Dzheyms e: pfupi Biography uye rwendo

Future seafarer Dzheyms e akaberekwa muna 1728 mu England, mwanakomana aimbova papurazi mushandi. Pashure akadzidziswa, jaya racho basa kabhini mukomana wake muchikepe rokutanga.

Kutanga muna Navy

Kunyange zvake muduku Cook akasarudza kuti akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna kugungwa. In ake kupembedza nguva akadzidza Reisen chingashamwaridzana sayenzi - jogirafi, zvenyeredzi uye nhoroondo tsvakurudzo munyika itsva. Muna 1755, kuti Royal Navy atora kuzvikepe itsva. Vaiva Dzheyms e. Brief Biography murume kwaisanganisira basa kubva nyore mufambisi wechikepe Bosun Chinongodiwa mwedzi basa.

Panguva ino akatanga makore manomwe War kuzorwa France nevatsigiri varo. Cook muchirongwa hondo mungarava "yeGondo" uye blockade nomuvengi pamhenderekedzo. Muna 1758 akatumirwa North America, apo vaviri makuru masimba wengarava mberi kurwira nyuchi uye pfuma. Panguva iyoyo, Cook aiva tenzi - naye. Iye nyanzvi mune cartography, basa kuongorora gwara uye mugero ndiye ari St. Lawrence River. On dzarwo inokosha guta Quebec, kuti Britain aida kunombata.

Tenzi yakabudirira kukurira basa, saka kuti kurwisa akatora nzvimbo uye watora nhare inokosha. Royal Navy vaiva nenyanzvi hunokosha akadai Dzheyms e, pfupi Biography iyo akagamuchira kumativi itsva. Adzokera kumba, akatanga kugadzirira nyika rwendo yokutanga.

Wokutanga rwendo

Hurumende yave dzinounzwa Cook duku chikepe "Yokuita". It ruzivo mukwasvi aifanira kuongorora kumaodzanyemba mumakungwa kuwana kondinendi isingazivikanwi, iyo inonzi waiva zvakanyanyisa latitudes. The chikwata yavewo kuchanzi ruzivo vanachiremba - botanists uye nyanzvi. chikwata ichi chaiva kutungamirira Dzheyms e, pfupi Biography uye izvo nhasi chinokwezva vaverengi vakawanda.

Muna 1768 akasiya Plymouth chengarava kuva muTahiti. Captain kuzivikanwa ndechokuti chikepe anenge apinda muchinyatsongwarira chirango pamusoro ukama vomunyika yacho. Boka racho akarayira chero zvazvingava kuva aipikisana savages, asi edza kuvaka vagarisane. Izvi zvakanga asatenderwe zvatinosiita netsika, ivo dzakadzidzvinyirira, vagari vemo massively kuchekwa kana kuwira muuranda. Izvi kumushora aiongorora Dzheyms e. Brief Biography yaKaputeni harina chero uchapupu kuti nokusingaperi akatanga nzira dzinopesana pamwe zvemo.

New Zealand uye Australia

Mushure Tahiti, ichiteverwa New Zealand, izvo ukaongorora ari Dzheyms e. Brief Biography kuti aiongorora dzose bhuku kunosanganisira rondedzero nemabasa ake sechinhu cartographer. Iye akarondedzera mumashoko ose oudzame mumwe kumhenderekedzo iyo nechikepe yapfuura. Ake kadhi inoshandiswa kwemamwe makore zana. On the "Yokuita" akavhura Bay, yaakanga zita Queen Charlotte Sound. Zita romutungamiriri akanzwisisa yakamanika kuti wakapatsanura zvitsuwa maviri New Zealand.

East kweAustralia apo zvikwata zvisingaoneki kwemarudzi zvinomera. Nokuda Bay ichi munzvimbo yainzi Botanical. VokuEurope vakashamiswa yomunharaunda fauna of, kusanganisira kangaroos dikovannym. June 11, 1770 chikepe akatambura chakakura buri the reef, izvo kufambira zvikuru rwendo.

Kana vhinza kwave midzi, "Yokuita" akaenda Indonesia. Ikoko vezvikepe noutachiona nemarariya. The utsanana ari ipapo floats ane zvirwere. Zvisinei, Cook, nokubvumirana nemitemo utsanana uye kuchinja Kudya aigona kukurira chakakuvara - the bane vengarava vakawanda. Asi marariya nemanyoka akanga asati nzira inobudirira. Naizvozvo, apo "Edza" pakupedzisira akatendeuka kubva kuCape Town, vanhu 12 chete akasara mungarava, kusanganisira Cook.

Wokutanga rwendo akaratidza kuti New Zealand ine zvitsuwa maviri. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha (wokumaodzanyemba yakaoma) uye haana dzakaonekwa. Pangozi ndiyo kumabvazuva kweAustralia rakaiswa zvizere.

The rwendo rwechipiri

Muna 1772 akatanga rwendo itsva, rinotungamirirwa Dzheyms e. Short Biography vana rine vakawanda zvinonakidza kufamba mashoko anokwezva vaverengi vaduku. Zvikurukuru ndiwo rondedzero chinoshamisa zvinomera uye mhuka dzinopisa fauna of.

Cook akava chipfuro wokutanga Bouvet Island, izvo zvakanga zvamboshandiswa kuonekwa kure Norwegian rwendo. Zvisinei, kuti kuchiva munda uye haana kuwanikwa, ipapo chikwata akaenda mberi kumaodzanyemba. Muna January 1773, "chisarudzo" uye "Adventure" kokutanga munhoroondo tsvakurudzo akayambuka Antarctic Circle. Nokuda mamiriro zvikuru okunze zvikepe zviviri, kunyange kwenguva duku kukanganwa mumwe.

Shure kwenguva refu rwendo vorega akananga Tahiti uye Hin. Ikoko, Britain atarisana kwakakasharara pamusoro zvemo, uye kunyange kudya vanhu. Mune ramangwana, Cook vakananga yakafanira kumabvazuva, rotanga New Caledonia uye South Georgia. Zvisinei, haana kumbobvira akakwanisa kusvika pamhenderekedzo Antarctica. It vakatsvaka Dzheyms e. Biography, pfupiso izvo anotakura adventures akajeka, yave nyaya yezvidzidzo venhau dzakaitika dzakawanda.

Last rwendo

Muna 1776 vakatanga rwendo itsva. Rakanga yokupedzisira runobudirira, yakanga ichitungamirirwa Dzheyms e. Biography, pfupiso izvo rinowanika zvose geography mabhuku, unosanganisira ichi chitsauko anonakidza. Panguva iyi mukuru akasimuka ngarava maviri - "chisarudzo" uye "Discovery".

December 24, 1777 rwendo zvakwakafukurwa Christmas Island, saka zita mukukudza kuuya yezororo. Pano vafambisi vaigona kuona kuora kwezuva akazvionera. tsamwisa ake wakaziva Dzheyms e, yaisanganisira pfupi Biography, uye mazuva refu kudzidza yezvenyeredzi.

rufu

Atova January, ari vokuEurope kutanga akaona Hawaiian Islands. Pano vakazorora, uye ipapo vakaenda nemahombekombe Alaska uye Gungwa chukchi. Munziramo zvikepe vakayambuka peArctic Circle. On ari Aleutian Islands Cook akasangana vaongorori vokuRussia uye maindasitiri.

Kubva polar mumakungwa chikwata vakadzokera kuHawaii. Iye akasangana neboka vaAborigine nhamba pamusoro chiuru. With veko nguva dzose paiva dzinombokakavadzana, ndokusaka vakarwisa yeBritain. Panguva imwe kudenha February 14, 1779 Dzheyms e akaurayiwa. Very pfupi Biography pamusoro aiongorora anofanira kuziviswa chero vakadzidza uye erudite murume. Mukuru akava gamba renyika mu UK.