Chirangaridzo kunzwisisa "Brest Fortress". Fort Defense Museum

Brest Fortress - mumwe anokosha hurongwa. It rave wakapata inokosha basa hondo siyana. Zvisinei, chete mumazuva Mukuru Patriotic War, zvakava pachena zvinorehwa kuvakwa uye ayo kukosha nokuda Soviet Union, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva hombe chechokwadi.

Brest Fortress: History kusvikira 1914

Kutaurwa yemberi nzvimbo Brest Fortress munzvimbo yokutanga anogona kuwanikwa "The zvakaedza yakapfuura Years". Mumazuva iwayo rayakavambwa yokugara inonzi Birch omuti, iyo yose ivepo rave achinja zita rayo uye muridzi. Muna 1795 Berestye, kunzi Brest-Litovsk, yaiva chikamu Russian Empire.

Panguva iyoyo pfungwa kuvaka nhevedzano nhare muganhu wokumavirira umambo. Kuwanda nemisha, pedyo izvo ichavakwa dzakadzivirirwa uye akaenda Brest-Litovsk. Construction wakakombwa rakatanga muna 1833 uye kwemakore mapfumbamwe. Muchirimo 1842 wakakombwa vakava operative.

Brest-Litovsk rava chaiye inokosha raiva pedyo nebundu kuti ane dzakabudirira richikurukura njanji uye dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana, nemhaka iyi hwava kufarira. Muna 1909 kwakasarudzwa kuti kusimbisa nhare, makore mana gare gare basa rakatanga pamusoro mazuvaano.

Brest Fortress: The World War First

Yanhasi chirangaridzo kunzwisisa "Brest Fortress" rakabatsira chihombe basa World War First. Pakutanga hondo yakanga ichiri pasi kuvakwa panguva padariro mazuvaano, saka mainjiniya nekukurumidza basa rinoitwa kusimbisa nhare. The vomunzvimbo ari kushingaira kubatsira vavaki.

Muna August 1915 mauto eRussia akasiya ari Brest Fortress, nyaya kuti kwakakatyamadza nyika. zvombo uye zvose zviripo pfuma vakatorwa. Zvose kuti havana kukwanisa kutora panze, vavaki nhare akapisa nemabhiriji zvaishandiswa nomukondombera kumusoro. A Mazuva mashoma yeAustria uye German mauto mundokunda guta.

Mushure World War First pamusoro munharaunda Belarus ano vaiti Poland uye USSR. Muna 1919-1920 nguva yacho Brest Fortress wabva ruoko kuisa, chibvumirano yakanga yakasainwa muna 1921, maererano iro rave vachimhanya yokupedzisira muganhu pakati Russia, Poland, kuti Ukraine uye Belarus.

Great Patriotic War

Mumwe Zvivako sei kutanga somugumisiro Yechipiri World War - the Brest Fortress. June 22, 1941, iye yakarohwa ne nechisimba Nazi nechisimba. Panguva iyo yakarwisa Soviet Union munhare paiva vanhu vanenge 7000, pakati pavo pakanga muchiuto Soviet uye vanhuwo zvavo.

Nomurayiro Wehrmacht vakaronga kuti amutore kuti maawa mashoma, zvisinei, mauto eSoviet akanga akamiswa uye akadzivirira nzvimbo kwevhiki akaomesa musoro. Invaders kunyange kwenguva shomanana aifanira kudzvinyirira muhomwe kurwisa kumeso nevamwe vevatambi - vanotsigira Brest.

Brest Fortress, 1941 munhau iyo yakachinja, zvino chiratidzo heroism uye ushingi, uye kunyange panguva iyoyo, panguva Great Patriotic War, yaiva nhare tariro. VaNazi shelled guta kwenguva refu, achiparadza mapaipi mvura uye kuchengetwa, kutaura, uye vanhu.

The heroism of nevanozvitsigira

Atirari nevaFascist Kurwisa vakangoerekana vatsamwirana uye nevanozvitsigira vakatadza cohere nguva kurwisa, saka yakanga yakarongwa akawanda nhare. Brest Fortress, 1941 nokuti raiva mutsindo, akapa mumweya nechiso mapoka maduku nemasoja. Vakaita bhayoneti mutariri.

Ndicho Brest Fortress, sei mazuva mazhinji vanyatsowana ayo vakarwira kubva nevaNazi, paiva dzakawanda dzinoti mafirimu bara aigona kuti haana kupfuura yose dambudziko zvinhu. Maererano vagari Brest mazuva iwayo, akanga ravane kusvika August 1941, asi pakupedzisira nemasoja Soviet vanenge 6 zviuru vakatorwa musungwa.

Chirangaridzo kunzwisisa "Brest Fortress" akaita vakakwanisa kuchengeta zvose uchapupu panguva, iyo unogona chamber kufambira mberi zviitiko. Nokuti kwokudzivirira Soviet nemauto muna 1121 akakwanisa kuparadza murwi Wehrmacht, riri vanenge 5% Nokurasikirwa vehondo, izvo vokuGermany vakatambura muvhiki yokutanga hondo.

kutambura Brest

Nokuti zvose nguva basa panguva WWII Brest Fortress vakarasika vanenge 40 zviuru nevanozvitsigira. upfumi veguta rakaparadzwa zvachose. Heroes-liberators akadzokera Brest asi muna July 1944, pamwe chete nevarwi 1st Byelorussian Front. Zvinosuruvarisa nevanozvitsigira zhinji wakakombwa dzakawira muhondo, asi ndangariro dzavo achiri mupenyu mwoyo veko.

Pashure okuguma Great Patriotic War, nhare yaida gadziridzo, kugadziriswa chaiitirwa pamusoro akawanda. Muna May 1965, nhare vakawana musoro gamba, uye kunyange makore matanhatu gare gare rainzi "The chirangaridzo kunzwisisa" Brest Fortress " '. It apinda musara zvivako, izvo akaramba ndangariro zvizvarwa zvaizotevera.

kunzwisisa

kunzwisisa Chirangaridzo "Brest Fortress" rinoumbwa Defence Museum uye guva "Ushingi", inoshandiswa siyana nziyo, rinomirira Zvikamu akawanda chose hondo akashinga of nevanozvitsigira. Munogona kutarisa necropolis, izvo zvichiri ane zvasara vanhu 850 vakanga pakudzivirira Brest Fortress.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvikamu chirangaridzo - chivezwa "Nyota", iro chiratidzo njodzi njodzi nevanozvitsigira nyota uye kuti vakasangana nokuti kuti vokuGermany akadzikatidza kuenda kurwizi. Muna February 1992, rakazaruka riri ritenderane miziyamu rechiuto kubwinya aviators.

Next Mutsika

City apo Brest Fortress - Brest - kakawanda akazviratidza kuchiitwa mafirimu uye mabasa mabhuku Soviet hwakatsaurirwa Guru Patriotic War. Pakati pavo - the "Haufi Garrison", "The Battle for Moscow"; "I - varwi Russian," uye zvakawanda. The chirangaridzo kunzwisisa yakazarukira ose zuva, kunze Chipiri, uye ipapo unogona tinyatsoziva zvose izvi mabasa. Uyezve, dzemunharaunda dzemitambo kazhinji zvakakwana kuratidza mafirimu pamusoro Great Patriotic War.

Brest Fortress, nhoroondo iyo excites pfungwa chizvarwa chanhasi zvinoratidzwa miziyamu, akazaruka kubva 9 am kusvika maawa 18, pamwe mazano uye yenzendo vanobhadharwa, mutengo kubvuma inokurudzirwa kujekesa mune tsika. The miziyamu Unobudisawo ari kuratidza "Museum Wehondo - Territory Rugare", riri kurutivi rwezasi-okumabvazuva dzaive wenhare uye yakazaruka zuva nezuva kubva 10 am kusvika 19 pm. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvakanyatsonanga pachine chirongwa uye kuwana excursions, nokuti ichi unogona kutaura runhare 375 (162) 20-00-32.