Chirevo pamusoro Land 1917. Land kuchinja muna 1917

Chirevo pasi 1917 rakazoshandiswa zuva mushure Great October Socialist Revolution (November rataurwa gore rechisere). Maererano sumo yake, wakaparadza pfuma landlords panyika pasina muripo.

Prerequisites nokuti kuitwa gwaro rino akazviratidza nguva musi waro kusunungurwa. Chokwadi kuti chirongwa Bolshevik aishora nevamwe zvirongwa huripo panguva mapato angade kuti haasaruri tobvuma asina kushandura rose capitalist ezvinhu seboka, kusanganisira pasina kuchinja kodzero nyika.

April zvichemo anorayira sehwaro ramangwana

Chirevo pamusoro Land muna 1917 hwakabuda pakati Lenin kuti April zvichemo, raakanga vakaparidza zuva rechina April. Muhurukuro yake, Lenin akati panguva zvakafanira torera zvose aburuka matunhu uye uchatamisa navo kuitira kuti asimbise munhu Council of Agricultural Vashandi 'uye Varimi' wevatariri, izvo zvinofanira kusanganisira vamiririri varombo mhuri. Mumwe guru aburuka Estates, yaisanganisira 100 kusvika 300 murimi mudiki homesteads, aifanira kusika muenzaniso purazi pasi pokudzora Agricultural Vashandi 'wevatariri. Zvinofanira akati kuti kutsigira pfungwa dzakadaro rokutanga vateereri kuti zvichemo Lenin haana kuwana, uye vamwe (AA Bogdanov - musayendisiti, remangwana mutungamiriri wokutanga Institute ropa munyika) vakawana ravings dzavo pamusoro anopenga. Zvisinei, havana kunge mvumo ne Hwechitanhatu Congress of Bolshevik Party, yaiitwa 8-16 musi August 1917 gore.

Ideas mutungamiriri chimurenga - kuti vakawanda!

In April ake zvichemo VI Akataura kuti Bolsheviks dziri Soviet Workers 'vevatariri duku vashoma, saka unofanira kuparadzira pfungwa webato kushingaira zvavo, uye kuti zvakaitwa, uye zvikuru kubudirira. Pane nyaya iri September naOctober 1917, apo vanhuwo zvavo rioted mune imwe munharaunda, achiperekedzwa pogroms, dzimba matunhu uye chinodiwa landlords "muvauraye dzinotaurwa" pasi mungozi upenyu. Naizvozvo, chirevo pamusoro Land (1917), munhu akadarika chikamu, richisvika nhoroondo dzinotsanagura nguva.

Nyika nyaya yave kutanga kwenguva refu

dambudziko nyika murimi mudiki kwava akakodzera Chokwadi, kwete muna 1917, asi zvikuru kwokutanga, uye akanga nokuti kuti vokumaruwa vane basa aina chete nezviyo akatungamirira shomanana kuvapo munzvimbo zhinji tsarist Russia, vachitengesa zvakanakisisa anogadzirwa uye vachidya ainyanyisa, vachirwadziwa uye kufa. Vakapona Zemstvo nhamba (mu Rybinsk uye Yaroslavl Province), maererano iyo kare muna 1902, 35% mapurazi munharaunda asina bhiza, uye nenguva 7,3% - kunyika.

An musiyano zvikuru muna mitero kuna Revolution

Varimi, uyo nechido vakatanga Chirevo pamusoro Land muna 1917, asati ayo kusunungurwa kwemakore akawanda vakatora minda uye mabhiza rendi, kubhadharwa varidzi senzira kugadzirwa (kusvika hafu zvirimwa) uye hurumende (mitero). Ekupedzisira vaipfuura zvinokosha, sezvo nezvegumi nyika kunodiwa kuunza muchivigiro 1 Ruble. 97 COP., Uye zvibereko chete chegumi (mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka okunze) kwaingova anenge 4 rubles. Zvakakodzera kufunga kuti munhu anokudzwa mapurazi akanga kuzviuru mutero kuna masendi maviri (!) Nokuti chete chegumi, kunyange munda vakanga vakaenzana pakukura 200-300 murimi mudiki Holdings.

Chirevo pamusoro Land muna 1917 akapa varimi mukana kubvuta kwete muridzi asiwo yakananga, chechi uye yemamongi nyika kuvanhu vose mukati pfuma yavo. runofarira izvi aiva zvakaoma shure vaya vakasiya nyika muguta. Somuenzaniso, muna Yaroslavl mudunhu vanenge 202 000 zvidimbu mapasipoti yakapiwa muna 1902. Izvi zvaireva kuti nhamba yevanhu (zvikurukuru) wabuda mapurazi avo. Earth mano Cossacks uye vanhuwo zvavo havana pasi nezvokubvuta.

Tsamba varimi - chinokosha

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chirevo pasi muna 1917, ndokukweverwazve kumusoro pahwaro "murimi mudiki wemirayiro" anenge 240 pepanhau "Izvestia Russian Soviet Varimi 'vevatariri. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti gwaro iri kunofanira kutungamirirwa akavhiyiwa pamwe pasi kusvikira Constituent Assembly.

Kurambidza pachake wenyika iyo

Chii akatevera nyika kutendeuka muna 1917? Chirevo pasi anoratidza maonero varimi kuti kuchava zvikuru akanaka ezvinhu pasi iyo nyika haingayananisirwi voga anazvo. It anova ruzhinji pfuma uye anoenda kubasa vanhu payo. Panguva iyoyowo payo waiti vaya kukanganiswa "pfuma chimurenga" kodzero kwekanguva ruzhinji rutsigiro kuchinjira kumamiriro ezvinhu matsva oupenyu.

In ndima yake wechipiri Chirevo pamusoro Land (1917) akataura kuti subsoil uye mvura huru miviri vari pachena, apo penzizi zviduku uye madhamu zvaive munzvimbo dzine hurumende dzeko. Gwaro rakawedzerazve kuti "zvikuru cultured rabha", kureva mapindu, greenhouses, enda neHurumende kana kuti vomunharaunda (zvichienderana pakukura), uye musha minda neminda yemiti vari pavanatenzi vavo, asi ukuru munzvimbo uye pamwero kwemitero pavari unosimbiswa mutemo.

Mibvunzo haana chokuita nyika

Chirevo pamusoro Nyika 1917 kwakakanganisa nyika nyaya kwete chete. Rinotaura kuti bhiza mapurazi, maberekero yehuku uye zvipfuwo vari kuva National pfuma uye zvakaitika hurumende, vabatsirwe munharaunda kana anogona kuregerwa (mubvunzo yakaramba iri Constituent Assembly kusarudza).

Household midziyo kubva yokutorazve nyika kutapurirwa varidzi itsva pasina muripo, asi dzidziso aisafanira kusiya pasina kuti madiki varimi.

Ndirini chirevo pasi, yakanga vaifunga kuti mugove munyika vangasangana vose vanogona kubata navo pachavo, mhuri kana kudyidzana pasina kushandisa unokubatira basa. Kana basa remaoko vapore incapacity kumunhu vanhu vokumaruwa akabatsira kubata nyika yake, asi kwete nemakore anopfuura maviri. Zvino murimi akanga akwegura uye asingagoni pachake kushanda panyika, anorasikirwa kodzero kurishandisa mukutsinhana imwe mudyandigere kubva mamiriro.

Mumwe nomumwe maererano zvaaida

Zvinokosha kucherechedza ezvinhu akadai kugovera nyika maererano nezvavanoda, zvichienderana okunze, paumbwe imwe munyika mari neKomisheni munharaunda mumunda uye nenguva Headquarters (ari musango). Land Fund aigona redistributed kana achinja vakawanda kana yauinayo mugove. Kana mushandisi kunosiya pasi, inoyerera shure kupinda mari uye zvingadai kuwana mumwe munhu, kunyanya hama pamudyandigere nhengo munharaunda. In ichi chinokosha kuvandudzika (amelioration, fetiraiza nezvakadaro.) Yaifanira kubhadharwa.

Kana nyika Fund haana kukwana kudyisa vanhu vanogara mairi vanhuwo zvavo, tichiregeredza ehurumende raifanira rakarongeka Resettlement vanhu nerubatsiro Inventory. New nzvimbo vanhuwo zvavo vaifanira kutama zvinotevera kuti: zvido, ipapo "zvakaipa" nhengo munharaunda, etc. - navashanduki, uye vakasara - nemijenya kana chibvumirano mumwe.

Inobva kumusoro, zvinogona kunzi Chirevo pamusoro Land vakagamuchirwa nokuda II All-Russia Congress of vokuSoviet, achishandisa zvinowanikwa panguva ezvoupfumi uye enyika mamiriro ezvinhu. Zvichida chete vakanochengeta pezvakaitwa zvakaitika munyika uye vakanga chisingadzivisiki.