Business ushamwari. Chii chinonzi Syndicate? Description, nevamwe zvinhu

Kubvira pakupera XIX uye pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri ari syndicates Russian zvava zvakawanda, tichienzanisa nedzimwe mhando shamwari, rakapararira. Nyika iri kunyanya yakawanda izvi mibatanidzwa vaiva France.

Chii chinonzi Syndicate?

Izwi zvakakwana polysemous. Kazhinji, shamwari idzi sungano umo munharaunda yakaumbwa ane zvinhu zvakasikwa zvido. Syndicates vari vanhuwo bhizimisi uye veruzhinji. Nyika dzinosiyana dzakasiyana kutsanangura zvakaitwa Syndicate. Somuenzaniso, tsanangudzo iyi rinoshandiswa kureva zvikurukuru chete imwe mhando bhizimisi vanovatsigira. Uye sezvo chinangwa yeidzi waitsigira kubudirira evakurukuri yakati zvakanaka (nokuti kugadzikana kana kukwirira) purofiti pamwero. Nzira rokuzvigadzira ayo kurimwa, kutenga zvinhu zvinodiwa kuti pagadzirwe zvigadzirwa, uyewo kwemajoini yokutengesa murau. Kana kududzira uku pfungwa awana imwe tsika dzakawanda. mitemo Russian, sezvo, zvirokwazvo, uye kunyika Europe uye United States haina kutsanangura zvakaitwa Syndicate.

Features

Kusiyanisa nhau mhando zvebhizimisi shamwari ndiko kuenzanisa navo zvimwe zvakawanda. Somuenzaniso, sangano vaburitsi - kuvimba kana cartel. Syndicate - chibvumirano kuti mabhizimisi kana mabhizimisi kushanda zvakafanana bhizimisi sezvo Vatengesi. Muchiitiko chokutanga, kuti yemakambani mabasa yakaoneka mukuru mwero mitemo inoshandiswa mavhoriyamu uye Sales, kuderera mari. Saka, chinangwa paumbwe cartel nokubatana - kudzivisa pamusoro-profitability makambani akabatanidzwa. Ndechipi Syndicate muchiitiko ichi, uye chii zvinangwa zvayo? Kusonganirana ichi vakashandisa kugarwa kuti contractual mitengo kuti zvigadzirwa. Mugumisiro Nde vavariro mibatanidzwa - kupa kutsigira uye yakakwirira pamwero mubhizimisi mari. Syndicates kupfuura anovimba kana cartels, vachishuva kumhedziso monopolization kuMudzidzisi maindasitiri uye pamisika.

kupatsanura

akasiyana syndicates zviripo Russia. Pakati Shamwari maindasitiri vaiva kupfuura akakurumbira chinokosha uye zvokutengeserana mibatanidzwa. Ivo aibatanidza kutengeswa uye kugadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvigadzirwa. Maererano mwero nenzvimbo yeidzi conditionally akakamurwa mabhizimisi zvibvumirano (emakambani), izvo akapedzisa kuti vawane zvimwe (zvishoma) zvinangwa, anovimba uye, chaizvoizvo, syndicates. Zvichienderana miganhu zvezvinotaurwa mabasa Union aigona kuva nenyika kana dzomunharaunda. Wokutanga anofukidza anokosha makambani ose kushanda zvakafanana indasitiri, uye wechipiri - chete vashoma pane imwe kana imwe nharaunda. Paivawo syndicates dzakawanda. Vaiitawo uye mabhizimisi Russian. Somuenzaniso, muna 1903 mubatanidzwa rakaumbwa kuti kutengeswa shuga bhiti, mupfudze uye uswa nemaforogo. Senzira kwomubatanidzwa uyu wakapindwa yeAustria uye German nemakambani kuti pagadzirwe zvigadzirwa zvesimbi, mapoka matatu Russian, izvo panguva iyoyo zvakanga kusimbiswa mumaoko dzinenge zvose mumhuri kugadzirwa nemaforogo.

mamiriro kweSangano

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mutemo hapana chinobatsira kuziva uye tsanangura paumbwe dzebhizimisi vanovatsigira. Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, sangano nyaya hakunyatsotarisirwi chero nzira. Izviwo, hazvibatanidzi madikanwa zvokudya nemitemo nokuwadzana. Pakanga pasina pamutemo yechinangwa nedanho inotungamirwa syndicates. Saka mamiriro avo kwesangano iri zvakakwana kukwana. The Congress of fekitari varidzi akaita kuzvidzora. Pamusangano yakanga multilateral zvibvumirano, uye kuongororwa uye vakaongorora migumisiro Implementation kwavo, vakatanga mitemo.