Dreyk Frensis - Chirungu aiongorora uye privateer: Biography, zvinonakidza zvinhu

Frensis Dreyk - aidzidzisa, akawana uye kufarira Buccaneer Mambokadzi England. ugamba ake uye nzendo akaita zvakawanda mutsvake huru expanses penyanza. Zvisinei, vashomanana chete akakwanisa kusvika padanho pfuma uye mukurumbira, izvo nevakange Frensis Dreyk.

Biography

The ramangwana aiongorora akaberekerwa Middle England, mwanakomana murimi akapfuma. Dreyk Frensis aiva mwana mukuru mumhuri yakakura. Sezvo mwanakomana mukuru, yaaizofanira zvebhizimisi yababa vake, asi moyo muduku Francis zvaiva mugungwa. Nechekare pazera 12 akava kabhini mukomana ari mutengesi chikepe mumwe wehama dzake dzakawanda. Kushingaira uye nokutsanya kudzidza zvomumvura nesayenzi vakabatsira nevamwe vake. Muridzi wacho saka kwakafadza muduku Dreyk Frensis kuti, kufa, akasiya yaimbova Junge chikepe nhaka. Drake makore Saka pa18 okuberekwa anova mukuru wake chikepe.

musikana rwendo

Pakutanga, kufanana vose vehondo nezvikepe zvavatengesi, Dreyk Frensis akadzinga zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana nokuda zvebhizimisi zvinangwa muumambo yeBritain. Muna 1560, Sekuru Drake, Dzhon Hokins, vakandoteka nezvokubudirira chokunyevera kuperevedza basa iri yecocoa Yenyika Itsva. Pfungwa kuunza Native American rokumanikidzirwa haana kubudirira - maIndia asingadi kushanda, kwete kutya kutambudzwa uye rufu, uye hama dzavo vane bhowa tsika kutsiva vanhu chena kubiwa uye vakatambudzwa nokuda Redskins.

Chimwe chinhu - varanda. Vaikwanisa auye pamwe kondinendi Black, kutenga trinkets nokuti, tengesa kana kutengeserana. Nokuti isu kurarama muzana remakore rechi21, mashoko aya kuridza rokumhura. Asi ive wokuEngland remakore rechi16 yakanga chete bhizimisi - kufanana zvimwe.

Kutengesa muvanhu

Mitemo yeNyika Itsva akatenderwa kutengesa varanda chete nevaya vaipa Trading House Thiruvananthapuram. Asi kudiwa varanda vakapfuura zvikuru inogona yezvokutengeserana sangano, uye colonists akatambura inorema varasikirwa. Varidzi tii yecocoa, kofi, donje, uye fodya vaida kubhadhara mari wakanaka kokupata basa.

Hawkins akasarudza pangozi nayo. Paaibuda urongwa rake vanoverengeka zvokutengeserana makambani, uye vakamupa mari kutanga. Nechekare musikana rwendo kuNew World pamwe dzevanhu achapiwa ndanyarara hangu nokuda mari inenge yashandiswa mune kambani. Kunyange zvazvo zvakanga vaidavira kuti zviito Hawkins hapana chakaipa yekare mutyairi kuita pfuti uye nepfuti, kana ani gavhuna haribvumirani nepfungwa nzira basa rayo. Mitero iri nemabhizimisi kugara zvakagadziridzwa chefuma England. Vols dzinoverengeka Africa kuNew World akaita Hawkins uye ake vanoitisana akapfuma chaizvo vanhu.

Enterprise Hawkins, Drake

On wechitatu rwendo Hawkins akatora mwana womukoma wake Francis Drake uye samazuva ose akaenda mhenderekedzo Africa kuti vanhu. Panguva ino, Dreyk Frensis aiva noruzivo mukuru, tikapfuura kupinda ari Bay pamusoro Biscay ndokuyambuka Atlantic pamwe seshasha Aiva John Lovell. Joint rwendo hwakaguma zvinosuruvarisa - zvikepe corsair akawana dutu, kuti dzechikwata kure Chokwadi, flagship kutambura kupfuura vamwe. Dzhon Hokins akasarudza kuuya kugadziriswa uye akaenda chengarava San Juan de Ulua, munharaunda Honduras. Shure iye ndakaenda Frensis Dreyk. Kuti akanga awana - saka uyu zvikuru venga kugamuchira kuti akapa guta maviri vafambisi. Gun chiteshi akanyevera zvakajeka kuti nzira iri ngozi chaizvo, uye kwakadzama nezviremera zvomunzvimbo kwave kusingabudiriri. Panguva ino yakaonekwa iri kuuya maseiri ari Spanish romumhenderekedzo yegungwa rengarava. The zvisiri pamutemo aifanira kupinda muhondo dzisakarurama. Ship Francis Drake "The Swan" havanyanyi dzaparadzwa panguva dutu, uye Corsair kutiza vateveri vake, kusiya shamwari wematambudziko yavo.

Paakasvika Chirungu pamhenderekedzo, Drake akaudza vose kuti babamunini vake vakaurayiwa muhondo dzisakarurama. Asi pashure shomanana nokumirira Corsair kusingafadzi kusangana: sezvo zvikazooneka, Hawkins ave akakwanisa kupukunyuka, uye iye wandei kapukunyuka vezvikepe vaigona kutiza Honduran zviteyeso. Hazvizivikanwi chii vakataura babamukuru uye muzukuru, asi pashure pemakore mashomanana, vakaita vakaronga rwendo itsva uye akasvika zvakare Munyika Itsva.

Pirate Frensis Dreyk

Pashure chiitiko ichi, Drake apika kutsiva nokuda kukundikana Spanish korona Honduran bvuta. Akanga nguva vakadzingirira ari Spanish zvikepe, zvichiita wandei kukuvadzwa korona. Pakuti vanhu vokuSpain tainetseka dzose kurwisa Drake, runoratidzwa ndechokuti muna Chirungu Pirate musoro akagadzwa mubayiro 20 zviuru. Ducats. Ake tide kutsiva chirongwa chokutanga akasiya Portsmouth nechiteshi chengarava muna 1572. On ngarava miviri - "The Swan" uye "Pasha" - akaenda World Itsva uye akakwanisa akakunda weColombia chengarava Nombre de Dios. Pano akakwanisa kubira ngarava dzakawanda Spanish uye andobata akapfuma zvakatorwa nechisimba. Ipapo Drake akayambuka Isthmus of Panama kuona nePacific Ocean. Zvichida mhando hwakakura nzvimbo Pirate akafuridzirwa kusika zvimwe zvirongwa kuti aigona kutakura makore mashoma gare gare.

The hondo Ireland

Panguva ino, musha ari vakashinga mukuru, hondo yakatanga. Ireland akaita mumwe kuedza kuwana kwavo rusununguko. Drake anobvuma kutsvaga zimbabwe Earl uye anotora chikamu wengarava hondo kuzorwa Irish. In dzechikwata chake vakanga hurumende frigate matatu raakarwa Vakarwisa Irish misha kumahombekombe uye rikanyuramo zvikepe muvengi. Nokuti basa muhurumende rengarava Dreyk Frensis chaipiwa kuna Mambokadzi sezvo zvakanakisisa navakuru.

Direction - South America

Unknown chakasimba mukuru akataura urongwa vake Queen Elizabeth kana zvakaitika panguva imwe inotevera misangano kana musangano wokutanga. Drake akasimbisa chokwadi chokuti hegemony wokuSpain Munyika Itsva anofanira kuparadzwa, uye muganhu kondinendi South American rakanakira chinangwa ichi. Akanga achienda kuparadza Spanish dzaidzorwa, riri chikamu ino uye kuisa pasi pamakumbo Elizabeth hombe zvakatorwa nechisimba. Mambokadzi weEngland akawana Drake kuti zvakataurwa anonakidza zvikuru uye kunyange akamupa zvikepe hurumende shanu.

nyika rwendo

Muna December 1577 vakatanga kwemakore matatu rwendo kubva Frensis Dreyk (1577 - 1580). Zvikepe ake vakananga South America. Mushure kuhondo pedyo Rio the Plata, akaenda mberi kumaodzanyemba uye zvikepe zviviri vakagumisa kuti Patagonia. Pashure skirmishes pamwe zvemo akakwanisa kusvika Strait of Magellan, rakanga rakazaruka muna 1520. Munguva dutu, akarasikirwa kuona kwayo chikepe rechipiri, izvo, pakupedzisira, kudzokera British pamhenderekedzo woga. A flagship of "Golden hadzi" akapfuurira norwendo rwake pasi pose.

dzimwe Mahombekombe

Musi Pacific kumahombekombe South America Drake kwazvo vakapamba vapfumi zvengarava kuPeru uye Chile, anokunda nezvikepe zvavatengesi uye akatakura nezvatichapamba. Kubudirira kwake chikuru chaiva kubatwa zviri zvikuru Spanish chikepe "Nuestra Senora De Concepcion" - yakanakisisa zvikepe Spanish dzechikwata. Drake akakunda ngarava yakanga akatakura akapfuma zvinhu zvendarama nesirivha Gráfica, wakange vanofungidzirwa 150,000 makirogiramu - a mari nakisisa mumazuva iwayo. Nekuona kuti kutsamwa vokuSpain achange achimirira pamusoro zvatinosiita migwagwa, Drake akasarudza of circumnavigate nePacific Ocean uye kudzoka kumba mugwagwa mutsva. Chakawedzera reserves ayo 1579, akatamira kumavirira.

Pavaifamba nechikepe Drake akaisa pamepu chitsuwa uye mumhenderekedzo yegungwa mutsetse, kuti asimbise ukama zvemo, nokudaro kuisa hwaro basa England pamwe munyika Asian.

Musangano muEngland

Inenge-gore matatu rwendo kwakapera. Muna September 1580, Drake akasvika Plymouth. Akauya kuna chengarava kwete chete chikepe chavo, asi vakatora Spanish chikepe, zita "Kakafuego". The Queen ari chaizvo noushamwari Drake nokuda kwake Pirate kurwiswa yekudyidzana muzadze coffers ayo. Koroleva Elizaveta kwazvo akakwira mune "Golden hadzi" uye dzikabereka Captain Drake akanga knighted. Saka kupiwa musoro Pirate Sir Frensis Dreyk, uye zvichipomerwa vomuzuva rake, akawana nyasha Queen pachake, uye kwaiva kwake kufarira.

Corsair mabasa asina kuguma pashure kukunda yakadaro. 1585 akamuwana muCaribbean, apo akaraira rengarava 25 Zvikepe Her mambo. It rinoburitsa mupfumi guta San Domingo uye inouyisa Chirungu Coast fodya uye matapiri. Captain Drake mabasa dzakaguma muna 1595 pashure akatadza kuedza kubata Las Palmas. In hondo Drake kuti babamunini akafa - Dzhon Hokins, uye mukuru akarwara nemarariya, akaenda kumba. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa kuti hosha mberi, uye akakurumbira Pirate akafira Portobello. rufu rwake waiva mufaro zuva muSpain, apo mashoko Drake afa akasangana kurira pamusoro mabhero.

Zvakaoma kuona mupiro akaita nhoroondo Sir Frensis Dreyk. Chii akaona, anogona kuwanika chero mepu dzenyika. Pakati zhinji mifananidzo vakashandisa coastlines uye zvitsuwa zviduku emblazoned pakumanikidzwa kukuru pakati South America uye Antarctica. Izvi akakamanikana pamepu zvose zvenyika unobereka zita Francis Drake - akakurumbira Pirate uye corsair Her mambo.