Cretinism - nayo .. Zviratidzo, kurapwa, dziviriro uye kuongorora chirwere

Cretinism - munhu chirwere of kwemakemikari anobudiswa gadziriro, icho pamwe yadzikira basa thyroid shwanu. Iri zvakajairika chirwere kuti kazhinji anooneka muuduku. Saka chii vari zviratidzo vokutanga? The kutyora ngozi pamusoro kwetunhu thyroid mahormone? Pane kurapa kunobudirira? Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi ichava kufarira vaverengi vazhinji.

Brief ruzivo nemamiriro uye kushanda thyroid

Cretinism - chirwere Rinobatanidzwa havachanyatsogoni thyroid oparesheni. Saka, pakutanga zvichaita kubatsira tinyatsoziva mukuru ruzivo pamusoro basa womuviri uyu.

Thyroid zvinoreva omumuviri yomunyika secretion. Zviri yakabatana shwashwa ari dokeriro chinosanganisira rworudyi uye nokuruboshwe akafukidza uye rokuPacific unobva pavo. Huru shwanu mahormone vanopiwa thyroxine uye triiodothyronine, ane kwetunhu kunoitika chete kana zvakakwana yakawanda ayodhini. Uyezve, muviri uyu pave neimwe vanoshingaira zvinhu, kunyanya calcitonin (hormone anokonzera karusiyamu muviri mumuviri).

Thyroid basa inobvawo pane kushanda hypothalamic-pituitary wemuTesitamende muuropi. The pituitary shwanu anosunungura thyroid-anotokonya kemikari, izvo zvaanopa simba ari dzinotsanagura kwetunhu thyroid mahormone. A fuma anogadzirwa hypothalamus, izvo kudzora pituitary.

With kutora chikamu thyroid kemikari kunoitika pezvakaitwa akadai:

• muviri kuti adipose rinenge disintegration, kwetunhu nokuparadzwa mapuroteni mamorekuru;
• paumbwe simba, iyo inodikanwa tsandanyama uye tsinga;
• kuwedzera ropa shuga yomuropa;
• Shanda huta uye kwemakemikari anobudiswa system (thyroid mahormone sei kushanda nevamwe kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero);
• Transport-siyana zvinhu kuti masero.

Nengano rutapudzo uwandu thyroid kemikari anovandudza chirwere inonzi hypothyroidism. Uyewo, chirwere ichi chinogona kukonzera cretinism, myxedema, uye dzimwe hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka pamusoro chikamu kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa.

Hypothyroidism chacho dzakasiyana

Kutaura zvazviri, pane zvakawanda mugadziriro kupatsanura pakati chirwere. Kakawanda, vana vanotambura cretinism, sezvo chirwere vane tinozvarwa. Ukuwo, unogona kuwanikwa - kuitika pasi pokudzora zvimwe zvinhu.

Zvichienderana chikonzero marudzi anoverengeka zvokurwara:

• chikuru hypothyroidism, iyo chokuita havachanyatsogoni thyroid oparesheni;
• chimiro yechipiri chirwere kuti kunoitika riri pakanyorwa munhu atadze kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro pituitary;
• Tertiary hypothyroidism, umo mune atadze kushanda zvakanaka mu murau pamusoro chikamu hypothalamus;
• kutyora nehanya ari kubaya masero (mumamiriro ezvinhu mahormone anobudiswa yakakwana kwazvo, asi masero izvi hazvisi kugumbuka).

Kuzivikanwa ari chimiro chirwere sezvo endemic cretinism - kutanga kuti kuchengetwa pakati vagari kumatunhu pamwe kukwana ayodhini.

Cretinism: Zvinokonzera

Pakarepo kuchitaura kuti pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakadai. Sezvambotaurwa, cretinism inokanganisa vana vane thyroid kemikari kukanganisika. Uye ezvinhu akadaro anogona kunge vachiberekwa kana vawana.

Nezvikonzero vachiberekwa hypothyroidism dzinosanganisira:

• vachiberekwa hypoplasia kana pasina thyroid shwanu mwana;
• irradiation womukadzi pamuviri kana kutora mishonga kuti kuderedza kushanda shwanu;
• thyroid chirwere muna mai panguva pamuviri;
• kuvabereki chirwere, zvakazoita kupambwa akambokanganiswa ayodhini thyroid tishu;
• majini kutapata kuti kenza pituitary mahormone;
• vachiberekwa chirwere kuti kunokanganisa hypothalamic-pituitary hurongwa.

Uyewo, akawana chimiro chirwere zvingaitikawo pasi pokudzora dzakasiyana zvinhu:

• kushomeka yakawanda ayodhini mune zvokudya mukadzi pamuviri kana mwana;
• Hashimoto kuti thyroiditis;
• kuzvimba thyroid shwanu;
• kunotevera kana Kuvhiya ari thyroid shwanu;
• Kukuvara, kuzvimba, uye kuvhiya pamusoro uropi, ayo achiperekedzwa maronda ari hypothalamic-pituitary akabatana;
• rouropi.

Kutyora muchitokisi aikanganiswa mahormone, thyroid

ezvinhu akadaro vachiberekwa uye chokuita nedzimwe nemagene miitiro, zvirwere uye chromosomal DNA marongerwo. In chirwere ichi mahormone vari synthesized mune kuipa mari, asi kubaya sero hakusi nehanya navo. Nhaka kuvabereki uye husingakuvadzi untreatable.

Cretinism muvana: chii ngozi?

Kutaura zvazviri, chirwere ichi ngozi kwazvo, nekuti thyroid mahormone kusvika pamwero kudzora kushanda rinenge muviri wose. Saka chii migumisiro zvingakonzera chirwere?

Cretinism kunokanganisa kukura kwouropi, tava kuderera pasi. Kunyanya, tikafunga hosha pane Makuriro kukanganisika etsinga fibers, uyewo vasanyanye uwandu Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu uye paumbwe zvinhu kuti inogona kuderedza basa uropi.

Sezvingatarisirwa, zvakaipira anokonzerwa thyroid hormone nedzimwe nenyonganiso mumuviri, kunyanya:

• tava kuderera kukura pezvakaitwa;
• tsandanyama simba;
• kuderera mune mapuroteni kugadzirwa uye simba kubatana;
• kunetswa mune skeletal kukura;
• hemodyscrasia pezvakaitwa;
• kuderera rokuzvidzivirira;
• atadze kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro kwemakemikari anobudiswa ino, kunyanya adrenal shwanu, gonads;
• mumwe atadze kushanda zvakanaka etsvo, chiropa, ura, dumbu;
• kutyora mashandiro ganda.

Ichokwadi, kana matambudziko akadaro kuchimuka muduku, pasina kurapwa pane kutyora basa anenge nhengo zvose hurongwa.

Zviratidzo chirwere muvana okutanga

The chete nzira kuziva chirwere vachangoberekwa ndiye muedzo hormone ropa. Cretinism ari 2-3 mwedzi upenyu chokutanga, anenge zvikasaitika. Kunyange zvakadaro, chiremba anogona kuona vasanyanye kudya, kupfupika nasal kufema, kakawanda matambudziko zvomudumbu, pasi kwemwoyo uye fontanelles makuru ari dehenya dziri refu vashoma.

Sezvo kukura mwana anogona kuonekwa, uye vamwe, zviratidzo zvikuru. The mwana ari kuwana uremu zvishoma nezvishoma asi anotarisa dzizere sezvo asingatani edema. Dzimwe nguva pane zvikuru kuzvimba rurimi. Disproportionate kukura musoro sezvo muviri mumashure kukura. vana ava muitiro wakafara nasal zambuko uye yakamanikana maziso, uyewo pfupi uye gobvu mutsipa. Ungacherechedza dzimwe nyonganyonga - mwana nguva kutsimwaira, lethargic, nevamwe. With zera, ungacherechedza ari kunonoka okukura chepfungwa.

Cretinism Zviratidzo Varwere akura

Kana untreated, zviratidzo chete kuva zvakaipa zera. Vanhu vanenge cretinism, vane tsika chaizvo zvinooneka features, akadai nomumhu, mativi disparity muviri. Zvinonzi zvakare dzinoratidzwa kugara kuzvimba, nenhetemwa nokuda muviri mamiriro, clubfoot, havachanyatsogoni mufambo mu majoini siyana. Kunewo anokosha features, zvakadai mukuru huma, miromo mikuru, mukuru cheekbones, nguva dzose yakabudikira rurimi, yakabudikira nzeve.

Zvinenge varwere vose vane chirwere chakadai vanotambura nepfungwa retardation kuti siyana inegumi. Uyewo, pane zvakasiyana-siyana kunzwa uye nokutaura, dzimwe nguva kuti matsi-mutism. Sezvo mashandiro mumasero pabonde ipfupi, zvinokwanisika kushaya mbereko. Uyezve, vanhu ava usimbe, nyararisa, vasingakendengi uye vanotambura kubvira chepfungwa zvimwe mhando.

Modern nzira nechirwere

Kana paine fungidziro hwobva kubvunza chiremba. nyanzvi chete anoziva kuti ndiye hypothyroidism, zviratidzo uye kurapwa yatiri kukurukura nhasi. Nokuti yakarurama chirwere mutongo oga rokuongorora endocrinologist kukwana.

Chokutanga, aiitisa nemiedzo nokuti mahomoni uye thyroid shwanu ropa. Zviya, vamwe varwere vanogona kuva inonzi pfupi hypothyroidism, saka miedzo achapfuurazve imwe nguva gare gare. In kiriniki dzakawanda ropa kubva vachangoberekwa yokutsvakurudza dziviriro.

Gare gare Aidavirawo Ultrasound thyroid shwanu, uye zvakare, kana zvakakodzera, uye Doppler duplex kushanda pakuvheneka. miedzo izvi kuti tikwanise kuona kukura prostate Kuwanikwa kunowedzera, kuchinja munyama pamusoro thyroid shwanu namamota, uyewo mamiriro ropa kuyerera.

Vana kunoratidzawo X-ray mapfupa, sezvo vana vaine chirwere anononoka skeletal Ossificação em. Kana zvakakodzera, murwere anoongororawo chiremba kana chiremba, wetsinga, orthopedist, chiremba wepfungwa - kubatsira vanachiremba ticherechedze kuvapo yematambudziko, uye kuswedera kukwira kurapa zvaiitwa.

Nzira kurapa chirwere

chiremba wako chete anoziva hypothyroidism (zviratidzo uye kurapwa chirwere ichi, zvinobvira yematambudziko - zvose izvi zvinofanira kukurukurwa ine nyanzvi), uye iye chete anogona kukubatsira. Saka, chero zvazvingava, usaregeredza mazano nenyanzvi.

Kazhinji, varwere vanofanira kugamuchira yokutsiva kurapa - vanotora zvinodhaka hormone anoumba dhefisiti dzinongoitika mahormone thyroid. Zvikurukuru, zviri zvikuru chinobatsira zvinodhaka «L- thyroxine". Uyezve, marapirwo zvaiitwa anogona zvaisanganisira vhitamini zvivako, nootropic zvinodhaka ( "cerebro", "Pyracetam", "Nootropil"), uyewo kuva medicament kuti kuvandudza mashandiro kudzivirira uye Neural munyama simba ( "Lipotserebrin", "Pantogam", " encephabol ").

An chinokosha chezvinonhuwira kurapwa kwakakodzera, iyo ichapa uwandu ayodhini yakakwana. Zvichienderana ezvinhu omurwere ingada kubatsirwa wetsinga kana chiremba wepfungwa. Mune ramangwana, mwana anofanira nguva dzose rakagara kuongororwa wezvokurapa uye tora miedzo, migumisiro iyo chiremba anogona kuchinja kurapwa zvaiitwa.

Chii nemaonero varwere?

Cretinism - chirwere ngozi kwazvo, sezvo ivo zvinogona kuremadza. Kunyange zvakadaro, kazhinji pakutanga zvokuongorora uye kurapwa kuti murwere asingagoni kubatsira. Normalization of thyroid uye pituitary mumasero inotungamirira kuchaitwa metabolic zvirwere.

Zvisinei, kwete nyaya dzose, nemamwe matambudziko zvinogona kudziviswa. Somuenzaniso, apo akatanga kunonoka pfungwa kukuvara marapirwo zviripo. Hongu, uye zvimwe zvirwere majini anonetsa kunyange symptomatic kurapwa.

Pane nzira dzinoshanda muzvidzivirire?

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti cretinism - nechirwere chakakomba zvikuru, izvo chero zvazvingava hazvigoni kungotariswa. With mangwanani kuonekwa uye nenguva kurapwa zvinogona kudziviswa zvakakodzera uremu matambudziko. Zvinonzwisisika vanhu vakawanda vanofarira mubvunzo wokuti tinogona kudzivisa kukura chirwere.

Pane dzimwe mitemo nyore, izvo nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuti vachengete. Somuenzaniso, munzvimbo chirwere kwakakurumbira, tinofanira kuita uchitikurudzira prophylaxis, kunyanya kuongorora zvakakwana zviri ayodhini mune zvokudya.

Nekuti cretinism inokanganisa vana, vane thyroid kemikari kushaikwa, zviri zvikuru unyatsoteerera pfungwa iyi kuronga padanho pamuviri. Somuenzaniso, vabereki vari zano kuti kuedzwa uye vafambe dzimwe bvunzo kuvapo metabolic zvirwere uye zvimwe zvirwere magene. Uyezve, mukadzi ane pamuviri vanofanira kunyatsoongorora kuongorora uwandu kuparadzwa ayodhini. Uye zvakakosha kuitisa achivhara nemiedzo pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa, nekuti nokukurumidza maperembudzi dzakaonekwa, chikuru mukana vakabudirira kurapwa pamberi chitarisiko zvakakomba yematambudziko.