Common mhuka O chirimwa

Masora anounza dambudziko kuvarimi uye Chikwata. Asi mutungamiriri simba rayo kubva zviri zvakaoma kubvisa. Inokura pose pose kudyarwa bota. Zviri yakabatana kutsime gorosi, bhari, oats, tsika uye zvimwe zvirimwa. Zita sora - zvikara oats zvavo. Verenga zvimwe pamusoro chirimwa ichi zvinorondedzerwa munyaya.

Morphology

Wild O (rimwe zita - O) - chiri chirimwa wegore kuti inokura kuti nekukwirira 80-120 masendimita Its madzinde vari twasu, takashama. Midzi fibrous, yakatanga chaizvo zvakanaka.

Kunosiya sandara kureba masendimita 30, Rutsanga akaronga linearly. Chimiro yakatwasuka kana zvishoma vakamonyanisa counterclockwise. Vane dzinonakidza ciliated micheto, yakashongedzwa mashoma uye refu bvudzi (cilia) pamusara.

Inflorescence - refu (30 cm) vaizvambarara panicle. Chirimwa ane huru mhuka oats Spikelets vane 2 kana 3 maruva, Anotumbuka kubvira mangwanani June kusvika mukupera August. Mumwe kopi anopa kusvika mbeu 500-600 - chokurukisa mune zviyo. 1000 mhuka O muchero anoyera 15-25 magiramu. Kuramba kumera kwavo paavhareji 3-4 makore, uye pasi akanaka ezvinhu kusvika makore 7-9.

waridza

The nzvimbo yaro kupararira zvikuru rakafara. Wild oats, uyewo mamwe masora akawanda, zvakakwana kujairana kwakaomarara okunze. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa zvakafanana zvakanaka akashivirira kupisa nokutonhora, tupukanana "ushamwari" kuti usagunzva, zvakakwana kukwikwidzana nevamwe zvinomera, zvose zvetsika nemasora, kazhinji kuhwinha kurwa kuti ndima.

Common mhuka O rinowanikwa kose Eurasia. Somuenzaniso, muna Kazakhstan, chirimwa nharaunda, aizivikanwa isina oats anenge 4-4.5 mln. Ha! Uyewo kukura ose pakona North America, chinowanzoonekwa kuwanikwa North Africa. Nhasi, zvikara oats runopfuura kumaodzanyemba, achichinja kuita zvinhu zvitsva uye anokunda kumaodzanyemba hemisphere panyika.

Ndezvipi zvinhu yakakodzera kukura dzomusango O

Mbeu imere panguva tembiricha kuti 3-4 ° C ivhu, asi zvikuru rakakodzera tembiricha kuti imere - ndiko 15-18 ° C. The kupfuura zvimwe mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vari vakawana kubva zviyo, izvo vari kudzika 10-15 cm asi ivo imere pasi simba uye kudzika 20-25 cm 30-40 cm kunyange pamberi mwando yakakwana uye yakajeka inodziya ekunze.

mbeu zvimwe vanoramba pasi zvose ezvinhu makore anosvika matatu, uye pasi wakakodzera - kusvikira makore mapfumbamwe.

Maererano nekarenda achabatira, hombe mhuka O mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kuoneka mumazuva mashomanana pashure pamusoro birches anotumbuka wotungira.

Ovsg zvakafanana - undemanding chirimwa. Iye nomufaro nzeve hanyanisi uye Anotumbuka kunyange Hottest yezhizha. Hazvina kufa panguva mazhinji kwemvura. Clogging nemagariro zvirimwa, inoramba yakabatana pashure nechisimba zvipukanana uye matenda. Nderake muchikwata trudnoiskorenimyh miti. Zvakaoma chaizvo kuti kuhwina.

An dzinonakidza chokwadi pamusoro kupona oats dzomusango

Kana ukatora michero oats yomusango, inodonha pamusoro pake vaviri madonhedza emvura, kuti weevil chishamiso "uya vapenyu"! Anotanga kufamba - kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma, ipapo nokukurumidza uye dzichimhanya kutenderera ayo akabatana. mashandiro Izvi zvinoita weevil vega kuchera muvhu kuti aida kudzika. Small mvura yakakwana makariita mbeu mhuka O munhuwo "vapenyu" uye rakakurumidza akanyura muvhu. Tper weevil zvakadzikama dolezhat kusvikira muchirimo anotevera kupa mapazi matsva.

harmfulness

Vachiri oats mhuka dzose nguva kurwa, nokuti infests zviyo uye kunounza zhinji kukuvadza zvirimwa:

• unoomesa zvakasimba ivhu pasina zviyo hunyoro tsika. Paumbwe 1 kg michero anotora mhuka oats 700 litres mvura, zvichienzaniswa gorosi - kusvika 500 litres;
• chaizvo depletes ivhu. makirogiramu 100 O tsanga inoshandisa makirogiramu 50 senitrogen, phosphorus - 10-15 makirogiramu potassium - 30 makirogiramu. makirogiramu 100 gorosi zviyo inoda makirogiramu 30 senitrogen, phosphorus, 10 makirogiramu, 20 makirogiramu kuti potassium;
• vachiparadzira mudzi ora;
• Zvinokurudzira kukura Swedish enhunzi, nematodes, bunt;
• kunoderedza zvikuru goho mari zvirimwa (semuenzaniso, gorosi zvirimwa tsinga kana mhuka oats, ipapo zvibereko zvayo stably chinozova makirogiramu 10 chete hectare);
• It chinoyambuka nyore pamwe tsika oats, nokuderedza maberekero unhu kwayo.

Nzira hondo

Kuti ndiwane zvikara oats vanhuwo kushandiswa sora. High kunyatsoshanda akaratidza "Horizon 080 kwavatumwa" uye "Super Topic 240 kwavatumwa". In zvirimwa zvebhari inokurudzirwa kushandisa herbicide "Axial 045".

Kana wo kusvibiswa chinhu oats inoshandiswa wakagara minda, kushandiswa riine mbeu.

Chikwata anowanzoshandiswa kurwisa pernicious sora iri nokushandisa muchina wokucheka mabukira ake, kuedza kuparadza dzomusango oats zvakajairika kuti chehupenyu ichiibvira uye nokudeura mbeu pasi. Asi nzira iyi nizkoeffektiven nokuda chirimwa ichi chinoshamisa ichiibvira mbeu iri panicle akatambanudza nenguva. Zvinorevei? Whisk ine matatu tiers mu kazhdoi iyo mbeu ripen munguva yakafanira. Pazasi tsanga achiri zvikuru manyoro, uye pamusoro ivo anopararira. Full nekudeuka anotora mwedzi wose! Chimwe chishamiso Kupona mashandiro kuti Mother Nature akapa munhuwo zvikara oats.

Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Mumwe weDanho of panicle tsanga yakasiyana nechitarisiko uye zvipenyu maitiro, nomugumo dzavo:

• panzvimbo dzapasi weDanho muri mbeu guru. Ivo infest nezviyo;
• pakati weDanho muchero duku zvishoma. Chavainyanya basa - kupa wepagore kuvandudzwa seedling maturo oats;
• mbeu duku vari pamusoro weDanho pamusoro panicle. Ndivo kupfuura vanonyengera uye chine musoro. It iri muvhu kwemakore anosvika 7-9, uye kana murimi chaizvo kufara kuti ndakahwina yake mumunda oats mhuka vanhuwo, pakarepo imere.

Wild oats mu zvavo mushonga

Makemikari anoumba sora richiri havaratidzi kunzwisiswa, asi tsika varapi vakawana kushandisa nokuti: kushandisa kuderedza chisimbiso pamwe abscesses, nokuti Obstetrics, simudza matauriro uterine tsandanyama, kusvuta kumbomira zavismosti, kubata kenza.