Senate Square: The Mutiny of Honor and Idealism

Inguva yekutanga yezana remakore risati rapera yakaratidzwa nekubudirira kwekuvandudzwa kwemanzwiro pazvinhu zvakawanda zveMambo weRussia. Pakutanga ava vainyara zvinomera uye zvisingaoneki zvakajeka zvisinganyatsogutsikana nehupo huripo hwezvinhu. Iyo Senate Square, apo kusvibiswa kwevhangeri kwevatungamiri vakanakisisa vehurumende yeRussia yakabatwa uye yakadzvinyirirwa nehasha, yaiva korona uye maitiro ekuda kwekuchinja kukuru.

Chikamu chinowedzera chevanhu vomuRussia vane tariro vaitarisira kuti Alexander I aizoramba achivandudza hurumende dzakatanga mumakore mashoma ekutonga kwake. Zvisinei, kuchinja kwakasimba mumatongerwe enyika ehurumende yeTsarist, yakaitika mushure meHondo yePatriotic ya1812 , yakagumbura kutsamwa kwehurumende yeRussia. Izvi zvakaguma zvakaguma muna Decembrist kupopotedzana paSeneate Square.

Asi izvi zvakasununguka, zvinyengeri uye mune dzimwe nzira kunyange kukanganisa kupanduka kwakakonzera korona yakaoma yemapepanhau ekutanga kusinganzwisisiki kwechibvumirano cheRussia. Senate Square yakava mugumo wekufamba kweVatongi vaKubwinya. Kadhidhini musiyano pakati pechinhu chisingadikanwi chekusawirirana uye chiitiko chakatevera cheRussia mhirizhonga ndechekuti December wekumutswa kwe1825 yaive yakabva kune pfungwa dzekuremekedza, chiremerera, rusununguko rwomunhu uye hukuru hwehutsika hwepamusoro munharaunda yeRussia. Uye Senate Square yakatora pakubata kwayo isina kugadzirisa hutachikoro hwekuverenga, asi vakadzi vakuru kwazvo vakadzidza, vakuru vevanhu. Izvo, zvinosuruvarisa, hazvigoni kuzvirumbidza nezvezviitiko zvakakurumbira zvegore raOctober 1917.

Nenguva refu Decembrists asati atanga kutaura paSeneate Square, vatungamiri vekutanga vashanduki vakagadzira mapoka akavanzika akaona sezvinangwa zvavo kubviswa kwesarfdom nekugamuchirwa kwesarudzo yehurumende. Chiitiko icho chakaita kuti avo vakagadzirira kutanga kushanda zvakaitwa rufu rweAlexandro I mwedzi zvisati zvaitika zviitiko zvinotyisa zvaitika kuSeneate Square. Zvakagadziriswa pazuva rakasununguka rokutora mhiko yekuteerera kune vatsva vakaitwa Tsar Nicholas I kuti ndizivise zvavanoda mu fomu yekupedzisira.

Pano, mumapoka evashanduki, sezvakaitika kanopfuura kamwe munhoroondo yeRussia, kusawirirana kwakavapo. Izvo "mahedheni" mazhinji anopiwa kupa kuda kusagadzikana kwemambo mutsva uye kusimudzira Constantine kuchigaro choumambo. Vamwe vakanga vachida kuratidzira simba ravo kuitira kuti Nicholas vabatane nevapanduki mukukurukurirana uye vagozadzisa zvido zvavo zvose. Vamwewo vaifunga kuti zvakafanira kuchinja basa racho kuti rive rudzi rwechipiri, uko kune rumwe rutivi rwechipingamupinyi ikoko kwaizova kufambira mberi kwakaenderera mberi muRussia mumunhu wavo, uye kune rimwewo - mushure nechekuchengetedza hurumende yekarist yakanga isingadi kuchinja. Uye, pakupedzisira, yechina yakaratidza nzira yekubata simba kwekugadzira republic.

Izvo urongwa, hwakagadzirirwa pachako naSt Trubetskoi, pakutanga hwakaratidzika kupfuura zvisiri zvechokwadi. Maererano neurongwa uhwu, masimba evanoita urongwa akaumba zvikamu zvitatu zvakazvimirira. Pakuvamba kwavo vakagoverwa basa rinotarisirwa kubata nzvimbo yeumambo - Winter Palace uye kurega kwaNicholas nemhuri yake. Wechipiri ndewokutora Petro naPaul Fortress uye kuchengetedza guta iri pakati pezvinhu zvevasenzi vane simba. Asi vapanduki kubva kumusangano wechitatu vaifanira kusvika kuSeneate uye kudzivirira vatungamiriri vekupika kupika kumambo. Uye zvino vamanikidze ivo kuti vasayine Manifesto, iyo yakashuma kubviswa kwehurumende nehurumende. Uyewo mubhuku iri, rakagadzirirwa mberi neDecembrists, rusununguko rwokutaura uye kuregererwa kwemisasa yehondo kwakaziviswa.

Seniate Square haina kungova nzvimbo yekutsvaga kwekufunga kwevanhu vekuRussia, asiwo chiratidzo chekutanga kwemazuva ekushandurwa kwekusununguka. Zvinogona kunge zvakadaro, asi Nikolai akanga ataurwa mberi kwezvirongwa zvisinganyengeri zvevarangana. Izvi zvakamubatsira kuti aswededze panguva iyo zvikamu zvejeri rePetersburg rakavimbika kune Crown muSeneate Square nzvimbo. Uye mauto aiva mazhinji-anopfuura zviuru zvuru zvitanhatu zvemauto, anenge zviuru zvitatu zvevatasvi vemabhiza uye makumi matatu nesithupha pfuti. Vakatasva mabhiza vane kaviri vakarwa nechisimba chevarongi, asi nguva mbiri dzakanga dzisingabudiriri. Zvadaro zvombo zvekare zvakatanga kushanda, uye mapoka evapanduki akapararira mumhepo yakaoma ye grapeshot. Kutyisa uye ndege yakatanga. Bestuzhev, iye oga uyo akanga asina kurasikirwa musoro wake mumhepo inovhuvhuta, akaedza kusimudzira hondo yakavimbika kurwisana, asi pasina kubudirira zvikuru. Kuvhiringidzwa kwakabviswa ...