Chii ndiwo ari NEP - upfumi nomutemo wemadzimambo USSR ari 1920s?

The New Economic Policy (NEP) - kuva zvoupfumi zviyero ari Bolshevik Party riri kubviswa Soviet Union kubva dambudziko iri 20s remakore rechi20. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro NEP pfupi, ndiko kumutsidzira private matanho.

Zvinokonzera Itsva Economic Policy

Policy hondo komiyunizimu kwakatungamirira aparadzanisa zvoupfumi ukama pakati dzomumaguta uye kumaruwa zvizere. Urban vagari zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo pakuti havana kugamuchira zvakakodzera uwandu musha zvigadzirwa. Traditional exchanges zveupfumi yakatyoka kana guta akatenga zvigadzirwa mumusha nokuda mari. Uyezve, varimi atanga nhevedzano yokumukira pamusoro expropriation zvokudya itsika.

Kakawanda rakanyorwawo zviitiko apo uto matanga muguta mumusha uye akabvisa zvose zvezviyo mumatanda. Sezvo tichiziva, yaiva nenzara kwazvo, saka ratidziro kwebasa vanhuwo zvavo kwakakonzerwa chinangwa zvikonzero muna 1921.

The nyika yakaparadzwa zvachose World Wokutanga Civil War yaparadzwa zvose zvoupfumi ukama dzimwe nyika. Zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwawo nedzenyu ukama. utungamiri Soviet vakanzwisisa kuti panguva ino pasina kudzorerwa ukama dzimwe nyika nyika ichava zvakaoma chaizvo.

Chimwe chikonzero kukundikana mutemo War chiKomonizimu aiva kunzwisisa utungamiriri kuti chimbichimbi yezwi komiyunizimu hazvibviri.

Chii ndiwo ari NEP?

Kushandurwa wokutanga zveupfumi, izvo zvinogona kunzi munhu nokuratidzwa NEP, akatanga muna 1922-1923 azvaitwa. mabasa Main NEP (zvishoma) - vari zviito zvainanga kuvandudza upenyu hwevanhu.

Pakutanga zvakanga zvakakodzera kudzorera akarirasa gadziriro munyika vatanga kuwedzera vagotengeseranamo zvokudya uye maindasitiri zvinhu. The Bolsheviks aifanira kuita zvisati kutsauka vakaronga purogiramu kuchaitwa hupfumi ezvinhu munyika wekutsumwaira yake.

Kuti tinzwisise chii ndiwo ari NEP, enzanisa pamwe mutemo War chiKomonizimu.

The chikuru chepfungwa zvoupfumi nomutemo wemadzimambo Civil War aiva expropriation chezvinhu kubva vanhuwo zvavo. Zviri nyore, hondo kana hurumende vamiririri aigona kutora bezoplatnoy zvigadzirwa. Party utungamiri akanzwisisa kudiwa pakatanga of NEP, netafura kupfuura nguva achaita 1918-1921 uye 1922-1929 makore zvinoratidza ichi zvakajeka.

Events NEP

Under mutemo mutsva hurumende vakatevera vamwe kuchinja. Funga musimboti wenyika NEP ari zvekutepfenyura zvemari.

Sezvaunoziva, makore anoverengeka chinokosha-mari ukama munyika dzakanga rakapotsa nechando. Muna 1922, rimwe mari zvinhu akanga akatakurwa kunze. A mari itsva (ducat) vakaziva nyika dzokuMadokero, saka mukana tiite wokumwe chinjanai kwema. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvozvo ngazve kutengesa zvose muno uye nezvavatorwa vadyidzani.

NEP mune zvokurima

kuchinja kunokosha vakasikwa nokurima. Vanhuwo zvavo pakupedzisira akanzwa azorodzwa pamutoro rechiuto komiyunizimu, nekuti muna 1921, chakagumisa requisitioning. Chokwadi, zvakazara mutero hakuna kubudiswa. mutero chikafu wakatangwa, asi zvakanga pe2 nguva kupfuura mwero yemuraudzo. Kubvumirwa kubhadhara mutero uyu mari. The varombo vanhuwo zvavo vakasunungurwa kubva mutero. Vagari pakarepo kunzwisisa chii musimboti wenyika NEP. chimiro ichi ukama Zvakanaka kwavari, uye vazhinji havana kuda kuenda mumapurazi muna 1930-1932, ukuwo.

indasitiri budiriro

In indasitiri, ari NEP matanho vakanga kukuomesera. Private guta iri kamwe zvakare kukwanisa kushanda siyana mabhora okuwana. Munzvimbo idzi apo hurumende haina kuda kunetesa simba ravo, zviitiko vakavhengana-guta vasangana kumabasa. Kuzvidzora pamusoro basa akaitwa shoma, saka ngaritsive zvoupfumi basa kwava nyore. kuchinja kwakadaro muupenyu ehurumende pakarepo akanzwa vanoita yokumwe vakatanga vanopedzisira akaidza itsva.

Migumisiro NEP muna USSR

NEP mutemo, netafura nayo migumisiro pamberi penyu, asi zvakanaka, akanga vamwe nemigumisiro yakaipa.

Asi kukosha New Economic Policy nguva kukura reSoviet wehurumende rakaoma kuona. The nyika akakwanisa kupora mushure akaoma zviitiko 10-ies remakore rechi20.