Chii reactive simba? Reactive simba muripo. Kukarukureta kuti reactive simba

The Apartments uye misha, mumwe magetsi mutinhimira ari yakaiswa, pamusoro izvo kukarukureta kuti muripo vapera simba. Simplistically vaidavira kuti upenyu chete kushandiswa kwayo vanoshingaira zvinoriumba, kunyange hazvina kudaro. Modern pokugara zvakakangwa mano, mumatunhu chine zvinhu dzisingagari danho. Zvisinei, reactive simba, iyo unopedza midziyo, shoma kupfuura indasitiri, saka kare hanya dzemaitirwe iri muripo.

Plant kana fekitari, izvo utariri hazvirevi kutevera chekubuda parasitic dzenzvimbo achipfuura mutoro redunhu, zvichiita kukuvadza zvikuru simba enyika nharaunda uye nyika yose. maturo chose nenharo mhepo yakapoteredza simba hutachiwana mutsetse; ichitenderera transformers akagadzawo mu substations, haagoni kukunda mitoro, kunyanya panguva yepamusoro nguva.

Mutoro inductive uye capacitive

Kana isu kutora kwakajairika hita kana chiedza girobhu racho, simba raanotaura nhengo zviine mapepa akanamirwa chinu kana ndiro-ndiro, zvichaita dzinoenderana kungoerekana ano tsika inoyerera kuburikidza mudziyo, uye voltage (kwatiri 220 Volts). Mamiriro Kuchinja kana mudziyo unotora munhu transformer, vamwe zvinhu dzine inductors, kana capacitors. zvikamu izvi vane chinokosha ehupfumi, mumwe girafu pakati kuitika kuyerera mazviri shure kana mberi Sine sefungu romugove voltage - mune mamwe mazwi, danho kuchinja kunoitika. Ideal capacitive mutoro Vector inochinja nokuda -90 uye inductive - +90 inegumi. Output mune iyi inova mugumisiro kwete chete ano basa iri voltage, mumwe kururamiswa chinhu inowedzerwa. Chii chinombodiwa kutungamirira?

Geometric chadzera urongwa

Chikoro geometry Chokwadi tose tinoziva kuti hypotenuse Hwakareba kupfuura mamwe maviri mumagakava netriangle zvakanaka. Kana basa, reactive uye kunooneka simba kuumba divi rayo, asi dzenzvimbo ukapisa pedyo coils uye mudziyo achava pamakona chaipo resistive zvinoriumba, asi pamwe mirayiridzo iri pakatarisana mirayiridzo. Kana achiwedzera (kana kuti, kana uchida, kubvisa, ivo raznoznakovye) tsika zvichiguma Vector, kureva zvizere reactive simba, zvichienderana chii yezvakaita mutoro muzvinhu zano kuchabudirira kana pasi. In mirayiridzo yake inogona vatongwe, chii yezvakaita mutoro rikunde.

Reactive simba nokuda Vector kuwedzera yezviri zvinoriumba kuti kupa zvakakwana simba rakawanda. It yakanyatsotsanangura ichifananidzwa simba Triangle hypotenuse. The zvakawanda mutsetse uyu achava negomba papi hama kuti x-akabatana, nani.

Kosi vaFiristiya

The girafu rinoratidza kuti pakona φ inoumbwa vectors maviri, kwakakwana uye kushingaira simba. Pane tsika dzavo dzinosiyana zvishoma nani, asi apedzise Fusion wavo kunodzivisa ari reactive simba, iyo anonzi undesired. Mukuru rekona, dzakanga mutoro pamusoro simba mutsetse, kukwidza richikwidibira hurongwa simba transformers, uye Ukuwo, pedyo ari vectors vanowanzomuitira mumwe, kashoma achava nenharo waya rose cheni. Ndezvomuzvarirwo kuti dambudziko iri chinhu zvaunofanira kuita. Uye mhinduro yakawanikwa, nyore uye kwezvokufuka. The yakawiriranwa muripo womunhu reactive simba anogona kuderedza pakona φ uye kuti paiva cosine (anonziwo simba chakaita) kuti chimwe. To izvi zvinofanira kuwedzera chinoumba Vector capacitive kuti vabudirire resonance kuitika, mavakanga "kudzima" mumwe (Zvakanakisa zvachose, asi tsika - mukuru nenzira).

Dzidziso uye tsika

yokungotaura Masvomhu All kukosha, chikuru vari zvinoshanda uchidzidzira. Mufananidzo chinhu dzakabudirira maindasitiri chirimwa zvinotevera: dzakawanda simba ufungisise injini (synchronous, asynchronous, chimwe-danho, vatatu-danho), uye vamwe michina. Asi kunewo transformers. The mhedziso iri nyore: mune chaiyo kugadzirwa ezvinhu dzaitongwa reactive simba inductive hunhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mabhizimisi kumisa vanopfuura mumwe magetsi mita sezvo mudzimba nemafurati, uye vaviri, mumwe iri kushingaira, uye mumwe - unogona kufungidzira nderipi. Uye nokuda overruns pasina "kudzingirira" achitevedza mitsetse yemagetsi simba tsamba miviri tsitsi faindi, saka kuti kwokubatsira ichocho kuziva chokwadi, kuverenga reactive simba uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira nayo. Zviri pachena kuti pasina capacitance haana kudzora kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.

Muripo pamusoro dzidziso

Kubva apa girafu zviri pachena sei kuti vabudirire rutapudzo pamusoro parasitic dzenzvimbo kusvikira avo zvizere kubviswa, kanenge hunonzi. Kuti vaite izvi zvakafanana nemashoko inductive mutoro capacitor zvinosanganisira dzakasiyana capacitance tsika. The vectors vari kuwedzera achapa zero, uye kuchava chete kubatsira kushingaira zvinoriumba.

The kukarukureta chinoitwa maererano fomura:

• C = 1 / (2πFX), sezvamakaropafadzwa X - zvachose reactance mano ose dziri nemambure; The F - voltage maitikiro (tine - 50 Hz);

Zvinoita sokuti - chii chingava nyore? Muwande «X» uye nhamba "Pi" 50 YES. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvose zvikuru kuoma.

Uye tsika?

The yemaitiro iri nyore, asi kuziva overenga X hakusi nyore kudaro. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kutora ose mashoko pamusoro namano, dzidza reactance yavo, uye vari Vector chimiro, uye kunyange panguva iyoyo ... Chokwadi, hapana munhu asingaiti izvozvo, asi vadzidzi murabhoritari basa.

Kuona reactive simba kunogona kuva imwe nzira, achibatsirwa zano rinokosha - danho meter, chichiratidza simba chinhu, kana nokuenzanisa kuverenga simba meter, ammeter uye voltmeter.

Complicating nyaya kuti iri chaiyo kugadzirwa rikurumidze mutoro ari dzichichinja, sezvo vamwe michina ichishanda vanobatanidzwa, apo vamwe vari akochonorwa kubva pomumbure, sezvo zvinodiwa kugadzirwa purogiramu. Nokudaro, zvakakodzera zvechigarire matanho kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu. Usiku kusuduruka achimhanya zviedza, chando ari zvitoro kungava kudziyisa dzedenga, uye muzhizha - ayo kutonhora. Imwe nzira kana mumwe, asi reactive simba muripo chinoitwa pachishandiswa yokungotaura Masvomhu ane anokudzwa dzinoshanda kuyerwa Kosi φ.

Unobva uye nokuzviparadzanisa capacitors

The nyore chaizvo pachena nzira yokugadzirisa dambudziko - kudyara pedyo Pasika mita kushandiswa mushandi vaizo Rino kana disables neuwandu capacitors, yekuwana shoma huwandu yakatsauka kubva kubatana museve. Saka pakutanga uye takaita, asi tsika kwakaratidza kuti aiva nomukurumbira munhu chinhu hazvibviri nguva dzose kuti vabudirire zvinozoita. Chero zvazvingava, muripo kubva reactive simba, ine zvikurukuru inductive, zvemagetsi kubatana anoitwa runoenzanirana capacitance tsika, asi kuzviita nani otomatiki rudzi, kana vakaregeredza mushandi anogona kuunza chizvarwa zvebhizimisi pasi hombe yakanaka. Zvakare, unyanzvi basa hazvigoni zita, zviri zvikuru amenable kuti kushandisa michina. The nyore zano kunosanganisira Manyiminya Erekitironi peya ane emitter uye chiedza receiver. Arrow akadzikatidza shoma kukosha - ipapo unofanira kuwedzera kugona.

Kushandisa michina uye vakangwara algorithms

Pari zvino pane hurongwa munzvimbo kuti vakachengetwa abate Kosi φ iri kuwanda 0,9 1. Sezvo kubatana kwakaita capacitors mavari kuitika discretely, wakakwana mugumisiro hakungagoni kukwanisika, asi upfumi mugumisiro otomatiki reactive simba compensator achiri anopa zvakanaka chaizvo. Kushanda mudziyo uyu ndivo vakangwara algorithms kuitira nokukurumidza kushandiswa, kazhinji kunyange pasina okuwedzera kurongwa. Kufambira mberi muruzivo rwokugadzira mune zvemichina kombiyuta kuti tikwanise vabudirire yunifomu kubatana pakati mumatanho ose capacitor nemabhangi kuitira kudzivisa vakurumidze kukundikana mumwe kana vaviri. Response nguva iri kushoma uye mamwe inductors kuderedza pamwero mukuru voltage donhwe panguva transients. Modern kuzvidzora bhodhi Eenhede ane yakakodzera ergonomic marongerwo, iyo pave mamiriro kuti nokukurumidza nokuongorora zvinhu pedyo opareta, uye chiitiko petsaona kana nokuputsika, uchachipiwa pakarepo aramu. The mutengo yakawanda cabinet kwakadaro, asi kuchibhadhara zviripo kubatsira kunoita.

compensator mudziyo

Common reactive simba compensator chinhu chesimbi kabati neezvitendero kukura ane tarisisa uye control panel pamberi Panel, kazhinji akazarurwa. Nechepasi payo akaronga kuti capacitors (bhatiri). Urongwa uhwu imhaka uzivi nyore: capacitances chaizvo rinorema, uye zviri zvikuru musoro chido kuti mamiriro akatsiga zvikuru. In yokumusoro chikamu opareta retsono sandara, ndivo zvakafanira kuzvidzora mano, kusanganisira danho chinoratidza, dzatinogona kutonga kwakakura simba chinhu. Panewo zvakasiyana kuratidzwa, kusanganisira aramu, kudzora zvinhu (nokuchinja pamusoro uye kure, chinja kune Chinyorwa rudzi, uye zvichingodaro.). Assessment achienzanisa kuverengwa pakati rwokuyera sensors uye kukura kuzvidzora nezviito (kubatanidza aida chezita capacitor) redunhu anoita, nechigadziko ane microprocessor. Actuators ushande nokukurumidza uye chinyararire, avanotarisira ichavakirwa pamusoro simba thyristors.

The anofungidzirwa kukarukureta pamusoro capacitor nemabhangi

A zviduku emakambani cheni reactive simba inogona nehasha kutongwa maererano nokuwanda kunofambidzana mano achitevedza dzavo danho-ochinja unhu. Saka, munhu kwakajairika asynchronous injini (mukuru "plodder" mafekitari zvinomera) pane mutoro akaenzana hafu yayo simba yavose sezvavakatarirwa, ane Kosi φ, akaenzana 0,73, uye luminaire - 0.5. Parameter kuonana nomoto midziyo anoda kubva 0,8 kusvika 0,9, riemukaari nevira anoshanda pamwe cosine pamusoro φ, zvakaenzana 0,8. Pamatafura iripo chinenge ose chikuru simba, ane mashoko ari marudzi ose maindasitiri zvokushandisa, uye pre-kuisa reactive simba muripo anogona kuitwa kudzishandisa. Zvisinei, mashoko aya anopa chete hwaro pamusoro izvo zvakafanira kuchinja nokuwedzera kana nokuzviparadzanisa kuti capacitor mabhanga.

nyika yose

Inogona kupa pfungwa yokuti hanya chose voltage romugove uye mutoro zvakaenzana paari mamiriro akaisa pamusoro mafekitari nezvimwe maindasitiri mabhizimisi. Izvi hazvisi izvo. Energy hurongwa anodzora Pasika chaishanda National uye remunharaunda sandara, panguva napanobudiwa napo nhumbi kubva simba rayo rinokosha zvakanaka. Chimwe nyaya ndechokuti muripo womunhu reactive zvinoriumba haisi kubudirira kuburikidza capacitor mabhanga, uye mumwe nzira. Kuti ave nechokwadi unhu vaipa simba vatengi vari rotor windings riri chinjika kutsvetera ano kuti synchronous emagetsi haisi dambudziko guru.