Electric locomotive Kuchibhotla-80: unhu, kuparadzirwa uye vanoparadza

Vanenge tose tinoziva kuti yakakura chaizvo chikamu mitoro yose munyika mayo anoita njanji senga. Kana nzvimbo post-Soviet, munharaunda iyi yakazova - koda mhedziso undisputed mutungamiri kwenhamba zvifambiswe mutakurwi yake uye zvinhu motokari. Saka, munyaya ino tiri exhaustively funga mumwe kutungamirira michina kuti aite traction motokari siyana, zita iro - yemagetsi locomotive Kuchibhotla-80.

Vhuṱanzi

Izvi simba chitima chikwata ndiye brainchild of Novocherkassk Electric locomotive Plant. Zviri panguva ino zvebhizimisi yemagetsi locomotive Kuchibhotla-80 yakagadzirwa uye dzikabereka yose zvayo zviripo shanduro. At mukugadzira Chivako ichi kunze chete mukereke kushanda uye zvose zvaidiwa zvinoriumba yaipiwa dzimwe nyika muchina-kuvaka Enterprises. In zvachose 2746 zviyero dzakabudiswa, uye yokupedzisira motokari akasiya ungano mutsetse muna 1995.

kukura

Electric panhongonya 80 anoshanda kushanda siyana nhumbi mudzimba uye mhiri kwemakungwa (Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan) muzongoza yakafadza danho razvino pamwe kakawanda 50 Hz njanji.

Vose kwemashoko locomotive rinonyatsotarira kushanda pamwe catenary voltage pakati 19-29 KV. Ambient tembiricha iri iyi inogona kuva zvinobva -50 kusvika +40 Celsius ari mwando pakati 90% uye kukwirira pachiyero gungwa haasi mukuru 1200 mamita.

Design zvinhu

Locomotive Kuchibhotla-80 akabuda fekitari gedhi anoumbwa peya zvikamu, kunyange zvazvo vamwe dzemagetsi mhando vane zvikamu zvitatu kana kunyange zvina, asi kutaura nezvazvo pashure.

Uchifunga zvokuimba chikamu VL80, tinoona kuti chinomiririrwa maviri zvachose kufanana maviri ekisero bogies umo mapuranga wakaumbwa welded. Kubereka rutsigiro chinotenderera mhando kungandipa bogie furemu pachishandiswa anyerere kutigumbura (aya rabha majoini kuuraya). Kubva ngoro kuti muviri uye braking simba kuburikidza kutambanudzira nembambo - tsvimbo inoshandisa dzidziso kubatana. An electric motor ichipa kwebasa locomotive, yakasimbiswa ne axial kutsigira-anorembera. injini kutaipa - NB-418K6. Kubva injini kuti vhiri yegwara vachishandisa kutenderera ari wakapiwa pachishandiswa zviviri-nzira helical giya hutachiwana korona zvakakwana aoma. Sezvo hutachiwana ichi giya mazino vane imwe mafungiro, kuti kuroorana chinhu zvachose vasipo axial simba, izvo zvinozoita, kunoderedza zvikuru mutoro pamusoro nemotokari uye anowedzera upenyu basa zvikamu.

Breakout midziyo

Electric panhongonya 80 panguva imwe neimwe muchikamu racho vakapakata:

• Pantograph, iyo anotakura kuitika kubva catenary. Riri zvakananga pamusoro rokutyaira kabhini.
• Main chinja BOB-25M.
• Traction transformer aine motor-pombi mafuta mhando.
• Hangaiwa rectifier dzakabatana.
• Mukuru controller.
• Fazorasschepitelem vabereke muchikamu chechitatu, izvo zvinobatanidzwa zvokudya asynchronous Motors dzimwe ebetsero dzakabatana.
• Motors Four, mafeni, kuti kutonhora siyana michina uye boosting mutumbi locomotive. Vaviri injini anofanirwa atonhodze nemotokari injini.
• Motor-CT 6EL compressor nokuda generating mhepo inodiwa kuti dzose nokushanda braking ezvinhu, simba zviyero, mukuru voltage ichivharira kamuri, emitting ruzha anonongedzera kusiyanisa inzwi, kushanda pneumatic actuator girazi cleaners.

transformer

Vaine traction ichitenderera uye ichitenderera pachako zvinodiwa kuti voltage pa simbe 399 V (yavose sezvavakatarirwa mutoro 380 C), iyo inoshanda nokuti powering ari muzvizhinji kuti ebetsero kuzvidzora nematunhu. Kana guru zvakasiyana catenary voltage iri voltage panguva ebetsero injini iri Kutsigiswa Spurs zviviri kuva yayo voltage kuti 210 V uye 630 V. nokuchinja transformer ravo kunoitika manually. At huru injini voltage kuchinja zviri operatively zvakananga kwacho opareta.

dzora subtleties

Kufambira yemagetsi voltage kunoitika yakafanira kuchinja, izvo vaipa kune mumwe nemotokari injini. Chero aripo panhongonya-okunatsiridza 80 (kunze panhongonya 80r) ari voltage kukoshesa NATED ari kugadziridzwa nokuchinja pasi mutoro transformer pombi vachishandisa yemagetsi huru controller. Kuti kubvisa mukana kuti inrush pari panguva kuchinja nzvimbo pakati transformer uye controller akatasva Kuchinja reactor iyo anoita richipedza uye nokuchinja overloads vachishandisa private dzakakwirira inductance.

Sezvo zvinhu vakapfuura kungoti rakakura dzenzvimbo, panyaya iyi, avo neshamwari wakaumbwa chaiwo yeimwe kabhoni-sirivha. Total elektrokontroller (ECG) rine anenge 12 makirogiramu esirivha. ECG ari anosundwa DC injini ane voltage 50 V uye simba 500 W, panguva startup umo locomotive anogara chaizvo ipfupi kuona chiedza uye voltage iri kudzorwa matunhu.

makarindira yemagetsi panhongonya 80r, iro hakuna mukuru elektrokontroller nokudzorwa nedzimwe nzira. Uyewo panguva locomotive ane rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe braking iyo inopa kudzoka kuparadzwa yemagetsi simba kunyika pemambure.

parameters

Electric locomotive Kuchibhotla-80, ari hwokugadzira unhu zviri akaratidza pazasi, rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo nhumbi uye mutakurwi locomotive. The chikuru zviratidzi venyika muchina uyu:

• Length - 32480 mm.
• Urefu (akayera kubva njanji musoro susceptor vamhanyi akadarikira) - 5100 mm.
• Hour simba - 6520 KW.
• Tractive simba - 4501 tani.
• Speed - 51,6 km / h.
• Simba kuramba ichishanda - 6160 KW.
• Tractive simba iri kwenguva refu nokushanda - 40,9 tani.
• Tractive simba pakutanga sangano-65 mc.

mhando

Electric NEVZ anogadzirwa siyana mazano uye nekuti kwavo siyana rakafara zvakakwana. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

Kuchibhotla-80T

Its zvokuimba chikamu ine zvikamu zvina uye akaisa pasi pavo nesochlenonnyh mumarori. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine yayo micheto SA-3 coupler.

Ngoro dziri yakagadzirwa papepa matanda, mugumo mirwi yokurwa ari tubular mhando uye bhokisi-Chikamu divi masvingo. All mauto kuti chiito yemagetsi locomotive vakayambuka paucheche kuturika. The kuzvidzora redunhu zvinosanganisira redunhu namapoporodzi, izvo kwakatsiva kare yakaiswa fuses. Also dzakachinjwa zvishoma uye kufefetedza gadziriro: yepachena simbi walkways achifamba mukoridho, rworuboshwewo prechamber akaderedzwa uye akamutswa padenga. Ane kuchinja uye yemagetsi hushande. Zvikurukuru, zvikuru rheostat vakatasva akamedura, braking resistors, haizoshandisi. Zvose izvi zvakaita kuti chinokosha rearrangement yose iripo michina.

Kushanda murayiridzo yemagetsi rinoti kuti panguva wokupinda murwiyo kufamba kwayo kumhanya hakufaniri anopfuura 3 km / h. Izvi zvachose kubvisa mukana nehana uye kukuvadza coupler.

Kuchibhotla-80S

A pachena chinoratidza locomotive ichi ndechokuti zvinogona kutungamirira mutyairi zvikamu zvitatu kana kupfuura kubva chete kunyaradzana. Izvi zvakava zvinogoneka mushure hurongwa yave zviumbu zhinji wakatangwa.

Locomotive zvemaziso uye magetsi ari anenge kufanana kuna HV-80T, asi pane misiyano:

• Paiva hurongwa, mamwe inoratidza kushanda zvakabatana zvikamu.
• Chinozoiswa siyana mezhelektrovoznye akakura.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, chokutakura zvinhu chitima Kuchibhotla-80 ° C kuchinja siyana kuvandudza rakavimbika muchina uye kuderedza mwero ayo kugadzirwa mari. Somuenzaniso, zvitsva Motors Ane-225L4UHL2 pane kwavatumwa-92-4 vakanga yakaiswa. Uyewo muna 1985, vakawanda mienzaniso vakanga yakatangwa ruzivo NATED. Kuwedzera nomumwe zvinhu yose mamiriro kuuyisa vezvikwata itsva kwakakanganisa kuti zvachose guru pamusoro locomotive yakanga yawedzera uye akaisa mutsva chezita wake mufananidzo - matani 192.

Nokushanda locomotive ichi mumamiriro ezvinhu yechando kunoda anokosha matanho akadai:

• Kutsiva girisi zhizha kuti chando.
• Kubviswa yaivapo idonhe vari manhole pakavha, munhui, uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri.
• Pakuongorora bhatiri mamiriro.
• Revision of motor-axial mabheyaringi uye giya.

Kuchibhotla-80r

locomotive ichi yakazokudziridzwa kufungisisa zvinokanganiswa kare uye aiva nomukana rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe braking. Uyewo zvakanga yokutanga yemagetsi locomotive pazviri thyristor AC murau. In michina iyi, controllers akadai CME-80 kunge yakaiswa. Kuti tirambe kunowanzoitika uchishandisa tembiricha iri locomotive midziyo yaishandiswa TSVP64-14 vachivakuza. Electric muenzaniso uyu ave achishingaira kubatanidzwa somunhu njanji chokufambisa munjanji ari Krasnoyarsk nharaunda, East-Siberian uye Far Eastern pakutengeserana. Zviya, zvinoshamisa chokwadi: Kuchibhotla-80T - 1685 kwave munyaya filming muitiro firimu "Highway", iro rava kufarirwa pakati ruzivo railwaymen.

Mberi yacho locomotive iri rinenge kufanana kuna HV-80T, asi pane misiyano miviri:

• In rokumusoro rworudyi kukona panhongonya 80r anoda chaiwo mapuranga vane mwenje masere, imwe neimwe inoratidza mamiriro soro-nokukurumidza Minamato haipindurwe zvikamu.
• mutyairi controller iri configured somunhu ruoko vhiri panzvimbo mhikuriso.

Kuchibhotla-80K

Imwe neimwe zvikamu yemagetsi № kusvika 380 akanga yakanyatsoiswa maviri Centrifugal mafeni yavose sezvavakatarirwa pa 40 KW nerimwe, anoshandiswa atonhodze ari traction Motors iripo. The rusero anotora mhepo kuburikidza louvers dzinongoda kurudyi muviri rusvingo.

Sezvo № 380, mbiri-mavhiri locomotive vashandi Centrifugal mafeni, iyo rikaparadzirwa kudunhu divi mhepo yaunodya utorwe.

panhongonya 80cm

Izvi mhando locomotive rakatanga kubudiswa muna 1991 uye dzikabereka makore mana chete.

Zvayakaita, hazvina zvakare vakasiyana Kuchibhotla-80 ° C. Zvisinei, paiva kuchinja. Saka, vashoma vakachinja configuration buffer magetsi uye Spotlights akatasva pedenga locomotive. In chitarisiko akanga zvishoma akafanana Kuchibhotla-85.

HVL-80M

Electric, yaishandiswa kuita rinokosha gadziriro yakaisvonaka kugadziridzwa voltage traction injini kushandisa inverter VIP 4000M rectifier-inverter mhando. Zvakanzi akagadzawo yemhando injini NB-418KR.

Locomotive pamwe kudzora maitiro achishandisa microprocessor rwokugadzira uye Diagnostics. Kuti zvinopa zvose Chinyorwa uye otomatiki kudzora yemagetsi locomotive, dzinovimbisa kudzivirira zvadzikira skidding, anodzora excitation kuitika mune rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe braking muoti, anodzora ataure-contactor mano uye rokuongorora zvose Hardware multi-tani muchina.

locomotive kuzvidzora chikwata zvino kunyanya ergonomic uye mushandisi-ushamwari. Takatanga kushandisa conditioner uye zvigaro itsva kuti mutyairi uye ake mubatsiri.

rechengetedzo

Vagadzirise yemagetsi panhongonya kuitwa dzakasiyana maviri:

1. Svikiro kugadzira - rinoitwa kuti zvinowana kwokutanga azvipire kuita, uyewo kukwana kana izere kudzorera oparesheni huru mativi uye zviyero (rokuongorora uye yokugadzirisa netambo, zvikwepa nevamwe).
2. Overhaul - akaderedza zvekuvaka zvachose zvose Worn mativi uye zvinoriumba. Kana zvakakodzera wakakwana yaitsiva Worn zvinoriumba. The muchina Chaizvoizvo, anonzwisisa kune mumwe sikuruu.

Pamberi chero pamusoro mhando kugadziriswa yemagetsi vakachenesa tsvina guruva, akoromoka kupinda Sub-akaunganidzwa, vakabva pasi anonyatsotsvaka chaizvo kuzviongorora kuona kukura kusakara. Panguva pakushambidza magetsi vose tambo uye zvokuridzira vari pasi yakavimbika voga kubva kupinda izvi kuchenesa mhinduro.

Electric locomotives inobva HV-80

Mudziyo wemagetsi locomotive Kuchibhotla-80 achiratidza kuti yakakodzera uye kufunga, kuti ibudiswe hwaro nezvimwe locomotives. Saka, muna 1999 Demikhovsky ouinjiniya chirimwa mana yemagetsi ED1 rakavakwa, rwaiumbwa motokari gumi uye chitima zvakananga ED9T, uye pane mativi huru Kuronga railcars vakanga yakatsiviwa dzemagetsi VL80s Chikamu. ED 1 vakanunurwa mune chitoro Far mugwagwa uye Khabarovsk-2. Zvisinei, muna 2009, zvitima izvi zvose zvakaiswa namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara chose.

Muna 2001, basa racho kuti paumbwe kwegadziriro nezvitima maviri zvakawedzera nyaradzo wakasikwa. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, wemagetsi chitima ngoro ED4DK zvaishandiswa, izvo zvaiiswa pakati zvikamu AC uye DC.

Mukupera 2001, kunzvimbo isingabvumirwi mauto akasika chitima ED4DK-001, rimwe divi yaiva chikamu nokusingaperi pamusoro HV-10-315 DC, uye pamusoro mumwe - Kuchibhotla-80T-1138. Zvisinei, muna kosi kwohumwe basa, zvakava pachena kuti vagari basa izvi zviyero zviviri hazvibviri kuti michina zvikonzero. Achirova Kusimbiswa kuti vaishumira Burned panhongonya chikamu 10-315 pasi.

mhedziso

Mitoro chitima Kuchibhotla-80 akanga zvikuru kugamuchirwa hwedu, kuti creators mitambo yepakombiyuta hunobatanidzawo mune rimwe zvaakasika - Railroad Tycoon 3. Uyezve, zviri akanyatsovimbika yemagetsi kopi akawana nzvimbo yaro iri mutambo STALKER