College US wenyika electors

Zvikuru nyika democratic munyika (the USA) wakasika wavatorwa chaizvo nesarudzo hurongwa. Chinosiyanisa kubva mamwe Electoral College. Chero mamiriro ose puraneti hachisisiri mutungamiri nesarudzo ino, iyo iri kuitwa mumatanho maviri. Kana tikayeuka kuti United States, chokwadi, muri Union, kuti Electoral College - the Chiitiko a inowirirana uye zvakanaka makazviteya. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa zvose zvizere.

Nhoroondo pakanyorwa pakusikwa Electoral College

Tinowanzofunga kukanganwa chokwadi chokuti US - mubatanidzwa wevanhu rinoti, chimwe nechimwe chokwadi, imwe yoga mamiriro. Vane mitemo yavo pachavo, dzimwe nguva yakasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe. Apo raiva basa iri US Constitution, nokusawirirana zvakakomba akaita nzira kuti kusarudza purezidhendi nokuwadzana. Vamwe vakafunga kuti vanofanira kutsunga ne yakananga yezvisikwa suffrage, pamwe nevatsigiri nharo navo kugadzirisa nyaya iyi Congress. The creators reMitemo muna 1878, akawana nzwisisa inonyatsoita. Ndivo kusikwa muviri chaiwo aronga, akaritumidza kuti "chinhu nesarudzo kukoreji." Mumwe mamiriro awana mukana kufurira nesananguro President. Chokwadi chokuti United States ine zvakasiyana pakukura uye vakawanda, "nyika". In zvakananga vhoti zviri nani pachena avo rinoti vari kumba mamwe vagari. Dzakati vakawanda nharaunda, vakawanda, muchiitiko ichi hazvirevi kukanganisa pakusarudza musoro wehurumende. Uye ichi anonzi tsvete. Kureva kuti Electoral College chakagadzirirwa equalize mikana chavagari nerimwe rinoti inzwiwe. Zvino maonero ose mugari inocherechedzwa Nhoroondo vakatsunga US President.

Ndivanaani electors?

For President sarudza vaida maviri pakukura. Mumwe mamiriro functionaries masangano enyika vanoumba mazita vanhu vachapona kumiririra voruzhinji zvarwo plebiscite. The electors vakasarudzwa voruzhinji, mukurumbira uye vanamuzvinabhizimisi. Kazhinji bato zvinosanganisira kwayo mazita avo vari pedyo mumiriri. Panguva akakurumbira sarudzo, pane vaviri zvawanyora electors. Rights kubva mamiriro vachawana pashure kufarirwa naGavhuna pamazita. mukuru uyu anofanira kusaina dzaita webato ane kukwikwidza akahwina akakurumbira vhoti. Kana kudhonzwa mberi yakazvimirira kukwikwidza nekuda yapurezidhendi, mazita achiumbwa munzira waakaudzwa nomutemo wehurumende. Nenzira, kurambidzwa vaida kuti rinokosha electors kwete. Zvakakodzera kuva pasipoti munhu US mugari, kuvimbika imwe pati kana mumwe.

Kumiririrwa inoti iri bhodhi

Kuwanda electors kubva ose chikamu United States ndiyo mufananidzo vakaenzana Congress. Izviwo, akatsunga kuenderana nhamba yevanhu vanogara mudunhu. Somuenzaniso, California ndiyo nzvimbo tsvene-vazhinji. Kubva kuna bhodhi ine makumi mashanu vanhu, sezvavanogona vanosarudzwa kuti Congress. Uyewo, kuti US maviri-party paramende. In weSeneti, mamiriro pose nzvimbo mbiri uye Imba Representatives kubva California raMwari mashanu nezvitatu. Kuwanda vaibva hurumende muchikamu chino reCongress atsunga maererano yevagari. Nokudaro, yakanangana nesarudzo wepakoreji - muviri chaiwo akamisa kusarudza US mutungamiri inotevera izwi. Vanhu vaisanganisira rayo sezvamunoita, kushanda zuva rimwe chete. basa ravo riri hazvibhadharwi pamutemo. Party anosarudza sei kukurudzira vamiririri vavo.

Electoral College US Mutungamiri: mitemo

Panguva voruzhinji dzokuvhota inoti kuona aikwikwidza nokuda soro hofisi munyika. Asi pamutemo akahwina chaipo munhu haisi kuzivikanwa mutungamiri. Somuenzaniso, zvakanga Hillary Clinton uye Donald Trump kana vakarwa. The Electoral College aigona kubvisa nekuvhota kwe vanhu mugumisiro, hunonzi. Vatsigiri Democratic kuita nzendo kuti vakawanda ichi. Chokwadi chokuti mutemo waiti electors kuita kuda vanhu, haako. Kwavanoitwa atenderwa kubva mamiriro, mumwe vhoti, asi vanogona kutaura chero pfungwa. neizvi kwakadaro munhoroondo yacho yakanga Zvisinei, zvabuda musarudzo vasina kukanganiswa. Vanhu Kuvhota bhodhi zvinopesana vanhu, rinonzi "tsvete electors." Somuenzaniso, muna 2000, mumwe mumiririri District of Columbia akapfuura zvibereko jira, asi aifanira kupinda mariri Al Gore. inoti All, kunze Maine uye Nebraska, mavhoti ose electors dzakapiwa nokuda kuhwina mumiriri. Izvi miganhu masangano kuaparadzira zvakaenzanirana migumisiro vanhu kuda.

US Electoral College: kuti kuvhota kwacho

The chaizvo muviri musangano iri yakaitirwa-mana rokutanga pashure rokutanga Monday muna November, kana mukurumbira sarudzo akasungwa. The Electoral College haasi kuenda pamwe chete. Mumwe mamiriro anoronga kuti kuvhota wevamiriri zvavo voga. Izvi zvakatibatsira pakarepo pachena. College of Electors Kuvhota ndeyokuita zvakavanzika nokuvhota. Nhengo imwe neimwe mumiriri muviri anofanira vanosungirwa wonyora mapepa ekuvhotesa maviri, ikodzere mazita musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika uye mutevedzeri wapurezidhendi. Kuhwina nyore vakawanda, zvino vanofanira zvibodzwa kupfuura 270. Panguva sarudzo achiteverwa yose. Somuenzaniso, muna U.S. Electoral Board (2016) aishanda ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru. To vamiririri States inopa vanhuwo vagari kumanikidzwa, vasingadi kugamuchira mukukunda Donald Trump. Ivo vakadana, akatuma tsamba richikwidibira. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuti "nesarudzo kubiridzira" aiva zvinopfuura Hillary Clinton, kuti voruzhinji zvakavashamisa. Asati bhodhi musangano nechokwadi kumanikidza nhengo dzayo pakatarisana (Trump mafeni) kunge vakaudza.

Chirango wokusatendeseka

Electors Utare tsvimbo pamberi pake, uye aya ndiwo mutoro vanhu. Sezvineiwo, kudzorwa rinoitwa pakarepo mushure vhoti. Rubanzu mavhoti kuverenga uye ona sei vakashanda vakasanangurwa vamiririri vanhu. Muna 28 inoti uye District Columbia, kushandisa mutemo pasi iyo nesarudzo kubiridzira vakaripisa mumwe musoro mari yakaenzana chiuru zvemadhora. Mune mamwe mativi US havasi Zvirango vasiri inopiwa. Nenzira, chokwadi chikumbiro mitemo idzi usatsungirira. Kutaura zvazviri, electors mukana kuvhota woga, pasina akaisa chinhu.

siyana nezvimwe zviitiko

Vanodzika mitemo vanofanira kufunga mamiriro ezvinhu apo bhodhi havagoni kuziva purezidhendi. Izvi zvinoitika kana vaida kugamuchira chete nhamba mavhoti. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1800. Nokuti chigaro mutungamiriri simba pavairwa Thomas Jefferson naAroni Burr. Kana ari wokupedzisira US musarudzo, ivo nesarudzo wepakoreji vakakamukana chaicho hafu, hapana musarudzo anopiwa ruzhinji. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, nyaya iri zvaitambidzwa Mumba Representatives. muviri Izvi anosarudza kuvhota, uyo kupa purezidhendi mana akatevera. The House of Representatives akatora mugove wenyika sarudzo uye nyika muna 1824. Nokuti chigaro vakarwa mana musarudzo. Hapana akakundikana kuhwina ruzhinji Electoral College. Ndaifanira kushanda Imba Representatives. Akava purezidhendi Dzhon Kuinsi Adams. Sezvineiwo, maererano migumisiro vanhu kuda, zvakanga isingasviki zvachose mavhoti.

kutsoropodzwa hurongwa

The US yave vachikurukura pakatanga yakananga musarudzo. The nharo nokuti ichi zvaimbonzi chenhau chinoratidza kusaruramisira wegadziriro. Saka, muna 1876 iri sarudzo iri musarudzo kukoreji muUnited States akatungamirira nesananguro Rutherford Hayes. Zvisinei, mudzivisi wake kosi vanhu kuda vakakunda mamwe mavhoti. Zvakaratidza, vagari maonero haana kufungwa panguva Danho rechipiri sarudzo. nyaya yechipiri kwakaitika munguva yedu. Sezvo American nevezvenhau vanoti Hillary Clinton mu 2016 zvinotsigirwa mamiriyoni akawanda kupfuura anokumhan'arira wayo kubva Republicans. Asi purezidhendi inotevera cadence yasarudzwa Donald Trump. Two-danho nedanho zvichaita nani vachishingaira vakatsoropodza iri muvanhu. For America, zvakakosha kuti ose mugari akanzwika, uye Electoral College haritsigiri wakaenzana inoti 'kodzero. Saka, nzvimbo dzakati vakawanda vane zvikuru kupfuura guru dzomumaguta agglomerations, sezvo vane mufananidzo chete. Uyezve, musarudzo kugadzirisa mushandirapamwe wavo pasi ino. Vanomanikidzwa kushanda nesimba mu "kwazvo muchikwidza nokuderedza inzwi" inodaro, sezvo pane mukana kuwana mavhoti ari kupfuura ari miganhu masangano kuti dzinozivikanwa kutsigira munhu bato.

dambudziko

Wokupedzisira US sarudzo dzemutungamiriri wenyika kwakaratidza kuti nyika nzanga rwakakamukana. Huru musarudzo dzakarwiwa madziro tinorwisana zvinotaurwa izvo zvinosiyana zvikuru. Trump akatsigira vanhu inoomerera tsika dzechinyakare, nokuti Clinton akavhotera kuti zvizvarwa zvakawanda-pfungwa. The peculiarity kwedanidziro iyi akanga ari kukundikana Republican vepamusoro kutsigira mumiriri wavo. Two-party hurongwa akaratidza dambudziko. Guide Democrats uye Republicans kunge vakaedza zvose zvavaigona kumativi Clinton, asi akarasikirwa kuvanhu. Zvinofadza kuti American voruzhinji haaiti kazhinji pachena kufarira zvematongerwo enyika, achishingaira muchirongwa rokupedzisira pamushandirapamwe. Uye kuchiva zvikuru nokukurumidza adzikame, saka mukuru musiyano uri pakati musarudzo. Vezvematongerwo enyika vanoti Pakadaro, pamusoro dambudziko wegadziriro, uye sei chaizvoizvo - tichazoona. Rombo rakanaka!