Black shiri ine muromo dema. The Black shiri huru muromo

Kufembera chirahwe: rudzii shiri rasviba ane muromo dema? Vamwe vangafunga kuti ichi chinhu rook of, asi kwete! Izvi chete ake "mapatya" - black rarira. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose mhando shiri akafanana mumwe rakaita samadonhwe maviri emvura. Zvisinei, avo upenyu nzira atungamirire akatarisana mirayiridzo. Black rarira vakawanda ndiyo imwe shiri rokutanga kuti akamboradzikwamo rakarondedzerwa Carl Linnaeus. Nezvazvo uye nehurukuro.

chitarisiko

shiri iyi rikasviba ine muromo dema uye makumbo chete. Zvisinei,-dema zvose vanodana zvisingaiti. Kana iwe kunyatsotarisa, unogona kuona kuti ayo plumage munyoro kana ruvara gleam. Vamwe ornithologists vanoti kuti minhenga yayo muenzaniso anodzokorora minhenga rooks yakarongeka, kunyange kwatakaita kwavari nguva nenguva inova zvakafanana. Zvisinei, vari mhando akasiyana zvachose yeshiri.

Chisingafaniri kuvhiringidzwa rooks!

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti shiri iyi yakasiyana zvachose kubva vanhuwo negunguvo dzaro yepedyo hama - rakanga rakapfeka zvinovhara kumeso rarira. Saka kusvikira kumwero akafanana rook there kuti vaviri pakubhadhara izvi kazhinji kuvhiringidzwa mumwe. Yeuka, nhema rarira wetsodzo ndiyo yakakura zvikuru kupfuura rook of. Uyezve, vakuru rooks mhino vari pachena, ukuwo gogonera rarira matema ivo kusimuka akafukidzwa minhenga.

Rooks kubva rarira kusiyaniswa inopenya Violet-yebhuruu Sheen minhenga. beaks dzavo havasi kwakaenzana kuti kwavo "mapatya" dema, uye pamusoro makumbo kukura vanonzi "bhurukwa" - minhenga kuti yakavafukidza. Asi chinonyanya chinokosha kusiyanisa nhema rarira pakati rooks ndiyo pamberi rwakafara uye woita minhenga seri musoro wokupedzisira.

Rooks kazhinji vanogara packs it uye makunguo - yezvinoita. Kazhinji vose vanopiwa mukati munharaunda iyoyo. Sezvaunoziva, kuti rarira - shiri rokunyengedza uye vanozvikudza. It anovaponesa uye munguva yechando vanoungana mumapoka 15-20 vanhu, uye ipapo kugara adzo "mapatya" - rooks. Saka, musiyano pakati avo uye vamwe, takabata iwe, zvino ngationei kupatsanura pakati rarira vatema.

kupatsanura

Sezvataona pamusoro apa, munhu mutema shiri huru muromo - ndomumwe mashoma eshiri vanorondedzerwa musayendisiti Carl Linnaeus pakutanga. Zvino kare XVIII remakore. Uye ndachena musoro, uye matema rarira vari rakakamurwa yakananga uye akasiyana subspecies. Kazhinji yeshiri vaiona ari subspecies mukati rudzi. In musimboti, ichi hachisi zvakakomba. Zviri nani chakarongwa inaccuracy.

The ichocho kazhinji kure kumabvazuva dema rarira ichaongororwa mukati chete kwemarudzi, kuti hachisi chokwadi. Kuratidza musiyano, mupe yakarurama kupatsanura pakati superfamily Shiri:

• munhuwo pfumbu;
• Eastern pfumbu;
• Munhuwo dema;
• Eastern dema.

vari zviitiko misangano yevanhu inorondedzerwa akadhindwa sayenzi pamwe rarira kuti pane beaks dzavo vamwe wavatorwa makwapa matema. Vamwe ornithologists kutanga kunyange uchida kutsanangura kwavari somunhu vakaparadzana rudzi, asi pashure penguva yakati zvakava pachena kuti nhema makwapa pamusoro muromo kweshiri - zviri chiratidzo chirwere, kwete pachena chepfungwa itsva kwemarudzi.

Where Black makunguo nokugaramo?

Black kwejongwe kana dema shiri huru muromo (sezvazvakanyorwa dzimwe nguva inonzi), kwakapararira munyika Western Europe: Elbe, yakananga Vienna, kuburikidza yakakurumbira Alps kuchamhembe kweItaly. KuMabvazuva uye Eastern Siberia kuparadzira mumwe mhando - Hoodie. Iye hama, ane matema muromo uye refu, asi ayo plumage haisi vatema wakachena, uye tsvina pfumbu ruvara.

nesting nzvimbo

Sezvo nzvimbo yavo nesting dema shiri ine refu muromo anosarudza mupendero masango uye mumasango kuti vari pakati Mafuro uye minda. Shiri idzi kugadzirisa akawanda uye pakati mumaguta makuru. Vamwe Vagari vanotya kwavari, kwakavakirwa dzimwe rusaruro chokuita matema rarira, varoyi uye zvitendwa.

zvisikwa izvi haana dendere mapoka (sezvo rooks kuita), asi bedzi kunokamura yegwara mukadzi-munhurume. Nguva iyi inotanga pakasvika mazuva March okutanga kudziya. Ornithologists kupa shiri vanofanira, nekuti vakaroorana vanoramba vakatendeka kune mumwe nokusingaperi. Saka shiri iyi (rikasviba ine muromo dema uye makumbo) anogona kushumira sechiratidzo chokuvimbika uye rudo.

Adzo vanovaka kumusoro pasi pamwero - mukati merima uye zvakanyatsobatana korona miti. "Foundation" vari mangled akaoma matavi, chikwindi uye ivhu. Masvingo dzavo rarira dema matendere anomira uswa nemvere. Kazhinji, mumwe slots anozviratidza mazai pakati 3 uye 6. Uye pano, zvakare, anofanira kuchengetedza: mazai rarira zvikuru kufanana mazai rook of. It incubates navo chete nemukadzi. The Munhurume panguva ino zvadzinofura.

Mukati 2 shomanana Mazai pemanyana. Vamwe nguva pashure pokuberekwa kwomwana hadzi kuchiri kudziya, pashure iyo, hono pamwe chete anotanga kutsvaka uye muuye nazvo zvokudya. Heunoi shiri! Black ane muromo dema uye nenzara rarira iri kukura nokukurumidza zvikuru: mukati mwedzi kako kubhururuka kudenga, tama nevabereki vavo, nokuti chero zvakatipoteredza kusvikira pakatanga chando.

chikafu

Shiri idzi nomufaro mukuru kuti kudya zvakaora yamarudzi ose. Usakanda mapfumo uye vava kubva tumbuyu, honye, madandaude, mhuka duku uye chikafu tsvina. Ornithologists vanodavira kuti rarira zvose vatema - scavengers yavo yomukati hunhu. Ndicho chikonzero vari saka kazhinji ashanyirwa dzimba dzevanhu, sezvo pane yakawanda dongo. Oh, uye misikanzwa sezvo shiri iyi rikasviba guru muromo!

madyo izvi rudo vanoparadza akawandisa matendere upi shiri mhosva, nekuti tava vakati kuti avo kufarira delicacy - mazai. Uyezve, dema rarira nokuzvidira kudya zviyo, michero uye michero, mitema zvikamu zvinomera. Vanogona kutevera dzinodya dzimwe shiri, imbwa uye makava kuti kugadzirwa kwavo. Chokwadi, zvakaoma kufungidzira sei vari kuenda ivo kuuraya munhu husky imbwa, asi zvemitambo mubereko haina akadzima.

The audacity - mufaro wechipiri!

Bird chavachengeti, uyo aidzidzisa uye kuchengeta maitiro shiri, nharo kuti ndiye - a dzakangwarira chaizvo, akachenjera uye nomuvuki shiri. Black ane muromo dema, minhenga uye nenzara rarira, mu pfungwa dzavo - iri chaiyo pfungwa jenareta achangopedza chero wekuvamba zvisikwa izvi kuti awane chouviri yavo. Unyengeri uye unyengeri neropa ravo. Black rarira, vaigara Europe, kazhinji intrusive kuti kuvirima!

Zviya, izvi vakachenjera uye funga kuburikidza pachine kusika maitiro avo munguva nesting mwaka. Kwete chete kuti, "dzimba" dzavo dziri pa mukuru altitudes (mu pemiti), ivo pachavo ingozvibatai nenzira kuti vari zvakaoma kuverenga: manyana mudendere vari hwakadzikama apo vabereki vavo - zvakatonyanya kudaro. Kana boka rarira muchando kuona chero matambudziko vachitsvaka zvokudya, vachagara pasina compunction kubatana zvipfuyo rarira uye rooks, kunyange kana vasingagari kubvunza.

kubatsira

Economic kukosha rarira yevatema muupenyu hwomunhu usingagoni dzakanaka. Izvi kusika nokuparadza siyana scum they offal uye okutsakatisai tumbuyu inokuvadza nemakonzo. Vanoda kuti muparadze shiri 'matendere, asi ichi hachisi chikonzero nehanya navo sezvo zvipukanana.