Brown marasha. Coal kuchera. The munda lignite

Kushandisa shava marasha haisi nevakawanda kuenzaniswa analogue kwayo ibwe, asi pasi mutengo kudziyisa kunokonzera kushanda nazvo Zvisaririra pakati diki uye private bhaira. MuEurope, erudzi urwu inonziwo lignite, kunyange zvazvo haawanzopiwi kure mukuru kupatsanura pakati marasha. Maererano chinangwa, ipapo, somuenzaniso, muGermany rinoshandiswa kupa hwemvura simba zvinomera uye lignite nokuGirisi unokubvumira tanga kukwira 50%. Asi zvakare kupararira sezvo mufananidzo hwakasimba mafuta, iyi ine, dzinenge muchimiro yakazvimirira mokuwana.

General mashoko lignite

Lignite chinhu gobvu dombo-kufanana guru chiedza mashava kana dema. unogona kuonekwa muriwo huni chivako pamusoro ukanyatsozvitarisa. The bhaira shava marasha iri kupiswa asi nokukurumidza kusunungurwa chin'ai uye chairwo kunhuwa wokupisa. Achitaura murwiyo, zvinonzi kuumbwa padurunhuru, sarufa, carbon, hydrogen okisijeni. Netsvina dzinoenderana chete zvinhu chipo mune dzimwe mhando marasha.

Maererano zvinhu akafanana, dzakawanda zvinhu izvi inesungano humites. Transitional Sapropelite uye manyowa inclusions kuitika muchimiro akaturikidzana vari deposits ose humites. Mune nembiya lignite dzikarongwa microcomponents ose vitrinite. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti padurunhuru zvinoumba vari muminda akadaro akaoma zvikuru kuverenga. Nokuti dzemaitirwe pakati chafariz waivako Zvinokurudzirwa kuonana chaidzo matafura uye enzanisa zvinoitwa rudzi Data bhaira michina.

Kwakatangira deposits

The deposits kupfuura vari chakanangana Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments. Mune Lower Carboniferous deposits of Moscow bheseni vangazivikanwa sezvo zvagara. deposits European runonyanya chokuita akaturikidzana Neogene- Paleogenic nguva, uye muna Asia iri hunodzorwa Jurassic Dam. Vashoma zvisaririra zviri Cretaceous kumwedzi. mumatanda Russian ndiwo vakawanda pfuma kubva Jurassic sediments. Unorema zvinhu nhema panguva kudzika kudzika (10-60 m). Nokuda chinhu ichi zvingava pachena marasha migodhi, kunyange panewo matambudziko mugero anosvika 200 metres. The huru mbishi zvinhu nokuda paumbwe lignite somutariri Deciduous uye coniferous miti, peat uye pyalpy. Vapfume kuti kabhoni nokuti kuti manyowa kwacho kunoitika pasi mvura uye pasina kuwana mhepo. Uyewo huni hwaro yakanga yakasanganiswa jecha uye nevhu, iro mamwe deposits kutendeuka nhano rinoumbwa graphite.

marasha kuchera

Russia maererano lignite kugadzirwa rakava reshanu. About 75% of zvachose zvinhu zvinowanikwa maindasitiri uye simba makambani, uye vamwe rinoshandiswa zvemakemikari bhizimisi uye simbi. Uyewo, mumwe zvinoenderana duku iri aivigirwa. Technology kukura uye yakananga kugadzirwa zvarwo inoyeuka uye kushanda nzira nedzimwe mhando carbonaceous deposits. Asi marasha kuchera zvisvundu ruvara ine mikana. Sezvo erudzi urwu achiri muduku, yakakura kuenderana pamusoro zvekuvaka iri rakatorwa kusango. To musi, nzira iyi inonyatsobudirira, njodzi uye zvakachipa. Zvisinei, kubva pfungwa nemaonero ikoroji hakusi nzira dzokubudisa yakaisvonaka, sezvo kukura Nomumakomba akadzika rinobatanidza mirwi yakakura kunzi overburden.

guru deposits

Kana isu nezvazvo Russia, chikuru shava marasha deposits zviri Soltonsky dzakaoma yamabwe. Ndiyo chete tsime marasha, iri Altai. Maererano nenyanzvi, dhipoziti ichi rine matani mamiriyoni 250 paruware. Uyewo inozivikanwa uye Kan-Achinsky multikilometer dziva shava marasha, riri munzvimbo Krasnoyarsk mudunhu. Muzviitiko zvacho zvose, kugadzirwa rinoitwa pamusoro rakashama rwokugadzira. Zvikuru vaizotibata deposits ose lignite uye yakatanga muGermany, inova kupfuura nokutengesa marasha mu Europe. Most pamwero mukuru kuitika kutora nzvimbo muEast Germany, umo Central German uye Lauzitsky madziva. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, deposits izvi zvine matani mabhiriyoni 80. Sezvakaitika Russia, kuti vanachiremba German vanotungamirirwa hayo nzira inoshandiswa, nokubva zvinodhura mugodhi nzira.

Mari lignite

Maererano Qualitative unhu marasha zvisvundu ibwe anorasikirwa Kunyatsoziva ishamwari. Zvisinei, zvinoverengeka akaita kuti zvibvire kuti zvishoma simudza kudiwa zvishoma ichikwezva mokuwana. Pakati pavo tinogona kutaura mari panguva iyo lignite chaitwa. Price dzinosiyana paavhareji kubva 800 kusvika 1200 rubles. nokuti 1 tani. The yepamusoro calorific mutengo, dzakanga mutengo chipepa. Enzanisa mumwe tani kuti marasha zvinogona kutengwa dzakawanda 2,000 zviuru rubles .. Sezvambotaurwa, kune nuances rokuvhiya bhaira kushandisa lignite vachiri kudzivirira kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira. Asi Qualitative zvinhu bhizimisi vari pakati vatengi uye simba makambani, uye chidimbu kuti munhu rinodyiwa.

mhedziso

End nevatengi lignite kunogona yaipiwa mune Dzakarongwa kana unsorted chimiro. Sezvazvakanyorwa kazhinji mudzimba huni rakashandiswa combustion pamusoro pulverized, uye nokuda kunzwisisa metallurgia maindasitiri Wakaitwa koksobrikety. Nokuda kwayo shoma mari uye yakafara kuparadzira guru deposits dzebhurauni marasha haisi nzvimbo wokupedzisira ari mazita vakatsvaka-pashure mafuta zvinhu. Zvisinei, tikafunga kuwedzera simba kunyatsoshanda kuti kudziyisa hurongwa zvaanoda uye yakasimba nemirau zvemhoteredzo kudaro mbishi zvinhu kuri zvishoma anoyevedza. Munyika dzakawanda, kushandiswa shava marasha ndeyevanyori kugadzirwa zvinodiwa, asi Russia uye Germany mienzaniso kuzosimbisa rudzi uye kukosha tichitarisa nevatengi kushandiswa.