Pasi-ye-clock warden - guta remapurisa muRussia Empire

Muchengeti wewadi ari mukuru wepamusoro-soro mumapurisa eguta reTsarist Russia. Nzvimbo yakadaro yakasimuka muna 1867 uye yakabviswa muna 1917, nekuuya kwesimba reBolshevik.

Pasi pevarindi vakanga vari mumaguta makuru, akadai kuMoscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, nezvimwe. Vakanga vari pasi pepamusoro pemapurisa emunharaunda, ivo vaive nevanhurume semapurisa.

Zvinotarisirwa kune vanobvumirwa nematambudziko

Vanhu vari mumakore makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu vakatorwa kumabasa ehurumende sechirinda chechirongwa. Vashandi vanofanira kunge vakamboshanda muuto kana kuti vane ruzivo rwebasa rehurumende.

Iko kunamatira kwemangwana kunofanira kunge kune dzidzo yakanaka, ichinyatsogadzirwa uye, nekuwedzera, iite zvakanaka.

Vagadziri vakakodzera kumiganhu yese vakanyoreswa munzvimbo yakakwirira, kwavakadzidziswa uye, pakupera kwekuongorora, vakabata chiitiko chacho. Mushure mekubudirira kwekufambisa komisheni, vatariri vedare vakatumirwa kune vashandi vakuru uye vakagamuchira ndima inotarisirwa (parishi).

Kupa

Muchengeti wemapurisa makuru, paakachengetwa, akagamuchira mubhadharo wemakumi maviri emabhururi. Paakaenda kune imwe nzvimbo yakasununguka mumapurisa, mari yegore negore yakaverengwa muzvikamu zvitatu uye yakaenzana, zvichienderana, kusvika 600, 660 uye 720 rubles.

Kuti uchinzwisise zviri nani mubhadharo wehutungamiri uyu, unogona kutumira tsarist rubles muchiyero chemazuva ano reRussia mari. Nokudaro, nguva dzose yeboka rakaderera rakagamuchira 59.431 rubles. Mwedzi.

Mutariri anotarisirwa mabasa

Mukuru wepamutemo wemapurisa eguta, uyo aionekwa semapurisa wesuwa, akaita mabasa akawanda akasiyana-siyana. Aifanira kudarika nzvimbo yakapiwa kwaari, mukati mevanhu 3000-4000 vagari vomunharaunda vaigara uye vachitevera kutevedzwa nemitemo yehupenyu hwevanhu. Imwe mirayiridzo yakazara yakatangwa nemasimba eMoscow yaisanganisira mapeji anopfuura 300.

Mupurisa aifanira kuziva zvose nezvenzvimbo yake. Basa rake raifanira kuziva munharaunda ye "vatorwa" vagari venyika, kunyora zvinyorwa mumhosva yezvikanganiso zvakasiyana-siyana.

Sezvo kune mapurisa emunharaunda yemazuva ano, munhu wose aive nebenzi pamusoro pekunyunyuta. Muchengetedzi wacho haana kushambidza zvakanaka chando chacho - mutariri ane mhosva (haana kuzviona zvakanaka). Iyo imbwa yakarohwa nemumwe munhu - zvaive zvakakodzera kuti munhu akangodaro aone kuti imbwa yaive ani uye kutora matanho kuvaridzi vayo.

Muchengeti wewadi akanga asina kodzero yekudana vanhu panzvimbo yake kana muimba. Yese mibvunzo, kugadzira mapepa anodikanwa, kutumira subpoenas, yakapfuura, sezvavanotaura, "muminda".

Form parish inspector mu tsarist Russia

Mumwe mutariri weunifomu akavimba nomutariri wewadi, uyo akapfeka nekirasi. Kana aive nenzvimbo yehurumende, ipapo fomu yake yakanga yakakodzera. Zvisinei, kazhinji aive nenzvimbo ye sergeant mukuru kana mukuru wevasina kutumwa mukuru, munyaya iyi junifomu yake yakanga yakasiyana.

Mapurisa eHurumende yeRussia, mumunhu wechirindi chechirongwa, aipfeka mabhandi madema nemarimu matsvuku uye mavara akafanana, yunifomu yakapetwa kaviri yakasungirirwa kune zvikorekedzo. Iyo koro, cuffs uye rutivi rwakange rwakashongedzwa nemutsvuku mutsvuku.

Iyi mhemberero yakange yakazara sezuva rega rega, kunze kwemazariro esirivha galloon pamakate.

Zvishongo zvaive nemahombodo echacquer, asi yaivawo parachute yakabvumidza kuisa pamagoshesi, pamashure ayo maiva nemakomba emashizha, akaputirwa nemahwendefa emhangura.

Muchengeti wepaulettes akavharidzirwa akapfeka ruvara, akashongedzwa pakati nepakati petafura yakakura.

Zvombo uye zvimwe zviito zvepakati

Sezvo mushumiri wemutemo, nhengo yemapurisa e-tsarist aifanira kutakura zvombo. Vakanga vakapfeka maneki wepurisa nebhasi yesirivha, revolver mune hollster yakasviba, kana Smith & Wesson revolver.

Iwe haugoni kufungidzira mupurisa asina rwiyo rwake ruremekedzo. Akanga akasungirirwa kuruboshwe rworunifomu yake uye aiva neketani yakareba yesimbi. Nekubatsirwa kwemherera kwenguva refu, muchengeti wekuronga anogona kukuvadza kusimbisa uye kudana kuti uve nerunyararo rwevanhu vanomutswa.

Ipapoti yacho inokoshawo chikamu chechifananidzo chemukuru uyu. Mhando dzose dzemagendas nemitemo, izvo zvakanyorwa pamusoro uye zvisina kunze, zvakaratidza kuvhara nguva dzose kwezvinhu izvi. Dzimwe nguva akanga asina nguva yakakwana yokuparadzira mapepa aya kumatare.

Chokwadi chinofadza kubva paupenyu hwezvinokonzera

Muchengeti wewadi akanga asina kodzero yokupinda kumitambo yevanhu uye mitambo semunhu wega. Akarambidzwa kuenda kumahofisi nemaresitorendi munguva yake yekuzorora nekuzorora pamatafura emashambadzi muchitenderedzwa cheshamwari.

Aigona kunyange kuroorana chete nemvumo yameya, mutemo uyu wakaparadzirwa, nenzira, kumapurisa.

Nguva imwe neimwe, achisiya mapurisa, varindi vedare vaifanira kuzivisa vatungamiri vake kwaaienda uye kuti aizokurumidza kuwanika kana zvichidiwa.

Kusvikira 1907 mapurisa aifamba netsoka, uye mushure mechirevo chepamusoro cheya meya, maitiro aigona kushandisa mabhasikoro, izvo zvakakonzera upenyu hwavo husina kunaka.

Mapurisa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, aifanira kuenda kumitambo uye kunzwisisa nhema. Kubva muna 1876, pamatambo ose, mapurisa aifanira kusununguka, akagara mune imwe chikwata chaichengetedzeka. Haana kungotarisa urongwa panguva yekushanda, asiwo akaita sechinhu chinotyisa.

Mufananidzo wehurumende yakaora

Kuva hukama huri pakati pehuwandu hwemagetsi ehurumende, mupurisa airemekedzwa zvikuru. Pamberi pake, vatengesi vezvitoro zvakawanda, nevatori vematunhu ehurumende, uye vanhu vomunharaunda yakawanda vakatanga kutora nyasha.

Iyi mafungiro inokonzerwa nehofu pachinzvimbo chezviremera izvi. Paaibvunzurudza, mapurisa akawanda akanyatsoratidza kuti kana aine chivimbo chemuviri kubva kumunhu akafungidzirwa, mupurisa aigona kutarira maziso akawanda asingadi uye mamwe mashoko.

Kuiswa kwemutemo wakaoma panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yokutanga yakashanda seimwe chikonzero chekugamuchira zviokomuhomwe. Kuvhara basa rekuchera kwevekuchera, vatengesi vakave nehutano humwe huwandu hwekuwana mari, zvisinei kwete nemutemo.

Mukunyengedza, uyu mukuru wehurumende anowanzomiririra semafungiro akareruka, ane usimbe uye anofarira. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mapurisa ari mupenyu kusvikira nhasi. Kunyangwe, kana iwe uchifunga pamusoro pazvo, basa rekuchengetedzwa kwepamutemo uye pasi peTsar, uye nhasi - basa rakakura risingawanzwisisiki.