Decembrist kumukira pa Seneti Square

The mukumukira pana Seneti Square waiva mugumisiro kupinda kubva Europe pfungwa Russian rokudzidzisa. Reactionary nomutemo wemadzimambo tsarist hurumende yakawedzera kumuka pakati mafungiro chikamu kwenzanga ruchigona freethinking. Pashure pehondo 1812 National zvoupfumi Russia akanga akaipa chaizvo. Zvisinei, hurumende kwemakore anoverengeka pashure pehondo uye haana hanya aite zvinhu zvakafanira kuti dai aivabatsira kutora chikamu ruzhinji. Somugumisiro, munyika akamuka kwatangwa nevanhu chimurenga. Kunyanya kazhinji vanova nenzara mumakore 1820-1822. The chikuru kudiwa kuti vanhuwo zvavo aiva abolition pakati serfdom - munhu kakasaririra of feudal yaitonga, kare yakanyangarika muna Western Europe. Paiva nematambudziko anorwadza pahondo. vanhu kunyanya kuvenga akava mamiriro nomumiririri Alexander I iri nharaunda A. Count Arakcheev. basa rake riri kusikwa dzinonzi nemisha zvechiuto, apo varwi pachavo vaifanira kushanda muminda uye kupa avo zvavanoda, kwete achikanganwa vemauto drills, akasangana kukuru kurwisa kubva chechipiri. Despotic ushe Alexander I ndisina kukonzera tsitsi ari akarurama Navakuru, pamwe mubereko throwers kutarisa mienzaniso democratic kuchinja uye mazuvaano kwenzanga mu Europe. Chaizvoizvo, akanga kwamachinda, uye rakagadzirirwa nokuda yemuna pana weSeneti Square.

epachivande

Mune ezana XIX remakore ari hwaiitwa sunungukei vairemekedzwa wechipiri pakupedzisira matongosika kunzwisisa kuti magetsi reactionary mutemo wenyika tsarist hurumende kunokutadzisa kukura nyika uye rinopa backlog rayo kubva mazhinji kunyika iri Europe uye kuNorth America. Muna 1816 paiva repachivande wokutanga, anonzi "ndiponese Union." Chakanga nhengo anenge 30, anenge ose muduku muchiuto. The chikuru zvinangwa zvisiri pamutemo vomunharaunda vakatanga kuti abolition pakati serfdom uye kubviswa tsarist autocracy munyika. Zvisinei, pashure pemakore maviri, unoranganawo vakanga akafumura nehurumende. Zvichitevera masangano akafanana vanova "Union Welfare," uye akaonekwa somugumisiro paradzanisa kwayo "Southern Society" uye "Northern Society". Izvi chakavanzika zvikwata akagoverana zvinangwa pose, asi vane maonero akasiyana sei kuzadzisa uye nekutambira yaiona-miganhu uye enyika urongwa Russia. Zvisinei, kufirwa ari autocrat chakaita unoranganawo kune mumwe pachisarudzo charakaita mutongo November 1925: zvakafanira kuita pasina kunonoka, kare gore rino - 1825. The mukumukira muna Seneti Square yakazokudziridzwa muvhiki mbiri chete.

asi vakatadza kubvuta masimba

Mhiko idzva chevaux Nicholas ndakagadzwa musi wa14 December. Pazuva iroro, vapanduki akagadza yemuna avo Seneti Square. Huru zvakaitika mangwanani mhiko yamambo. Mauto, akatungamirirwa nokushorwa vakuru vaifanira kutora kudzora vakuru uye kusarudza pane pamutemo mhiko roumambo kuzivisa kuti hurumende tsarist rakaparadzwa. Pashure, vadzidzi ari yemuna musi museneti Square akanga aronga kuzivisa munhu Manifesto yakanyorerwa vose Russian vanhu pamusoro chakazadziswa chimurenga. Zvisinei banal kusawirirana uye kuzengurira kwakatungamirira pokuwa zvirongwa zvose. Panguva yakaoma, zvakava pachena kuti Nicholas I vaitova mangwanani kuti kutora mhiko kuna Seneti. The mamiriro ezvinhu aigona achiri kuponesa zvokuita pamusoro Decembrists. Zvisinei, kutsanangura nguva vakuru muchiuto mutungamiriri yemuna Troubetzkoy haana vakauya square, achisiya vatsigiri ake pasina rubatsiro. kuzengurira ichi akapa hurumende mukana nounyanzvi zvinhu, achiunganidza mauto, unoranganawo zvinovakomberedza uye achapwanya akavamukirawo nenguva Seneti Square.