Byzantine Culture

Byzantine tsika nemagariro ari dzimwe nguva zvisiri sevanhu ive Tichitevedzera dzenhoroondo tsika zvenyika yekare, Greek uye Roman. Kubva nemaonero Ages pfungwa Constantinople, guta guru roUmambo, ndiko guta mashiripiti uye risingaenzaniswi runako.

Munguva epics enganonyorwa pakati vokutanga Middle Ages, kunyanya French, vanorondedzerwa katyamadza nefuma, kuti akakura noumhizha, zvinoshamisa zvinonhuwira cup madhishi akasvibirira nguo - kuti kunogona kuonekwawo uye vakanakidzwa mune yakaisvonaka Constantinople.

Vose umambo kare, Byzantium aiva mamiriro, izvo zvakagara kupfuura.

Zvechokwadi, kuti tsika yekare Byzantium rine Greek uye Roman okunze. Somuenzaniso, muna sangano zvemagariro masangano mukuvamba Byzantine nguva, vakadzidza vepamusoro mutemo weRoma rakaiswa. Zvisinei, Byzantines, vatsivi dzinowanikwa tsika mbiri, akavasimbisa dzavo risingaenzaniswi kubudirira, yekudyidzana kukanganiswa nzira kare, kukura tsika nyika, paumbwe dzinza nokuzivikanwa munyika dzakawanda dzokuMabvazuva kweEurope. Millennium ravo umambo akaramba chiedza yebudiriro uye tsika kuti nyika, haana kukunyengetererai ichishanduka uye innovate.

Art tsika Byzantium muumambo hwacho hwose, kusanganisira vakawanda wokumaodzanyemba nzvimbo weIjipiti uye North Africa yakaramba pasi Byzantine kuzvidzora kusvikira muzana remakore rechinomwe. remakore rokutanga vakanga kwakaratidzwa chikuru utsanzi apo zvinyorwa akatsiviwa mipumburu. Vakawanda zvikuru mifananidzo Byzantine muzvinyorwa wechina emakore rechitanhatu achiripo, kusanganisira "Aeneid" Virgil, "rinonzi Iliad" pakati Homer, "Testamende Yekare" uye "Testamende Itsva", zvokurapa akadhindwa -. Pakati pavo basa rinokosha Dioscorides 'Materia Medica "

Culture pamusoro Byzantium - kuti mabhuku kukuru chaizvo muunganidzwa dzakasiyana zvinhu, kubva kumusoro zvouMwari mumagwaro kuti majee nyaya, kubva yapakuvamba aakaitira soro zvinodiwa kuti richikunetesa zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe.

Zvakarurama iwe rinomiririrwa nemidziyo yesirivha, ndiro, bhandi rendarama mari uye medallions, nezvimwe zvicherwa zvakawanwa dzakawanda dzaishandiswa mune zvokunamata uye enyika upenyu. Zvikuru nevakawanda rakanga unyanzvi tuore kupenda uye waMosesi basa. In chivezwa, yokutanga Byzantine nguva kwakaratidza kuchinja kubva dzenhoroondo zvenhaka siyana.

Zvezvisarudzo unoshamisa mienzaniso rokunyika mapurani - zvisaririra zviri atrium of Grand Imperial Palace kana St. muna Constantinople (panzvimbo yayo atova Istanbul, kubvira pakutanga nemanomwe remakore pamire Blue Mosque), lavishly akashongedzwa mosaics pokuenzanisira mifananidzo kubva muupenyu muumambo hwacho. For dzechitendero akitekicha chechi domed maitiro, yakakurumbira zvikuru muenzaniso - Hagia Sophia. Mari neDare Constantine mukutanga remakore rechina dzakavakwa vazhinji pedyo chinyakare basilicas.

With chisarudzo pamusoro iconoclastic gakava pakati remakore rechipfumbamwe hunotanga ichatonga zvine mbiri hwacho, apo Greek akava ayo mutauro unonyanya, uye chiKristu akatanga kuparadzira kuchamhembe iri necheSalvic nyika yechipiri.

Culture pakati Byzantine nguva akaratidza mienzaniso mishoma rokunyika mapurani, izvo akapukunyuka kusvikira nguva yedu, asi mabhuku rine nyaya pakuvaka uye vavakezve Great Palace weConstantinople, yakavakirwa Imperial uye revatongi matunhu matsva.

Wemamongi guru rokutanga, rwakazokura chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha nzvimbo Byzantine chiKristu, yakavakwa paGomo Athos (Greece).

Pakati Byzantine nguva yakawanda uye zvimwe nokuda kushongedzwa temberi vaishandisa mifananidzo pamwe nziyo zvakasiyana.

Latin basa (1204-1261), apo vadzidzi kubva Rechina Hondo, vanopinda nechisimba guta guru Imperial yekare, akavamba Latin Empire weConstantinople, aiva yakadzama simba pamusoro Byzantine avanhu. Zvakakonzera zvematongerwe enyika zvakakomba kusiyana, mashoko nekuvhiri- ngika chavagari, kunyanya pakati makirasi mutongo. guta New enyika ari Byzantine State "vakatapwa" pamwe aikwikwidza vabati inobva arikunze umambo; muguta Arta, muna Trabzon, Nicaea. Kudzorerwa Byzantine ushe pamusoro Imperial guta raiva 1261 pamwe accession repamusoro youmambo itsva - Palaeologus.

Byzantine tsika zvaibudirira kunyanya paya nguva, pasinei zvechiuto uye enyika ezvinhu akawanda kwazvo iro rakava vatongi vayo. Vanoitisana zvachose munzanga mumatunhu aiona basa ravo kuvaka zvivako zvitsva uye kudzorera akwegura, uyo akatambura munguva Latin basa.

Kwenguva refu asati kuwa muna 1453, ari Byzantine Empire anogadza mwero nokunaka, maitiro uye zvoumbozha. Zvino vachiri vakaramba afuridzire zvose Catholic West uye vechiIslam East.