Chikamu chakakosha chebhuku muAustr Rus uye kune dzimwe nyika dzenyika

Mabhuku, anoonekwa mumunhu wemararamiro evanhu, pasina mubvunzo akatanga kutamba basa rinokosha mukusimudzirwa kwepasi rose. Nekugadzirwa kwekudhinda, huwandu hwavo hwekushandisa hwawedzera zvakanyanya. Murume wemazuva ano anoda kuyeuka kuti madzitateguru edu nguva dzose aive nechitendero chakanaka chebhuku racho. Munyika dzakare uye dzimwe nyika dzenyika, aive nenzvimbo yakasiyana mune tsika.

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Kugadzirwa kwekunyora nekudhinda mabhuku kwakatungamirira kukuti bhuku rave riri kwemazana emakore nzira iyo hupenyu hwose hunoonekwa nevanhu hunoparadzirwa.

Achishandisa mabhuku, vanhu vanovhenekerwa. Kuvonga nebhuku, vanhu vane mukana wokukurukurirana. Nokuda kweizvi havadi kuti vave pedyo nepedyo. Kukurukurirana kuburikidza nebhuku hazvibvi pane imwe nzvimbo yepakati kana yemazuva.

Chimwe chikamu chakakosha chebhuku muAkare Russia, Europe, Asia yakatungamirira kune kunamatwa kwayo pasi rose uye rudo. Iko kune pfungwa yokuti vanhu vane zvinhu zviviri zvakagadzirwa-kunyora nekudhinda. Zvose zvinongova mugumisiro.

Chishamiso chikuru

Panguva dzose, mune imwe nzvimbo yenyika bhuku racho raifunga sechishamiso chezvishamiso. Mushure mezvose, aigona kuporesa mweya, kumubatsira neruzivo, kupa simba nouchenjeri. Chikamu chakanaka chebhuku muAustralia Russia nedzimwe nyika dzenyika zvakasimbiswa, somuenzaniso, nemashoko akadaro:

• Bhuku ibhuku refuma;
• Bhuku iri rwizi, kuzadza Nyika yose nehupenyu hunopa unyoro;
• Bhuku rinopenya zuva rinovhenekera nzira yevose.

Apo bhuku rokutanga rakaonekwa

Zuva chaiyo uye nzvimbo yekuzvarwa kwebhuku rokutanga harisati rasvika kune masayendisiti. Asi chinonakidza ndechekuti vazhinji veSlavic vanonzwika mazwi akafanana. Uye kunzwisisa kuti iyi ibhuku, rechiRussia, chiUukraine, chiBelorussian, chiCzech, chiPolle, hapana shanduro chaiyo ichadiwa: vanhu vanonzwisisana.

Inosara kuti iite kufunga: murume uyu aiziva nzira dzokugadzira mabhuku, zvaive mumashandisirwo ake kunyange kusati kwave kupatsanurwa kwevanhu pamusoro pemiganhu nemitauro yakaitika. Uye kuchengetedzwa kwemashoko mumutauro wemazuva ano wevanhu vakasiyana-siyana muhupenyu husina kuchinja kunogadzawo mhando chaiyo yebhuku racho.

MuRussia yekare, sekune dzimwe nyanzvi dzemazuva ano dzinoti, mabhuku akanga atovepo pakati pezana remakore rechipiri. Ichokwadi, ivo vainyorwa-ruoko uye havana kufanana nemaonero edu pamusoro pavo. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti kunyange panguva iyo yekuedza kwakaitwa kwakagadzirirwa kutanga nzira yekudhinda.

Kusika kwezvinyorwa zvakange zvakadhura, asi vanhu havana kumira, izvo zvinotaurawo nezveboka rekunyorwa kwebhuku racho. MuAustralia yekare, pfuma iyi yakakosha zvikuru. Mutengo webhuku wakanga wakaenzana nehuwandu hwehuwandu hweimba nezvivako zvose, minda nevasimi vanogara pano.
Nzvimbo huru yechechi mukunyorazve kwebhuku haigoni kupikiswa panguva iyoyo nemunhu. Chechi yakatsanangurawo zviri mukati mevhoriyumu, iyo yakanga iri pasi pezvinodiwa nevefundisi. Mazhinji emabhuku akanyorwazve muRussia akashandurwa.

Kubudirira kwebhuku rokudhinda

Mamiriro ezvinhu akatanga kushandura mushure mekugamuchira chiKristu. Izvi zvakakanganisa kufambiswa kwehukama hwepakati. Munguva iyo yose yakatevera, kereke yakakosha yebhuku muAustrous Rus yakaramba ichigadzirwa.

Girasi yechina yezvimwe zvirongwa zvemazuva ano zvekudzidzisa zvine mazita emabasa ekunyora akasika nenguva apo mabhuku ezvinyorwa zvakanga zvisiri nyaya yechechi. Mienzaniso yekutanga yezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zvepanyika zvakapfuurira kusvikira nhasi. "The Lay of Igor's Host", "Chokwadi cheRussia", "Dzidziso yeVladimir Monomakh" nemimwe mabasa, iyo mienzaniso yezvinyorwa zvekare, inodzidzwa mumakirasi makuru uye akareba echikoro. Izvozvi zvakare rinotaura nezvechitendero chakakosha chebhuku.

Munyika yekare yeRussia, tsanangudzo yehupenyu hwemunhu yakaitika zvichienderana nokuti anoziva kuverenga, kuti anoziva sei kuverenga nokunyora. Nokudaro, kwete vashumiri vechechi chete, vatongi vezvematongerwo enyika, asiwo vapoteri, varwi, vashandi vakagadzirwa kubhuku. Uchapupu hweizvi - akawanda birch mabark mabark uye zvimwe sampuro yekunyora, izvo zvinowanikwa nevanochera matongo uye vanoongorora zvakaitika kare.