British Columbia. Where is Columbia British?

Nenzira yakaisvonaka yegungwa guru regungwa, mizambiringa yemiti yemizambiringa, masango emakore emakore, makungwa akajeka, nzizi, makomo ane simba uye kuputika kwemvura zhinji ... Izvozvo ndizvo zvakaita kumadokero kwakadziva kweCanada, kona yakachengetedzwa yenyika isati yaonekwa, yekutanga -British Columbia.

Nhoroondo

Vagari vomunharaunda munharaunda vakagara kwenguva yakawanda vasati vava nekodhoni yeNorth America, makore anopfuura 11 500 apfuura.

Kuongorora kwenyika idzi neEurope kwakatanga nehanzvadzi yaJakove Cook muna 1778, uye muna 1792 yakaramba ichiendeswa nemutevereri wake George Vancouver, mukuremekedzwa kwechitsuwa chikuru pane iyo nzvimbo uye guta guru pane rekutonga rainzi. Kubva panguva ino, munharaunda idzi, inonzi New Caledonia, British protorate yakasimbiswa, iyo yakanga isina sangano rakarongeka. Utungamiri hwemabasa hwakagadzirwa nemagadziro e Hudson's Bay Company, ayo akangotengesa furs munharaunda ino.

Nokufamba kwenguva, pakanga pane kugovana kwenyika: United States yakabatanidzwa nedzimwe nyika kumaodzanyemba kwekumaodzanyemba kweColumbia River Basin , necheBrithani chikamu chenharaunda iri pasi pezita iri, yakagadzirirwa kudunhu raMambokadzi Victoria pachake, muna 1871 yakava chikamu cheCanada Confederation. Ihwo huno hutongi hunoonekwa munguva ye "goridhe rush", kuvakwa kwechitenderera chezvitima uye kuenderera mberi kwevanhu vakawanda kuenda kune dzimwe nyika munguva yezvakaitika uye hondo dzeAsia neEurope. Kubva panguva iyo, nzvimbo iyi yave ichikura uye ichikura. Maererano nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu, iyo inowedzera yechitatu munyika.

Maguta eBritain Columbia

Guta guru pane rwenyika uye wechipiri kumadokero kwegungwa ndiVancouver. Icho chibvumirano nemasango makumi maviri uye vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 2.3. Kukurumidza kukura kwakatanga nekuvakwa kwechitenderera chezvitima kubva kunharaunda yenyika kuenda kuVancouver nekukurumidza kwechikepe. Kazhinji megapolis yakazova "Guta Rakanakisisa Pasi". Inovakwa mumuromo werwizi. Fraser kumhenderekedzo yakatarisana neBay Barrard. Nokudaro, mabhiriji mazhinji anounganidza guta mune rimwe chete. Makomo emakomo anoipoteredza kubva kumativi ose. Muna 2010, Winter Olympics yakaitika muVancouver, saka haugoni kusahadzika semasvingo ezvitsuwa zveguta. Kusiyana kwakabva mumusha wekoloni weBrithani Columbia - Victoria, mune dzimwe nyika dzakasiyana-siyana uye multiculturalism yeVancouver, uko, kunze kwevakatamira kubva kuEngland, makuru makuru echiChinese neJapan diasporas. Mukuwedzera, iyo inzvimbo huru yekushanda kwesayenzi nekutsvakurudza. Heino yunivhesiti yaSimon Fraser, inoonekwa seyo yunivhesiti inotungamirira muCanada, uye Yunivhesiti yeBritish Columbia - imwe yevane makumi matatu munyika yose.

Guta guru renharaunda iri Victoria, riri kumaodzanyemba kweVancouver Island uye ndiro rechipiri guru muguta guru iri. Guta pachako ridiki - 80 000 vanhu, asi rinosanganisira gumi nemamwe masunharaunda munharaunda, uye vanhu vakawanda sevanhu 345 zviuru. Inofungidzirwa maererano nemhepo "yeBrithani yakanyanya" muCanada, sezvo vazhinji vayo vagari vemuRungu. Tsika dzeGreat Britain dziri kwose kwose: mumabhazi maviri-decker, anozivikanwa muzvitoro zveLondon, mabhizinesi nemakadhi ane chikonzero chemaawa mashanu chaiwo.

Mumaguta maviri aya, vanenge makumi matanhatu kubva muzana yevanhu vanogara munharaunda vanogara, vanhu vanopfuura zana remakore-mumaguta eKeron naAbbotsford.

University of British Columbia muVancouver

Iine vadzidzi vanenge 57 000 vanobva kuKanada uye nyika 149. Iine imwe yezvakanakisisa yesayenzi, laboratori uye zvigadzirwa zvekutsvakurudza. Mukuwedzera, yunivhesiti ine anthropological museum yayo, makiriniki ekudzidzisa, chikwata chekambani uye imba yemakonti. Kunyanya kuzvikudza ndiro raibhurari, iyo mari yazvo inoonekwa sechipiri muCanada. Iyo yunivhesiti inoshandisa vanopfuura 9 000 vadzidzisi, pane kunyange vakagadziriswa vaNobel. Inofungidzirwa seimwe yemayunivhesiti anokurumidza kukura munyika yose ine zviratidzo zvikuru zvekubudirira kwebasa rezvesayenzi.

Mhedziso yegadziriro yematendi

Guta guru rakakura (Rocky Mountains) reBritish Columbia riri pakati penharaunda yose uye rakatenderera kurutivi rwokuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba. Nharaunda yenyika ine makomo inoshandiswa nenyika dzomusango nemapaki. Kufamba-famba, chando chechikepe, kutamba, kuredza nekuvhima uye, zvechokwadi, kukwira makomo - nokuda kwevose vanofarira mweya mutsva nemitambo yakanyanya, maRockies achaita separadhiso chaiye.

Nzvimbo yakakwirira yepamusoro (4671 m pamusoro pegungwa) mupurovhinzi iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwenharaunda - makomo eSt. Eriya, uye inonzi Fairwater. Icho gungwa peak inokwira makiromita makumi maviri kubva kuPacific Ocean uye inonyatsooneka kubva kugungwa pazuva rakajeka. Nokudaro uye akatumidzwa naJames Cook muna 1778, Fairweather Mountain - Gomo remamiriro akanaka emamiriro okunze.

Mhenderekedzo yegungwa nePacific inoparadzanisa gungwa kubva kumaodzanyemba. Uyewo vanonyatsoparadzanisa mamiriro ezvinhu aya. Makomo mashoma emakomo, zvitsuwa uye mapaundi anofukidza nharaunda yose yeBritain Columbia, ichigadzira mumigero yayo nemipata nzvimbo yose yemvura yakadzika mumakomo nemakungwa.

Zvinyorwa zvinopa upenyu

Makungwa 31 uye nenzizi 32 munharaunda yaro.Colombia British - nyika inonakidza yezvinhu zvegungwa. Munenge mitozi yose nemakungwa mune musha weasumoni uye mhashu. Iyo huru hydroarteria yenharaunda ndeye Fraser. Rwizi urwu runoputika runotanga muRedy Mountains uye, ruchiyerera mumapani uye canyon muzita rimwechete, rinotora mitsva yakawanda, panguva imwe chete ichiwedzera mitsuwa yegungwa kusvika kune yakakwirira mamita 100 nekukurumidza kukurumidza. Inopinda muPacific Ocean, uko guta guru pane iyo nzvimbo uye gungwa guru pane kumadokero kwegungwa reNorth America - Vancouver - yakavakwa mumarara.

Mumatombo eMedhi mumupata wemakomo ane chiuru ndiwo mutsivi wegomo regomo rinonzi Columbia. 40% yaro inoyerera neCanada. Iko yakasimba zvikuru ikozvino uye nzvimbo yakakwirira yehova ine zvayo pachavo:

• Mbatya yeColumbia yaigara ichifashamo uye yakafashamo.
• Kuti dzidzivirire pakurwisana nenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, madhamasi akawanda nemadzimai ave akavakwa murwizi.
• "Mhepo dzinotyisa" nzizi dzinoshandiswa mu hydropower.
• Ichi ndicho chikuru chekutakura kanjini.

Pedyo nePacific Ocean

Kumadokero, ruzivo rwunopera kugungwa regungwa uye pedyo nechokumaodzanyemba runopfuurira kumamiriro eUnited States eAlaska. Zvose gungwa rakapoteredzwa nemahombekombe ezvinyararire uye fjords, nokuda kwemakumi makumi emakiromita anotaridzika mukati mevhu. Zviuru zvezviwi zvakapararira pano. Iko huru pane iyo ndeye Vancouver naGraham kubva paketani yeMambo Charlotte Islands. Nzvimbo dzakawanda dzevashanyi dzinounganidza kuti dzinakidze imwe yenzvimbo dzinofadza zvikuru munyika - Migwagwa yeCôteal yegungwa reBritain Columbia. Mifananidzo yemakona anonyanya kukosha eRiviera anoshamisa.

Mamiriro okunze munzvimbo dziri kumhenderekedzo yegungwa anokonzerwa nemhepo inotonhora Kuroshio ikozvino, ichiita kuti itadze uye inaya. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, masango ane mashizha ane ruzha anofukidza gungwa ari kukura.

Mainland chikamu cheruwa

Mune kuchamhembe nekumabvazuva nyika inofambidzana neCanada yeruwa (Yukon, Northwest Territories uye Alberta), uye iri kumaodzanyemba inopinda kuU.SA.

Gomo reRange Range Coastal ridges rinovhara kubuda kubva kumhenderekedzo kusvika kumhenderekedzo yevanhu vemahombe yemhepo kubva kuPacific Ocean. Nokudaro, kubva mberi kwegungwa mukati memucheto weharaunda makoma akaoma uye masango.

Mhepo inofadza, ine unyoro uye inodziya yakaumbwa mumipata yeFraser neOkanagan nzizi, uko inogadzira waini yakanaka yeCanada uye cider.

Chikamu chekumusoro kweBritain Columbia chinotungamirirwa nekunaya uye kusina masimba emakomo. Uye chete munzvimbo yekuchamhembe-kumabvazuva, ichidzika pasi pemupata, inofadza ziso remahara.

Nzvimbo Tsvene yeCanada

Chimwe chinhu chinokosha chepurovhinzi ndeyekuti 95% yenyika dzayo inzvimbo dzemazuva ose, uye 5% chete inharaunda. Zvikamu zvitatu zvemunharaunda yacho zvinotora makomo uye kukwirira kwemamita anopfuura 1000, uye 60% - masango. Iko kunochengetedzwa zvakasikwa uye zvakasiyana nedzimwe nharaunda yemhuka dzisina kuwanikwa, shiri nehove. Ndokusaka chikamu chechisere chemahara ose anogara muBritish British ndiyo nzvimbo uye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Pakati pavo, 14 mapaki emarudzi (kusanganisira Yoho, Gomo reRevelstok, Glacier, Kootenay nevamwe) uye vanenge 430 vepurovhinzi nechekare.

Pano uchawana nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana:

• Sandy deserts.
• Mvura yakanyanyisa.
• Misty mvurafalls.
• Mhepo ine makomo.
• Kuporesa kuporesa matsime.
• Masango machena.
• Inopenya glaciers.
• Nzizi dzinoshamisa uye makungwa.
• Zvinoshamisa kumativi ekuchamhembe uye akajeka kumaodzanyemba.
• Mifananidzo yakawanda uye mazai.

Nzvimbo dzinokosha

Vafambi vekuvaraidza kusina kujairika uye zvakajeka mupurovhinzi ye Columbia British vanogona kushanyira:

• Bear's ranch.
• The Salmon Museum.
• Kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vemunharaunda.
• Botanical Garden, Glendale, Butterfly uye Exotic Animals Garden muVictoria.
• Park ye shiri dzinodya nyama.
• Gedarera grove yepseudotours yekare (kusvika pamakore mazana mapfumbamwe, kusvika pamamita 75 mamita, neine muburani akareba kusvika 9 m).
• Diving, ski resorts, kayaking uye kanoeing, kubata hove, nezvimwewo.
• Makungu emakungwa anogona kuonekwa kubva kumhenderekedzo yeVancouver Island muna March.
• Iwe unogona kushanyira purazi caribou (reindeer).
• Helicopter uye ngarava dzinofamba.
• Nzira dzekare.
• Mafambiro ezvenguva dze "goridhe rush."
• Guta reGhost Three Valley Gap.
• Masimba ane simba uye magetsi.
• Historical reserves.

Saka kana iwe uchida kuona zvose zvese izvo zvisikwa zvakapfuma uye zvinonzwa ruvara rweNorth America, enda kunzvimbo yakanaka zvakadaro seBritain Columbia (Canada).