Chii chinonzi kilobyte? Shandura matomu kilobytes

Computers zvakasimba chikamu hwedu, pasinei chokuti makore 10-15 apfuura zvaiita hwomutambarakede, iyo inowanikwa vashoma. Uye chizvarwa chevechiduku munzira yakanakisisa aiziva itsva rwokugadzira. Asi munhu wose ane kubata makombiyuta, atarisana mamwe mashoko kuti havasi pachena kune vose: yacho BYTES, megabytes, gigabytes uye zvichingodaro. Uye saka kunotozongoita pane mibvunzo yakasiyana: chii kilobyte, sei kutendeutsa kubva Unit mumwe, uye zvichingodaro.

ruzivo

Information nhasi chavanokoshesa kupfuura zvose, uye kuti munhu ano rudzi chombo. Zvinonzi kunyanya anoongwa pakati mikuru nemakambani kwenyika muminda siyana. Kana ino makombiyuta, apo mashoko ine Unit kwayo, uye ani naani anofarira XXI michina remakore, chete kuti azvizive.

Information zvakachengetwa pamusoro kombiyuta hunonyatsobatana ainyanya zvakaoma dhisiki mudziyo. Ani naani ane midziyo yakadai pamba, pakupedzisira kutanga kunetseka sei akunoita uye dzimwe huru zvinoriumba iri. Nezvenyaya iyi bookshops unogona kuwana mabhuku akawanda munyaya ino ndigoisa pachedu kune zvakaoma tikachirega.

Hard dhisiki - a chekuchengeta nzvimbo zvigadzirwa mashoko

kombiyuta imwe neimwe kana tablet ane dhisiki zvakaoma kuti musha ose digitaalinen mashoko. Uye usati kupindura mubvunzo, chii kilobyte, unogona kutarira mukati uye kunzwisisa sei mashoko inochengeterwa. Inside mudziyo pane electric motor nechigumbuso zvinosanganisira disks akawanda (Pancakes), izvo akaronga pamusoro musoro uye iine redunhu wiring.

Tellingly, pamberi Pancakes vaiva dzinenge 2, kureva nhamba yavo zvachose yakasvika 4 kana kupfuura. Modern Zvifambiso dzakaoma kunyange kukwanisa guru vane 1 kana 2 Pancakes, kunyange zvazvo kakawanda chete chete. Izvi imhaka kushandisa ano ruzivo okuwana zvakaoma Zvifambiso, nokuda izvo zvakakwanisika kuderedza kurekodha arambe achirema. Nemamwe mashoko, cheese vari vashoma, uye bhuku mashoko inyorwe pamusoro. Modern dzakaoma Zvifambiso anosvika 2 kana 3 terabytes uyewo kare ane imwe pannukakku.

Zvino akatendeukira mubvunzo chii kilobytes, unogona kutaura zvinotevera. Mumwe Pancakes zvakaoma dhisiki kutenderera kumhanya chaizvo riri 5 kana 7 zviuru nokumukirana paminiti. Nokuti nesimba Zvifambiso, servers, ichi Nhamba inowedzera kuti 10000. Zvinokosha, asi regai kubata musoro Pancakes uye uchigara pamusoro pavo, nekuti vakanga vane nhete unhani kuti nyore wakaremara.

On the zvakaoma dhisiki chero mashoko akanyorwa zvinogumbura. A Pancakes nomumwe chiratidzo concentric pamakwara, chimwe nechimwe rakakamurwa sectors ane hapana anopfuura 512 bytes mashoko. Chain akatevedzana sectors achiumba sumbu. misoro All kufamba panguva imwe chete nokuda rinokosha motokari pamusoro. Information wakanyorwa pamusoro disks muchimiro pfupi yemagetsi pulses kukanganisa kwavo ferromagnetic penyika.

Saka vanoberekwa nematomhu - zviduku chairema yakayerwa. Uye kuramba kuzarura mubvunzo chii kilobytes, harigoni circumvent nayo.

The hweBazi - byte

In munda kombiyuta matomu iduku zvikuru chairema digitaalinen mashoko. Nderake munhu binary remitemo uye anogona kutora mbiri chete tsika: 0 uye 1. The zvinotevera Pfungwa - bytes - ichitova chairema mashoko anoumbwa 8 matomu, uye nguva dzose vakawanda kubva 2. Dzimwe nguva, nechigumbuso ichi anonzi ane octet. Kubva ichi, mumwe anogona kunzwisisa kuti byte kuti mashoko iduku chikamu.

Asi chii chinonzi Kbytes? Information pakombiyuta yako inochengetwa yakasiyana vhoriyamu, uye pamisi ichangobva kupfuura pamusoro ukuru mafaira vari kungoramba. Tora kunyange kuyeuka: kana yapfuura zvaiita rokugovera 2 gigabytes, zviri ikozvino 4 zvishoma. Saka, pakatanga vezvikwata zvinobva inokosha ukoshi akatorwa nokuda nokuyerwa hombe kukura zvenhau. Kureva kilobytes - rinobva nechigadziko - bytes. Uye vangani matomu por kilobyte - mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu pazasi.

nomukaka

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, dzakabatana yaiwana akatorwa kureva achidzikisa zvinonyatsorehwa kukura. Zvinowanika kwete chete pasango informatics. Kuyera kureba uye mita rinoshandiswa nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka - kiromita nanometer uye nevamwe. Dérivés inoumbwa nokuwedzera kuti byte "churu" pakapfava, "Mega", "giga" uye vamwe.

The akashandisa izwi wokutanga byte Werner Buchholz muna 1956. Sezvambotaurwa, 8-ikakuruma byte anonzi octet (Octet). Kune 4-yati, unonzi nibble (nibble). Uchishandisa kunyaradzana apararira kubva 1789. Pakutanga aiva chivakashure "churu" uye "Mega".

Zviri pachena kuti panguva iyoyo makombiyuta chete akatanga kuvapo, uye uwandu date yaiva duku uye nomukaka ava akaverenga. Zvisinei, yechipiri yezana XX remakore paiva itsva chivakashure "giga", "Tera", uye vamwe. Uye tinogona chete zvokufungidzira kuti kilobytes zhinji dzine - zvizhinji!

Sezvo kushandura nomukaka

Information - zvanzi tichigara, zvatinogona kuona, kunzwa uye kuverenga. The kombiyuta anogamuchirawo mashoko, asi chete yazvo nenzira. Kuti izvi zvidaro, rune tarisisa uye hurongwa Unit, izvo chete kuchengeta zvakaoma disk. Gore negore uwandu ruzivo ichiwedzerwa kakawanda, uye vanhuwo vanoshandisa, imwe nzira kana imwe, atarisana kudikanwa uchatamisa zvimwe zvayo zviumbu yakayerwa kune mumwe. All pachena, isu kuderedza zvinhu zvose patafura, iro rinotaurwa pazasi.

Saka, zviri kuonekwa kuti 1 kB rine 1024 bytes. The chete zvinogona kutaurwa kuti zvimwe nomukaka. Izvi zvinogona kuderedzwa kuti chimiro ichi:

• 1 kilobyte = 1024 bytes;
• 1 megabyte kilobyte = 1024;
• 1 GB = 1024 MB kubva;
• 1 terabyte = 1024 gigabytes;
• 1 PB = 1024 terabytes (uye zvichingodaro).

matomu chete kilobytes rakashandurwa zvishoma zvakasiyana. Pano zvakafanira kufunga kuti mune imwe byte 8 matomu. Izvi zvakataurwa pamusoro. Somuenzaniso, tine kukosha 128 matomu, uye kurishandura kupinda bytes. Achishandisa mutemo uyu, nhamba nematomhu vaifanira kugovera 8. Kureva, kubudikidza kugovera 128 8, tine rudaviro akaenzana 16.

Kubva anogona kunzwisiswa tafura pamusoro payo kuti kombiyuta nokuda kworutivi anogamuchira uye transmits mashoko ose mumutauro wavo, zvinonzwisisika kuti iye chete. Haasi masanga mu kombiyuta zvesayenzi pachine nharaunda ikoko sezvo mapurogiramu. Nyanzvi dzacho kunyora zvirongwa mumutauro kombiyuta, uye zviri chaizvoizvo binary hurongwa. Nepo zvirongwa rinoshandiswa zvikuru uye hexadecimal.

Kubva kilobytes kuti megabytes, zvichingodaro

Zvinonzi kunzwisisa kuti matomu kilobytes kushandura nyore, asi pane zvimwe zviitiko. Vamwe vanoshandisa tinovhiringidza nomukaka zvakadai megabytes, gigabytes uye terabytes. Ainyanya apfuura zvakanga zvakafanira kuti mafaira zvino vava guru. Zvisinei, kudzivisa kuvhiringidzika, unogona kutungamirirwa patafura kumusoro.

Kutaura zvazviri, mashoko ose digitaalinen chinopiwa pakombiyuta yakasiyana chimiro:

• digitaalinen zvinyorwa (yepamutemo yepaIndaneti mapepa, mabhuku, magazini, etc.);
• mifananidzo (mifananidzo, mifananidzo);
• mumhanzi (pane zvakawanda zvinogona MP3, wav, WMA AAC FLAC, etc.);
• mavhidhiyo (clip, mafirimu, pfupi mavhidhiyo).

Muchiitiko chino, mumwe rwamashoko kunoratidzwa inzwi rayo zvichienderana unhu. Somuenzaniso, zvemagetsi zvinyorwa kazhinji zviduku saizi iri makumi zvakawanda kilobytes. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvingava megabytes anoverengeka kukura. e-book ichi, magazini (sei kilobytes zhinji ine rimwe megabyte, isu kare munoziva).

Images vanowanzotevedzera kutora zana shoma kilobytes zvakaoma tikachirega. Zvose zvinoenderana zvakaita reshiyo, izvo zvinozoita ane vakawanda pakubhadhara.

Kana vhidhiyo, zvino tiri kazhinji kutaura pamusoro Vhoriyamu gigabytes anoverengeka uye inobvawo pamusoro format. Movies yepasisa zvikuru nzvimbo, kunyanya kana kuine mavara kutarisana zvinoriumba. The saizi inogona kusvika kusvika 40, 50 kana kupfuura gigabytes.

The date zvazvingava

Kazhinji kuguma vanoshandisa takatarisana okuti kilobits, megabits (Mbit), uye vamwe. Saka date mwero inoratidzwa paIndaneti. Kazhinji, unotaurwa kbit / s kana Mbit / s. Uye kana kuratidza kukura chero faira vakashandisa BYTES, rinoshandiswa kuti kuyera nokukurumidza zvishoma, uye pane kazhinji tinofanira kuziva kilobytes vangani Somuenzaniso, 1 Mbit.

Kuti aite izvi, unogona zvinobva zvinotevera:

• 1 kbit / s = 1000 kana March ¹⁰ matomu por wechipiri;
• 1 Mbit / chik = 1000000 kana 10 ⁶ matomu por wechipiri.

Values ringashandurwa kubva Mbit megabytes kuburikidza kupatsanura pedyo 8. Ndizvo 1 Mbit / s kwaizova 0,125 MB / s.

shanduro Ezvemutauro

On aifanira kubvisa yemagetsi mashoko zviumbu kutarisana nomunhu ane kombiyuta. Kuti aite izvi, pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvirongwa. Vamwe vakasununguka, nepo vamwe vachafanira kubhadhara. Pasinei neizvi, vanobvumira kuti nyore kuti kutendeuka kubva chikwata chimwe.

Uye havadikanwi kukopa kuti kombiyuta yako, kubva pane converters kuti aite paIndaneti ichi. Just kuenda akakodzera zvekuvaka uye kupinda kutsvakwa kukosha, pashure chichakurukurwa dzaona. Saka, zvinokwanisika here kugadzirisa mubvunzo sei kushandura kilobytes pamusoro gigabytes kana megabytes.