Chikwereti Ukraine: emuchina, Lenders, chikwereti pamari yezvikwereti iri kubhadharwa

Hurumende chikwereti - kutaridza chikwereti nokubatira munyika Makambani, vanhu uye vamwe inoti, masangano omunyika dzakawanda chokuita issuance yemutoo wezvikwereti uye rubatsiro rwemari. The paruzhinji chikwereti Ukraine une zvakawanda zvinoti:

• zvikwereti kuti hurumende nechepakati;
• zvikwereti kune kwematunhu uye nemakanzuru masimba;
• Zvikwereti yakaungana akaiti mapoka pamwe paruzhinji upfumi.

Mukupera nyaya, nyika ine kubhadhara chitsama chinonyatsoenderana kuenderana ayo chikamu dzesangano racho guru.

Marudzi chikwereti

Mutsindo zvikwereti hurumende iri muchimiro mhando mbiri:

1. External zvikwereti munyika. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose vakakwereta mari vakanga yaainge vatorwa inoti kana munyika dzakawanda mari masangano. zvikwereti izvi vanobatanidzwa chakakomba kwokunze chikwereti Ukraine.
2. Domestic chikwereti kunyika. To chimiro ichi chikwereti zvinosanganisira mari yakatorwa kubva varidzi kuchengetedzeka, hunde kana zvimwe zvikwereti.

Tikwanise chikwereti Ukraine yakaumbwa somugumisiro guru zvemari zvikwereti, makondirakiti zvibvumirwano nokuda issuance kuti chikwereti uye zvikwereti. Kunosanganisirawo zvikwereti wekare, izvo hurumende vakakumbira kunonoka. Pano tiri kutaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvakadai kuwedzera uye kugadzirisa chikwereti rweUkraine. Kugadzirisa - ndiwo kwomugore chikwereti, iro rinoshandiswa sezvo zvagara. majeure simba kwakadaro kunogona kuva kupfupika anokwereta mari nzvimbo pachinhu munyika - default.

Dynamics 2016

Kutanga muna 2012, chikwereti Ukraine yawedzera ne $ 26 billion. Nokuti gore ano hurumende abvumirana IMF mashoma zvikwereti tranches.

Current fiscal wokuti ehurumende kunosanganisira kwete chete chemhosva yekare zvikwereti, sezvo zvichiita achitora vatsva. Chinangwa kuva huru chikwereti mari. Kureva, muna 2016 hurumende muUkraine kuwana Tera kuti vanosvika bhiriyoni 10 emadhora, uye kubhadhara chikwereti kubudikidza chete nehafu bhiriyoni.

Vaimbove Prime Minister of Ukraine Arseniy Yatsenyuk akati kuti panguva yake gavhuna hurumende akadzidza kutora "kodzero" kuderedza uwandu zvikwereti uye zvikwereti. mhedziso iyi yakaitwa nokuda kusaina chesungano kugadzirisa. Lenders Most vakaoneka iyi ngaakuitirei pamwe rakanyorwa kure zvikwereti rweUkraine. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti yaipedzerwa zvikwereti yakaderera kubva 73 kusvika mabhiriyoni 66 emadhora. Kana iwe vagovane yaipedzerwa zvikwereti yose vakawanda, asi paminiti capita nyaya inenge maviri nehafu nezvishanu zvamadhora.

Asi kunyange pamberi zvimwe zvinhu zvakanaka chikwereti Ukraine kuti ichiri kukura. Saka, muna 2014 nokuda depreciation National mari pachena chikwereti yakawedzera anenge tiririyoni Hryvnia.

"Credit Yanukovych"

Mumwe zvikwereti, izvo zvisina akabata kugadzirisa - ibasa rweUkraine kuRussia. Akaramba chete uye yaiva $ 3 bhiriyoni. Uye ichi ndicho chete muzvishanu uwandu kuti yakumbira Viktor Yanukovych ari kure 2013. Pakutanga akabvuma mari yaiva mabhiriyoni 15 emadhora.

Agamuchira kuramba yeRussian Federation kuti chikumbiro kunyora kure chikamu chikwereti, hurumende akazivisa kuturika nezvavaiita kuti mutsividzo of chikwereti panjodzi. Kureva hurumende rinoziviswa insolvency wayo zvemari.

Kubva 2016 ari Russian Federation akazivisa chinangwa chacho kunokumbira. Asi kunyange zvazvo munhu akakweretesa uye okunyanyisa matanho kudzorera mari yakanga yatorwa, kuti Cabinet akati kuti chibvumirano ingasvikwa pasina litigation. Zvino pane nhaurirano panyaya panguva dzakasiyana-siyana mumatunhu, asi wengava Ukraine kuna Russia uye anoramba vasingabhadharwi.

Anokwereta uye Lenders

Part of voruzhinji chikwereti kumusoro zvisungo kuti vave yatengwa nemakambani "Oschadbank", "Ukravtodor", "Southern", "yechiUkraine Railways." Kazhinji, uwandu Eurobonds izvi ndizvo mabhiriyoni 16 emadhora.

Nyika chikwereti vari kunyanya dzakawanda masangano mari yakadai World Bank, International Monetary Fund, European Union, European Bank. Makore maviri apfuura, hurumende Ukrainian akabvuma purogiramu-gore mana, musimboti iyo iri chokwadi chokuti IMF achatuma kadhi tranches mukutsinhana imwe kuchinja zvoupfumi.

pamari yezvikwereti iri kubhadharwa

rimwe inzwi nyanzvi mune dzezvoupfumi hurumende kuti vakawanda zvikwereti pabasa zvakaoma. In mamiriro ano nehurumende hahugoni kuvapo pasina nokukwereta.

Nokuti chiito waidzora chikwereti chezvawanyora kukura upfumi, achikwezva wokumwe inivhesitimendi.

The dzinonetsa pamwero basa 60% kubva GDP. Muganhu ichi yagara akapfuura mamiriro. Zviito Vose hurumende mugore ano richashandiswa nechokwadi kuti chikwereti Ukraine chave maduku ari chikamu yokuoma exponent.