Eastern uye Western nzira panowanikwa State uye Mutemo: A Kuenzanisa

To musi, vanhu kwasvika pamwero okukura kuti mhinduro chero mibvunzo hapana dambudziko. Isu takaita kubudirira anenge ose huripo matavi upenyu: .. The kuvakwa, vanhu vatevedzere mutemo, mushonga, etc. Zvisinei, izvi zvakanga zvisingaitiki nguva dzose. Pakutanga, vanhu vaivapo muna duku maumbirwo inonzi mhuri. Gare gare, nyaya wakazooneka ineffectiveness izvi hurongwa hwesangano iri kurapa guru negurumwandira revanhu. Saka, mhuri yakatanga kukura, zvichiita kuti kwaita States.

Panyaya womukati kusakarongeka vanhu munyika, inobva mutemo. Iyo panguva vakasvika kutsiva mhirizhonga uye chitendero. Nhasi, kodzero - ichi chinokosha regulator munzanga ukama chero nyika. Sezvatinoona, mutemo uye hurumende dzinopindirana mhando. Vakaita rakavapo pane zvakafanana nguva dzose. Zvisinei, kusiyana National mutsika uye mafungiro ose chakaita kuti paumbwe marudzi maviri ehurumende uye mutemo: kumabvazuva nokumavirira. Ivo rusununguko yakawanda yakasiyana zvinhu uye nhoroondo yaro, sezvo ichakurukurwa gare gare munyaya.

Pfungwa dzevanhu

Tisati takurukura kumadokero uye dzekumabvazuva kukura jurisprudence, zvakafanira kubata peculiarities ose muchikwata wechipiri. Sezvambotaurwa, kodzero - ichi chinokosha regulator evanhu ukama. Asi iyi pane mubvunzo musoro kuti uyu ndiye chikamu? Kubva izvo zviri zvakananga? Muchiitiko chino, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kodzero ari kutaridza yetsika kuti pamutemo neHurumende kuti zvakananga kudzora siyana zvoupenyu vemo. Mashoko kodzero zvemitemo mabasa. Kazhinji vane hierarchical hurongwa kuvakwa uye chinangwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kodzero yekudyidzana anotsigira kwesangano nemamiriro mamiriro. Kutaura zvazviri, pasina mutemo nyika nyore kungadai kusipo.

Pfungwa hurumende

Enyika nevafungi ose nguva kubvunza mibvunzo pamusoro chii chinoumba neimwe nyika yoga? Ko mamiriro ichi chete epamutemo kana iye chinobva shasha kwevanhu? Kubva musi dambudziko iri rave kuisa mberi muzvizhinji dzakasiyana dzidziso, mumwe dzinoratidzwa warwo dzose. To musi, pane zvakawanda chikamu chimwe zvavo pfungwa. Under zvokudya zvayo, hurumende - ndiwo chaiwo evanhu sangano, icho kunoratidzwa kuvapo simba rezvematongerwo enyika, kumanikidzwa ne womukati mutemo ukama uye pamutemo framework, izvo inzira mashoko kodzero. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe nyika iri akazvimirira zvizere uye pamwero wakati "vapenyu". Eastern uye Western nenzira panowanikwa mamiriro, muchidimbu munyaya ino, kubvumira nemaziso kuona masimba stanovelenie imwe mhando.

Sezvo mamiriro uye mutemo chokuita mumwe?

Mapoka maviri akauyawo munyaya dzinopindirana. Zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda, kusanganisira vamwe theorists, havazivi kukosha kuti ukama mhando iyi. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti zvakarurama chikamu mamiriro. Nemamwe mashoko, muchikwata rokutanga anosika rinokosha framework uye nenheyo kushanda, nemhaka iyo chinhu nyika iripo. Uyezve, murayiro chikuru yesangano chinhu, nokuda iyo vanhu dzikarongwa pamwe kwete mumwe zvinoriumba, asi yose muvanhu. Asi, sezvo tichiziva, kodzero uye Hurumende haana kuzviratidza pakarepo. zvisikwa zvavo kwakaitika mumakore inotungamirwa uye kusimudzira yokungotaura.

Eastern uye Western nenzira panowanikwa mamiriro, muchidimbu munyaya ino vari chete kunzwisisa dzidziso. Vakanga akatunhidzwa kutsanangura zvimwe zvinhu enhoroondo ukama kunyika uye jurisprudence. Pfungwa zvizere kupendwa ari kwaita States. Western uye Eastern nzira kukura iyi - ndiko kare kutanga. Kureva, vari on hwaro mundima uye kuvapo nyika-chaizvo zvechiratidzo tsika vanhu zvavo.

Eastern uye Western nenzira panowanikwa ehurumende uye mutemo: musimboti kwacho

nyika uye zviri pamutemo hurongwa mumwe nomumwe mairi vakasikwa pamusoro refu yakawanda nguva. Nemamwe mashoko, Mapato aya apfuura refu nzira inotungamirwa pamberi azviwanira ano Kutarira. Kana nzira kukura, kana pane dzidziso ivepo, yakanga yakaumbwa somugumisiro dzakasiyana pachena mune vanhu East uye West. Kwemazana emakore akawanda, tsika munzanga izvi kure nomumwe. Kunyange XXI remakore kumadokero uye okumabvazuva nyika vachangotanga zvavakasangana nazvo kushamwaridzana mumwe muminda siyana uye. Asi chokwadi kuti kusangana kunyika dzose munyika munharaunda asingadi siya chaiyo dzichiva dzakasiyana. Naizvozvo, iri kumabvazuva uye vokumadokero nenzira panowanikwa ehurumende uye kodzero basa tsvakurudzo dzakaitika uye zviri pamutemo theorists nhasi.

Background of ehurumende - nechokumadokero uye kumabvazuva nzira

Nhasi, akawandisa nyika pane munyika. Asi vose kamwe huchibva chirongwa nucleation uye inotungamirwa. Eastern uye Western nzira panowanikwa rinoti vane zvimwe zvinhu. Muchiitiko chino, tichakurukura izvozvo zvikuru chinoshamisa, nekuti kodzero kuoneka pahwaro yomunyika yetsika nemitemo evanhu mhuri refu asati chero magariro idzodzo. Saka, kunongoitwa pakusikwa ehurumende kwakakonzerwa anoverengeka dyidzana zvinhu, zvinoti:

• basa rinokosha reDare zvakasikwa, izvo zvakanga zvisina zvakanaka kune vanhu nguva dzose;
• huru hupfumi chinokonzera ndiko kutanga kugadzirwa uye, chokwadi, vakawanda musika;
• mupfungwa chinhu chinokonzera vanhu vanofanira yabatanidza muboka kuti zvirinani kuzadzisa zvimwe zvinangwa;
• societal zvinoita zvinoratidza kuti vose pamutemo uye hurumende pezvakaitwa dzinokudziridzwa chete mukati muvanhu uye vari zvinobva mariri mhando.

Pahwaro vose features, tinogona kugumisa kuti hurumende uye kodzero - Fani iyi, wakasika zvakananga murume mukufamba kwaro shanduka. Nemamwe mashoko, kukura nyika uye pamutemo mitemo uchapupu yakakwirira njere pamwero munzanga, iro zvechokwadi yakanaka chinhu. Eastern uye Western nenzira panowanikwa mamiriro mutemo unofanira sechinhu Mapato yakaoma, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise govera zvavo zvinokosha zvinhu.

Jurisprudence uye kunyika yeMabvazuva

East kana "Asian" nzira okukura wehurumende uye mutemo - dzakaunganidzwa interconnected pezvakaitwa zvakazoita kuti kwaita muchikwata ichi neimwe nzvimbo. The chikuru chinoratidza chikamu ino ndiyo pakudzorwa kuti despotism, somumwe kiyi nzira mumagariro kuzvidzora. Kureva, chero hwoutongi haisi kuti kutsvaka kuMabvazuva. Pashure pezvose, nokuda siyana zvinhu, rimwe riri utsinye okunze, ukama pakati vanhu muchikamu ino vagara refu azvipire kutonga vamwe vanhu pamusoro pevamwe.

A chokukomborerwa dzekumabvazuva zvakanaka sezvo ari upfumi. It kunoratidzwa pamberi paruzhinji muridzi. Kana murairo, muchikwata ichi zvakare kunonyanya kukonzerwa mukuru zviri netsika uye mafungiro chavagari dzekumabvazuva.

Key zviri Asian mhando

Eastern uye Western nenzira kwakabva mamiriro rusununguko yayo unhu zvinhu kuparadzanisa kubva mumwe. Kuti tinzwisise zviri neimwe mhando, zvinokosha kuongorora mamiriro ayo, izvo kurondedzera achiati siyana mabasa evanhu: upfumi, zvematongerwo enyika, etc. In iyi, kukura ehurumende uye mutemo kuMabvazuva kwakaitika kuburikidza zvishoma nezvishoma Kushanduka evanhu idzodzo ari wemhuri yokuumba nzanga iri .. It vakabatana munyika. Jurisprudence kwakawedzerwawo pasi evanhu mitemo, inoumbwa hwakaoma centralization. Saka, chikuru zvinokonzera kukura nzanga iri East vaiva:

1. Zvokurwa okunze, izvo zvakakonzera kudiwa pakusika guru kudiridza hurongwa, vachibvumira vanoirima, kunyange pakati murenje.
2. Uye kubatanidza Kunokosha kuzviisa pasi huru negurumwandira revanhu zvimwe zvokufambisa utariri.
3. Kudiwa nevakawanda mamaneja, vasina kuongorora uye waidzora maitiro makuru evanhu.

Kuwedzera kune izvi zvinokonzera dzekumabvazuva, zvikuru chinokosha chepfungwa iri pamberi mavari pamusoro simba kudzora hurongwa. It inozivikanwa se madziro utariri, tiri pasi mumwe uye zvose kuda. Kazhinji munyika ino vake vaiva mumadhipatimendi nhatu huru dzine: zvemari, zvechiuto uye voruzhinji. Wokupedzisira Bazi raiva basa guru basa. Nokudaro, Eastern inoti vakanga inozivikanwa se simba vazhinji bureaucratic hurongwa.

Zvimwe zviri pokumuka kunyika dzokuAsia kodzero

Chokwadi, kuwedzera kune zvinhu kukurukurwa, pane zvimwe zvine chokuita Eastern nyika uye kodzero kwavari, somuenzaniso:

• yepamutemo indasitiri kazhinji nehanya chete chinonyanya wevakadzidza maitirwo ezvinhu, uye upenyu hwezuva nezuva murume anodzorwa tsika;
• chaipo kakawanda hazvina kunyorwa uye ikoko vanhu mupfungwa;
• vagari 'pamutemo haana kuenzana nokuda weboka vanhu kupinda mapoka;
• masangano akawanda chinyakare vanhu vakanga kuzvitendero Somuenzaniso, nyika-mhando munharaunda.

Saka, nzira Eastern okukura wehurumende uye mutemo ine zvizhinji dzinonakidza nguva. Zvisinei, hapana zvishoma kupfuura yokungotaura kusawirirana pamusoro Western nyika nemasangano avo. Panyaya iyi, vagari venyika Russian Federation rechipiri munzira kukura riri pedyo, nokuti rudzi wedu rakavapo pamusoro wayo hwaro.

Western nzira okukura

A dzakasiyana-siyana kuti kwaita hurumende nhasi achibvumira masayendisiti kuziva kiyi tsika uye pfungwa kusiyana pakati vanhu East uye West. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vaviri mhando idzodzo ndidzo zvakananga zvakapesana mumwe. Pashure pezvose, nzira kwaita hurumende Pakutanga inosanganisira kushandisa akasiyana nzira murau, utungamiriri, vanokwanisa uye upfumi rinodyiwa. Naizvozvo, kana tichifunga kodzero uye nyika dzokuMadokero, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti ichi chinhu chakasiyana zvachose mamiriro akanyatsofanana kumabvazuva.

Zvikuru munyika iyi nyaya iri kodzero. The regulator pamusoro paruzhinji ukama akaberekwa kumadokero mundima mangwanani zvakakwana. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti vanhu vanoziva vabatsirwe kodzero iri nedanho nekuita pamwe mumwe. mhando iyi rationality mumafambisirwe kusvika kwakaita kukurumidza inotungamirwa inotaura. An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti nyika dzokuMadokero akazviratidza pamberi nzanga yakakamurwa kupinda makirasi. Zvisinei, ndiwo Kusiyanisa kwenzanga akabvumira kuti ichishanduka. Saka, tinogona kusiyanisa zvinotevera maitiro zviri kukura munyika uye kodzero iyi mhando Somuenzaniso:

• makirasi akazviratidza zvikuru paya talk sangano;
• kodzero rave kushandiswa chaizvo zvose okukurukura upenyu: zvematongerwo enyika, upfumi, kutengeserana, etc ...
• Mutemo waibvumira kusika wokutanga gutsaruzhinji masangano, izvo yo zvimwe inoti ano;
• simba enyika ndezvipi pfuma upfumi nhengo dzayo;
• nzanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuva huru kunobva simba ehurumende midziyo.

Asi kana nyika yokumabvazuva, kakawanda vane zvakafanana zviri kukura uye inoshanda, kuMadokero yakaumbwa nzira dzakawanda-shanduka anonzi siyana nhasi.

Spartan uye vomuAtene nzira budiriro

Eastern uye Western nzira panowanikwa TGP rinotaura kuonekwa dyidzana uye dzinopesana siyana yemhindumupindu munyika dzakawanda kuti zviripo nhasi. Zvisinei, yokumadokero sangano simba uye kodzero ane mamwe matavi. Mumwe wavo inzira vomuAtene okukura wehurumende uye mutemo. Ndiwo inonyanya chaiwo chimiro kugadzira nyika. Rinoreva kuvapo zvidzidzo uye zvematongerwo vepamusoro. Kana kodzero, watova panguva iyoyo akanga rakakamurwa wandei mapazi unokubvumira kugadzirisa vakawanda munyika ukama. Zvakasiyana chimiro Spartan wehurumende. Kwakatangira ichi chiitiko nzira zvinotora muna Sparta yekare. mamiriro Izvi nguva mumamiriro akagadzirira, izvo zvakakanganisa zvikuru dzakawanda munyaya zhinji. Zvinenge zvose zvinokosha basa rakanga nokudzorwa kazhinji tichisunga nemirayiro, izvo haana kupa kodzero chisarudzo.

Mamiriro weRoma mhando

Chinokosha kuti nyika dzakawanda ndiyo nzira weRoma kukura. Kukosha ndiro zita kuti hurumende kwakasimbiswa dzakasiyana-siyana pamutemo masangano. Maiva muRoma yekare vakatanga kuitwa weboka kodzero munzvimbo uye voga mabhora. Maererano nehurumende midziyo, yava nevanopinda sezvo evasingatombonamati bureaucratic, uye zvimwe democratic zvinhu.

Chokwadi, chimiro akapa - ichi haisi nzira inokosha kwaita hurumende. Zvisinei, vari zvakare rinokosha zhinji ano enyika uye pamutemo enyika. Naizvozvo, kuvapo kwavo hazvitomboiti kusatevedzera.

mhedziso

Saka, munyaya isu akatarira kumabvazuva uye vokumadokero nenzira panowanikwa ehurumende. Kuenzanisa siyana izvi akaratidza kuti musiyano pakati vanhu zvikamu zvose zvenyika ichiwanika kwete chete tsika, asiwo enyika uye dzepamutemo peculiarities okukura kwavo.