhenga wokutanga wechokwadi akaonekwa Caudipteryx uye Microraptor. Minhenga shiri mhenyu nhasi zvakafanana nemamiriro sezvo pechidzitiro mhuka idzi dzekare.

marudzi minhenga

Vanogona kukamurwa kuva mapoka makuru mashanu:

• coverts;
• dzeparamende;
• gozvo;
• pasi;
• inokosha.

Ngatitorei navo kuitira.

coverts

minhenga izvi kufukidza muviri wose, zvichiriita streamlined chimiro. Zvichienderana nzvimbo iri muviri shiri wacho, ivo inogona kupatsanurwa pamafudzi, mutsipa, parietal, dorsal, nadhvostovye, goiter, chipfuva, dumbu coverts minhenga, tibia, diki, svikiro uye makuru coverts minhenga.

Coverts dziri munyika muviri shiri kuitira imbricate. Vanoshandira uye nokupisa-unodzivirira basa, sezvo rukoko ravakange zvinoumba chinenge asingadi fambisa mhepo.

dzeparamende

minhenga izvi zvinogona mapoka mapoka maviri:

• chokutanga kuti;
• hurongwa wechipiri.

The ndege minhenga refu uye kururamiswa. Muenzaniso mukuru uyu - a quill, akanyora kuti pamazuva akare.

The kutiza minhenga wokutanga kuti vari vasiyana seri shiri bhurasho. minhenga Ndivo guru. Kuti ape vachasimudza uye chebasa panguva kutiza. Huwandu mumatanga dzakadaro kazhinji 10-15 dzakabatana. Saka, vamiririri Woodpecker mhuri ikoko 10 minhenga chikuru wokutanga kurongeka, kubva duck - 11-12, uye mune dzimwe Grebe - vakawanda 17. Muenzaniso sei anotarira flapping hanzi munhenga:

Flight minhenga rechipiri kuti vari vasiyana ganda riri ulna. Idzowo kubereka pechiso bapiro. Vari dzinoratidzwa saizi duku kupfuura minhenga kutanga hurongwa.

nhamba yavo anogona kuva akasiyana. Somuenzaniso, imwe hummingbird matanhatu chete, asi vamwe vamiririri albatross mhuri - 37.

Tinofanirawo nezvezvichaitwa anonzi bapiro. muunganidzwa ichi minhenga duku, izvo kuda wokutanga nomunwe. nhamba yavo kazhinji 3-4 zvidimbu, dzimwe nguva - 6.

gozvo

Izvi neminhenga shiri muswe. Vakafanana Makhov, asi zvikuru chandagwinyira. Uyewo minhenga muswe inogona kururamiswa kwete chete, asi curved. Uchibatsirwa wavo, shiri anochinja inoenda kutiza, muswe kutamira kwakasiyana-siyana. Makhiriniki minhenga akadaro zvishoma yokufeva transverse mumutsara.

pasi

boka iri zvinogona rakakamurwa subgroups maviri: chaiko Downy minhenga uye pasi. Down minhenga vane zvakawanda refu nembambo pane Zvinhu Zvisina Basa. Zvisinei, neminzwa dzavo rega vanoomerera feni. Zvinhu Zvisina Basa ane zvishoma dzakabudirira nyoro tsvimbo. Ndebvu vari zvakare haana mubasa feni.

Uye pasi, uye pasi minhenga inoshandiswa kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye. Vari pasi gandiwa. Kana kako hatch chete, vane chete Zvinhu Zvisina Basa, coverts kukura kwapera.

chinokosha

zvinyoreso izvi zvinogona kunzi ndebvu, Decorating, kistochkovye, pudretki.

Ndebvu - iri minhenga, izvo vakafirwa ari neminzwa. Ivo vakachengeta chete tsvimbo. Ivo riri muromo shiri uye kuita tactile ushande. Uyewo minhenga duku isina neminzwa vangava namafungiro uye wemhino.

Decorating - siyana okunatsiridza yacho gandiwa minhenga. Ivo kuonekwa munguva kuberekesana nguva.

Kistochkovye - zviri minhenga ane refu, dzakaonda tsvimbo uye grooves, murombo adhesion mumwe. Ivo dziri kazhinji kumativi goho mafuta shwanu mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka.

Pudretki - rudzi minhenga chaiwo neminzwa izvo chete kukura, kuputsa. Somugumisiro, madota aumbwa kufukidza mamwe minhenga dzakaonda rukoko. It chinodiwa kuti vave isapinda.

Chii chinoratidza kuti ruvara?

Minhenga Shiri dzakasiyana vangava zvikuru akasiyana-siyana. All zvinoenderana uwandu zvimwe pigments. Ruvara minhenga inodzorwa kwakadaro zvinhu:

• carotenoids;
• porphyrins;
• rwe-melanin.

The pigments muboka rokutanga pave orenji, yero, tsvuku uye rwepingi kwerima guru. Izvi zvinhu tinoshandurirwa minhenga shiri kubva zvokudya kuti unopedza. Kana paine kukwana zvigadzirwa ane krotinoidov, ayo plumage angachinja kuti vhudzi iri mhuka zvokudya.

Porphyrins kubereka mitema hues.

Melanin, akaumba shava uye dema ruvara minhenga. Vanogonawo kusika zvimwe noruvara tsvuku.

Uyezve, makara shiri kungaenderana kwete chete pane ruvara huri minhenga, asi nemamiriro neminzwa wokutanga uye wechipiri kuti. Zvichienderana sei neminzwa dziri uye akaronga, minhenga vanoratidza chezuva pamwe wavelengths zvakasiyana. Saka, minhenga vachapenya muzuva.

Sezvo Kugadzirwa pigments dzakawanda muviri nokudzorwa shiri chiropa, ruvara kuchinja zvingaratidza zvimwe zvirwere, zvakadai chlamydia, vhitamini A kushayikwa, zvakawandisa zingi uye nevamwe.

How kutarisira shiri minhenga?

Izvi basa shiri maawa anenge maviri pazuva.

Kuchenesa minhenga vanogona munzira dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, bystroletayuschie shiri akadai nenyenganyenga swifts, terns, vari akarinyika mumvura iri nhunzi. Vamwe yakakanyiwa minhenga vake vasanaiwa nemvura. Uyewo rokuchengeta shiri anogona kutora guruva dzokugezera.

Bvisa yokumwe zvinhu inobatwa plumage, shiri uchishandisa muromo.

Panewo rinokosha mumiririri kuti kupa elasticity minhenga uye kubvisa utachiona. Ndicho mafuta kuti anosunungurwa preen shwanu shiri. shiri First yoashandisa patsoka dzake, uye ipapo akazora netsoka dzakapfava ake pasi.

Kuti disinfect zvinyoreso, dzimwe shiri zvikuru kukuvadza matendere. Panguva iyoyo mumuviri reshiri unowana formic acid. Zvinobatsira kubvisa zvigare uye nezvimwe tupukanana kuti vanogara plumage.

Mhedziso: minhenga-Champions

The chakarebesa minhenga yakawanikwa shiri, akadai decoration Japanese roosters. kureba kwavo kunopfuura 5 mamita. Vari iri muswe.

Uyewo, neminhenga mirefu Anozvirumbidza Argus - shiri, sezvinoita pikoko. Minhenga mbiri pakati ari muswe wayo kuti masendimita 150 pakureba.

Shiri minhenga kupfuura yakanaka inogona kunzi namatendera. minhenga yadzo anotarira mavara Vongai rinokosha maumbirwo neminzwa minhenga anoratidza chiedza.

Kunyange pakati peshiri yakaisvonaka neminhenga anganzi paradhiso. Dzavo neminhenga rinogona mavara akasiyana. A minhenga inogona siyana chaizvo yakareba uye zvitarisiko. Somuenzaniso, vangave vakamonyanisa ari zononoka chimiro.