Chii basa zingi ari mumuviri womunhu?

Pakati nesimbi ions vari chikamu Organic yeimwe, rinokosha nzvimbo runobva kuna zingi. Biochemists vakaiisa boka zvisaririra okunze, ane tigutsikane muchitokisi idukusa 0,0001%. zingi cations anogona kuwanikwa zvose mhuka uye chirimwa Utachiona, sezvamakaropafadzwa iri nhengo pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu, zvakadai hormone makemikari, nucleotides, lipids uye esters. Basa zingi mumuviri womunhu ndiye siyana: zvinokosha zvakakodzera muviri, zvakajairika weboka masoja pezvakaitwa dzokubereka basa. In bepa iri isu funga ehupfumi zvikuru yeimwe ine zvisaririra chaikosha zingi, uye ino mienzaniso pokuenzanisira kukosha kwayo Pakuchengeta homeostasis yevanhu muviri.

Zingi atomu sezvo complexing mumiririri

makemikari Most kupa zvidzidzo zvinoitwa muchitokisi muviri, zvinhu zvacho uye ane ions simbi, magnesium, mhangura, zinc. In nemakemikari omuviri, dzinonzi organometallic yeimwe. Basa zingi ari mumuviri womunhu ndechokuti, sedare Ion, chikamu mamorekuru ose hormone, makemikari nezvimwe pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu zvakadai jekiseni, lactate, antiproteaznogo ropa mapuroteni. Funga ehupfumi dzavo mberi.

The mutemo glycolysis

Mumwe nzendo simba muviri mumasero ndiyo glycolysis - anoxic kukamurwa shuga - chikuru simba masero acho. Voitakura kunze pamberi lactate dehydrogenase enzayemu inotungamirira kutendeuka makabhohaidhiretsi kupinda lactic acid. Kunwisa lactate chepfu sero cytoplasm, nokuti cleavage zviri pafuma kuti mhembwewo pyruvic asidhi iri synthesized mune cytosol ane zingi enzayemu. chiito Its inosvitsa neutralization pakati lactic asidhi mu cardiac tsandanyama mumasero, myocytes uye nephrons, kusunungura cytoplasm pamusoro toxin, iyo inosimbisa nezvebasa rinokosha zingi mumuviri womunhu. Zviri lactate muropa inoshandiswa chirwere zvirwere pamwe zvemamiriro enhancement kuti muviri, kunyanya shuga cleavage, akadai kenza chiropa, mudumbu, bapu, renal anogumbura pezvakaitwa uye chinopedza kuchinja tsandanyama.

Basa zingi iri zvirwere kukura

Node nodes, thymus, tsvuku mumwongo tonsils kubereka masero pamwe raidudzwa unodzivirira mugumisiro pamusoro utachiona, nemavhairasi, mapuroteni vavatorwa muchetura. Padanho kukura zvirwere ine zvikuru utano hwevanhu, uye zvinoenderana nenguva inotungamirwa anodzivirira zvinhu: antibodies, interferon, phagocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages. Sezvo dzakatangwa nokukanganisika zveBhaibheri, vose pamusoro zvinhu uye masero kuti vanorwa kutapuriranwa pakutanga, inoumbwa rakananga Kupinda yacho chero chinhu. Nezvebasa rinokosha zingi ari mumuviri womunhu ndechokuti zvematongerwo inotungamirwa T-lymphocytes uye dzinongoitika mhondi masero. Vanotakura huru mutoro iri kubviswa mabhakitiriya anokuvadza uye mavhairasi kuti anokonzera zvirwere zvakadai chakakomba, chakadai tibhii, mabayo, immunodeficiency chirwere, etc .. Uyezve, zingi ions Activate cellular majini kuti nenguva apindure anoshungurudza zvezvakatipoteredza zvinhu uye kuwedzera kushinga muviri kwavari. Uyewo thymic hormone - thymosin, thymopoietin uye timulin- kwakachenjera pamberi zingi dzakaoma nezvimedu runogonesa masoja kwendangariro.

Mashandiro chiito pamusoro micronutrient kuti chaikonzerwa noutachiona

Kuti akudziridze pfungwa pane basa zingi mumuviri womunhu, funga wayo basa iri rakavhara kuberekana kubva nucleic acids uye kwetunhu mapuroteni mamorekuru ose wanda. Zvakabuda microbiological nemiedzo akasimbisa achitaura antiviral mugumisiro zingi ions pamusoro utachiona zvirwere zvakadai herpes, encephalitis, yokuSpain. Kunyanya, zvisaririra chinhu kunoita kusunungurwa kupinda neropa rakasiyana-siyana interferon, iyo inobatsira mukutanga nzendo chirwere kumisa kufambira Mashoko utachiona inoramba. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvikurukuru nedanho shanduro mapuroteni pakati nayo utachiona kuti kuvharidzirwa. Saka, zviri zvipenyu kunoita zingi mumuviri womunhu ndiye wayo simba Anti-nemavhairasi mugumisiro inopiwa mano masero kudzivisa pathogenic nevamiririri.

Zingi anoita okubereka kushanda munhu?

Kugona bereka uye kuberekana - chinonyanya kukosha zvinhu zvose zvipenyu. Nokuti munhukadzi muviri inoda zingi panguva yepamuviri uye kushaikwa kwayo kunoratidzwa muna zviratidzo premenstrual chirwere: nomusoro, chitarisiko puffiness uye anorwadza kurwadza kwacho. The zvisaririra chaikosha ndiyo inokosha nokuda kunyatsogadzikana ngakuite dzokubereka nadzo uye kubereka gametes - dzisingaoneki. Masculine mhando muviri zvinoumba, sevamwe kushanda gonads - the testes uye prostate, dzisingaoneki chinhanho - kuti ndiro basa zingi ari munhurume muviri. Zingi somunhu complexing mumiririri kunobatanidzwa murwiyo mikuru pabonde kemikari - testosterone ndiye anokonzera rose nedanho spermatogenesis, uye nhongo dzokubereka zvivako libido.

Ikure Muviri wayo kutsamira kubva makemikari zingi yeimwe

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Anterior pituitary unobereka somatotropin kemikari, izvo anosarudza vasiri dzinotsanagura mapfupa kukura. Pamwe chete kukura kemikari iri synthesized mune hypothalamus insulin yakakodzera mamorekuru dziri polypeptides uye inonzi somatomedins. Inosanganisira zingi maatomu uye pamwe chete somatotropin kupinda neropa, bata pezvakaitwa osteogenesis. Yakawandisa kukura zvinhu kunotungamirira zvirwere zvakadai acromegaly uye gigantism (disproportionately nemakumbo refu), uye kushaya mahormone anokonzera dwarfism. Zvose pamusoro apa zvinoratidza mutsindo kunoita zingi mumuviri mwana, ane kukura pezvakaitwa zvinodzorwa zinc-tune mahormone.

Zvaiitwa enzayemu carbonic anhydrase

In catabolic pezvakaitwa ari mumasero uye interstitial mvura rinoungana ane zvakawandisa yakawanda manyowa zvigadzirwa: acetaldehyde, esters, carbon dioxide. Kuitira kudzivirira kudhaka kuti enzayemu boka rinosanganisira carbonic anhydrase muviri. Rine chisinganzwisisiki pane zingi ions uye runogonesa zvakaitwa zvinokuvadza nemvura. Somugumisiro hydration neutralize muchetura kuti hakukuvadzi yeimwe kuti masero zvakadai carbonic acid. The enzayemu pamwe Chizenga chikamu matsvuku masero mhuka dzose, kwete chete vanhu. Carbonic anhydrase dzine zingi uye riri mumasero matsvuku eropa, zvaanopa simba manyowa hunokachidza asidhi munyu carbonate acids kuti uchingounganidza muropa nokuda munyika afemeruke, kuti mvura uye carbon dioxide. Izvi zvinoratidza kunokosha basa zingi rinokosha basa zvipenyu.

Zingi tubhokisi enzayemu - jekiseni

Rwatata - mumwe chikuru nhengo ari zvomudumbu ezvinhu, kunobereka zvombo rose makemikari zvinokosha uye mahormone, rimwe riri jekiseni. Rine zviviri mapuroteni nengetani, anokwanisa tichisunga kusvika zingi ions. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, jekiseni anoita pamusoro shuga inowanikwa plasma. It kunoderedza nderwevaya nekuratidzwa pashure ingestion kuti makabhohaidhiretsi zviri chingwa, mbatatisi, confectionery zvigadzirwa. Kemikari iri zvinoberekwa nezviduku pakati Langerhans pakati rwatata, uye nokushaiwa yake yavaive munhu hwapedyo chirwere cheshuga. Nezvebasa rinokosha zingi mumuviri womunhu iri chokwadi kuti jekiseni rine uyewo kunokanganisa muviri kwemapurotini uye lipids, zvichiita kuti depositary mafuta ari omentum uye subcutaneous adipose tishu achiri.

How nengozi ndiko kushaya zingi utano hwevanhu?

Kare, hatina takatsunga kuti kuvapo zvisaririra chinhu sechinhu chinokosha atomu kunzwisisa Organic yeimwe anomirirwa ari mamorekuru ose makemikari akasiyana. Mbiri pakati pavo ndezvaiye pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu - carboxypeptidase chine zingi ions. Makemikari vanobatanidzwa mune pancreatic muto uye zvinokosha kuti chakaipa kugaya zvokudya munyika duodenum uye diki ura. Vanewo munyaya kwetunhu mahormone zvinokosha kuti abatsire kuzvidzora muviri: vasopressin, oxytocin, jekiseni. Itariro simba pamusoro zinc-ane carboxypeptidases zvigadziriswe pakati pakugwamba ropa, zvinyama kugadziriswa, kubereka chaitika. Zviri pachena kuti zingi kushaikwa kunokanganisa zvakanaka uye rine zvinotevera zviratidzo: rakapinza kuderera kutapata, susceptibility kuti zvokuora mwoyo inoti, zvirwere zviri zvomudumbu ino, nhengo dzokubereka basa abnormalities ari kukura. izvi zvose zvinogona kukonzera kusingarapiki kuchinja mumuviri womunhu.

Kukosha zvakanaka kunovaka muviri ari kudzivirira zingi kukanganisika

A pachena chepfungwa zvisaririra chinhu ndechokuti zviri zvishoma nezvishoma yokuita zvinoitwa zvomudumbu mapazi kubva miriwo uye mhuka zvigadzirwa: nyama, mukaka, nzungu, nhanga uye mbeu sesame. Zvinoderedza zingi Absorção de Água villi duku ura epithelium kunyanya kugutsikana mune chyme kwakafumuka faibha, folic acid, ions mhangura, calcium cadmium, izvo mhandu pakati zinc. The daily chinodiwa zvisaririra chinhu vana - kubva 3 kusvika 7 MG, vakadzi - 8 MG, Men - 11 MG. Muchidimbu basa zingi ari mumuviri womunhu kunogona inozivikanwa sezvinotevera: paaiva rwatata, gonads, chiropa, tsandanyama uye lymphocytes, ndizvo zvinosvibisa Kufananidzira kuchikosha nokuda zvakakodzera chekubuda metabolic siyana kushanda ari zvomudumbu, kwemakemikari anobudiswa uye munhu dzokubereka nehurongwa.