Chii chinonzi dzinongoitika nzvimbo? Types uye Features

Ndechipi dzinongoitika nzvimbo, anozivikanwa ose wechikoro, uye vaya vari ruosteessa pfungwa iyi kunogona pakuziva nayo nokuverenga nyaya ino.

Natural nzvimbo: tsananguro uye mhando

Globe ine zvose zvakasikwa gadziriro, vemunyika dzakasiyana okunze dzinodengenyeka. Pasinei siyana nharaunda, nemhuka, dzimwe nzvimbo Pasi akafanana. Vakabatana mune rimwe boka dzakadaro. Izvi zvinonyanya pamwero mukuru gradation zvose zvakasikwa zvakaoma munyika.

Natural nzvimbo uye zvinhu zvavo

Natural nzvimbo yakarongwa maererano nenzvimbo zvikamu, dzakashandisa dzakananga parameters kuti tembiricha uye mwando. Kumboda anogara vamwe Latitude, asi chaiyo nzvimbo kunobva kure penyanza uye rwakapoteredza mamiriro enzvimbo. Kusara ndiyo gomo dzakadaro pamusoro maitiro iyo unochinja kukwirira localization. Pedyo pamusoro tembiricha kunova yakaderera, saka zoning ndiyo mirayiridzo kubva neequator kurutivi matanda. Nechepasi ndiye munhu wechisikigo kunzwisisa, zvakafanana avo pamapani. The yepamusoro wemakomo eJudhiya, panguva kumusoro vemunyika pamusoro kuchamhembe nharaunda.

Ndechipi wechisikigo nzvimbo iri kwete panyika? Mugungwa, kunewo dzinongoitika kunzwisisa, sezvamakaropafadzwa okunze nzvimbo uye kudzika. miganhu yayo vari avhiringidzwa sezvo zvichienzaniswa huru.

Natural nzvimbo dzinopisa uye subtropics, magwenga

Masango dzinopisa uye neequator, iri Africa, South America uye Asia, kunoratidzwa yakakwirira mwando tembiricha. Chii wechisikigo rwokushanyira nyika muna avo nzvimbo panyika? Zviri kunzwisisa miti yakasvibira nemiti zvakaoma. ukapisa murwi (kubva pamakwenzi maduku hofori miti). Rapid kuchovha kwenyaya kunotungamirira nokuumbwa sverhplodorodnogo ivhu, izvo nokukurumidza vapera. In dzinopisa uye subtropics oga nzvimbo dondo yakaoma, apo miti vakateura mashizha avo inopisa mwaka.

Description dzinongoitika mapazi zvinosanganisira savanna - Kuchinja mapazi kubva inopisa masango hwokumusoro nharaunda ine iziviswe sparse, kugara kumusoro tembiricha uye Kazhinji kubudikidza kunayisa. Nokuti akapiwa akaisawo nezvekumwe akaoma nguva, zvinogona kuguma mhuka vaitamira kune reservoirs.

Masango miti yakasvibira Mediterranean okunze kunyanya kuva zvinomera mashizha rakaoma. Pane vakawanda vanoondoroka miti, dzinoratidzwa nepakati muchando. Most mhando iyi rwokuzvarwa nzvimbo pamahombekombe kutsakatika.

Low mwando yomuropa mugwenga uye Semi-mugwenga, riri achitsva uye vakadzikama zvikamu, kwakaita kuti paumbwe adaptations yakasiyana kwazvo ezvinhu mune miti nemhuka. Desert inodziya mumamirire ekunze vari rakakamurwa jecha, matombo uye ivhu. nevhu yavo yakazara zvicherwa, asi zvishoma makemikari nyaya.

The zoning kuchamhembe hemisphere mu dzinodziya uye polar zvikamu

Inowanzorimwa uye dondo munyika dzine riri subtropical uye vakadzikama zvikamu, dzinoratidzwa inopisa, zhizha yakaoma, chando chando uye kupfuura vadanana (ivhu dema). Zviri musha nemakonzo, shiri dzinodya nyama, svikiro kadikidiki ungulates.

Broadleaved, vakavhengana masango uye taiga - chaivo nzvimbo okunze, vemunyika kuchamhembe hemisphere. Kwavari, hunhu muchando kuchitonhora. Mune taiga mapazi anofadza yechirimo uye pfupi, nokuti dondo chete kumaodzanyemba inodziya nguva Hwakareba asi avhareji tembiricha dererei. Precipitation musango zhinji kupfuura mumasango yakavhenganiswa. In izvi dzakadaro inogarwa pazvikara, insectivorous shiri.

Tundra uye masango anogara achinaya mvura inogarwa ndima subpolar uye polar zvikamu. Kukakanganiswa uswa pamwe kudzika midzi nekuti nevhu urombo, mosses zhinji uye lichens, zvikurukuru inogarwa shiri dzinotama, vakawanda munharaunda rinosanganisira permafrost.

Mhuka kweArctic murenje runonyanya kurarama mumvura, anofadza mwaka, huchavapo mwedzi mishoma, shiri. Ndizvo chaiwo mapazi hwokuchamhembe. hemisphere.