Humanism ndiyo muuzivi Pico della Mirandola

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola akaberekerwa Florence, February 2, 1463. Iye anonzi mumwe nevafungi zvikuru Renaissance. Humanist muuzivi Pico della Mirandola akadana "mwari". Vomunguva akazviona sezvo kupangidza yakakwirira zvinotarisirwa tsika dzokunamata, uye paiva Pope akatevera mashoko ake noushingi. mabasa ake, akaita pachake, vakanga kuzivikanwa yose Europe vakadzidza. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola akafa muduku (17 November 1494). Muupenyu hwake, akava nomukurumbira nokuti akanaka, machinda rupo, asi zvikuru kujairika siyana zivo yavo, mano uye zvaunofarira.

Pico della Mirandola: pfupi Biography

The anofunga Aibva mumhuri Counts nemadzishe. Iye kwave chokuita dzimba zhinji zvakakurumbira Italy. Mumakore 14, Pico della Mirandola akava mudzidzi paUniversity of Bologna. Pashure akaramba zvidzidzo vake Ferrara, Padua, Pavia uye Paris. Panguva nokudzidziswa, iye nyanzvi dzechitendero, mutemo, uzivi, mabhuku ekare. Mukuwedzera chiRatini uye nechiGiriki, aifarira muKaradhea, chiHebheru, Arabic. Somuyaruki, anofunga akatsvaka kudzidza zvose inokosha uye inoyera zvokunamata ruzivo yakawanikwa dzakasiyana nevanhu vakasiyana.

mabasa ekutanga

Early Pico zvakakwana shamwari nevanhu vakafanana Medici, Poliziano, Ficino uye dzimwe nhengo dzakawanda Platonic Academy. Muna 1468, akaita "Mashoko canzone rudo Beniveni" uye "900 abstracts mu masvomhu, wefizikisi, tsika uye dialectic yebasa gakava." Anofunga vakafunga kudzivirira mabasa avo panguva gakava muRoma pamberi akakurumbira Italian uye European masayendisiti. Chiitiko chacho chaiva raizoitirwa 1487. Open gakava yaiva bhuku rakanga kugadzirira Pico della Mirandola - "Zviri pamusoro chiremera womunhu."

The nharo muRoma

Basa, rakanyorwa Pico della Mirandola, kukudzwa murume, ari pfupi, pfungwa zvichemo huru mbiri. Chokutanga, basa rake The anofunga akati pamusoro hunokosha mamiriro ezvinhu evanhu vari muchadenga. The Pfungwa yechipiri chokuita womukati kubatana zvose zvatinopiwa nepfungwa wacho yepakutanga. -Makore 23 Pico della Mirandola, mune pfupi, zvishoma kuvhiringidzika Pope Innocent VIII. Chokutanga, zvakavhenganiswa maitiro akaita mudiki anofunga. Chechipiri, paiva nyongano nokuda panzvimbo vakashinga nharo, kujairika uye mashoko matsva kuti akashandisa Pico della Mirandola. "Zviri pamusoro chiremerera munhu" anotaura pfungwa nemunyori nezvemashiripiti muusungwa, rusununguko nechido uye zvimwe dubious zvinhu nenguva. Zvichitevera akapindura, Papa akagadza basa raikosha. Aifanira tarisa "Abstract", iro nezveshoko Pico della Mirandola. Commission akashora anoverengeka zvokudya akaisa mberi anofunga.

kutambudzwa

Muna 1487-M Pico aiva "Apology". basa iri zvakasikwa kukurumidza, izvo zvakazoita kuti chivimbo "zvichemo". Under nokutyisidzirwa kutambudzwa neDare Raibvunzurudza, kuti anofunga kutiza kuFrance. Asi iye akabatwa uye mujeri muna Chateau de Vincennes. Pico akaponeswa kuburikidza kurevererwa mukuru vanoitisana, kusanganisira rinokosha reDare Lorentso Medichi. Kutaura zvazviri, aiva mutongi Florence panguva, apo vasunungurwa mujeri anofunga uye akapedza mamwe mazuva.

Employment pashure kusunga

Muna 1489-M Pico della Mirandola apedza uye akabudisa bhuku "Geptapl" (the nzira nomwe kuti tsananguro mazuva okusika matanhatu). In basa iri anofunga Shandisa nhete HERMENEUTICS. Akadzidza chirevo chakavanzarika, taivshiysya mu bhuku "Genesis". Muna 1492-M Pico della Mirandola akasika basa duku "ari uye yakabatana." Yaiva yoga chikamu purogiramu basa, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuwiriranisa Dzidziso Plato naAristotle, asi akanga asina chinozoiswa kusvikira pakuguma. Kumboona chiedza uye mamwe basa Pico - anovapikira "enhetembo dzidziso". basa rake rokupedzisira aiva "Nhaurirano iri anoprofita nyeredzi." In basa iri iye akapikisa zvokudya zvayo.

Pico della Mirandola: Basic Ideas

Anofunga vaiona zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana dzidziso sezvo chokwadi chete. Akatsigira elaboration ane zvakafanana kwouzivi uye zvechitendero kufungisisa kwenyika, atanga ne Ficino. Zvisinei, kufarira izvi rinoshandurwa anofunga kubva kusango nhoroondo rechitendero muumambo metaphysics. Pico akaedza synthesize chiKristu, Kabbalah uye Averroism. Waakagadzirira uye kuRoma zvavanenge vawana, yaiva 900 abstracts. Ivo kunetseka zvose kuti "kuzvizivawo." Vamwe vavo vakatorwa, vamwe - yake. Zvisinei, vakanga vakaziva sezvo vemanyepo uye Chavanoitirana nharo muRoma haana kutora nzvimbo. Labor, izvo akasika Pico della Mirandola pamusoro chiremera womunhu, akamuita rizivikanwe vakwanise madenderedzwa vakararama panguva yake. Anoti ari Okutanga kuti nhaurirano. Kudivi rimwe, anofunga nokusangana redzidziso kiyi chiNazi vanozviti ndivanachamangwiza panorumwe - kupa zvichemo mhiri rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma (Plato) tsika. Vakanga pedyo personalism uye voluntarism.

Musimboti wacho chinyorwa

Munhu Pico aiva nyika rinokosha zvose zvakasikwa naMwari. Munhu anofunga yakaiswa nechepakati pezvose ariko. Man "makore zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita", akawa kusvika pamwero mhuka, uye kunyange miti. Zvisinei, pamwe munhu uyu anokwanisa kusimuka kuna Mwari uye ngirozi, kuramba akafanana inozviitira - neinym. Pico kunobvira nokuti munhu - a pazvipenyu indeterminate mufananidzo, umo Baba paakapiwa "utachiona pazvisikwa zvose." Pfungwa iri zvichishandurwa pachishandiswa kwakakwana kunzwisisa. It aiita mukupera Middle Ages. anofunga pfungwa kunoratidza chaikosha "Copernican chimurenga" dzechitendero uye tsika hana yakakura chaizvo munyika Christian dzokuMadokero. Kwete ruponeso, anoti okugadzira zvinhu ndiyo zvinoreva upenyu - zvanzi Pico della Mirandola. Uzivi formulates rechitendero uye hwedzidziso yekurarama tsananguro zvose zviripo pfungwa uye rengano kunzwisisa zvomudzimu tsika.

Own "I"

inotungamirwa Its anotsanangura anthropocentrism. Pico della Mirandola unoruramisa rusununguko uye chiremera munhu sezvo mambo nomusiki yake "I". Munhu, kuchipedza zvose anogona kuva chinhu. Man ndiyo nguva dzose nemhaka ravo. Nepo kuramba mukana nesarudzo itsva, haazombofi kugadziriswa hapana chimiro yayo kuvapo munyika. Saka Pico anoti munhu asina akasikwa naMwari nomufananidzo wake. Asi Mwari akapa munhu oga kuita dzavo "I". Nokuda nechepakati nzvimbo yayo, rune napedyo uye simba nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasikwa naMwari. By pokushandisa inokosha ehupfumi zvisikwa izvi, munhu anoita se mwene vakasununguka, zvakazara kuumbwa zvaari. Saka ikakwiridzirwa pamusoro zororo.

njere

Maererano Pico, hazvina chokuita chero mitemo. Uchenjeri runoyerera pachena kubva padzidziso mumwe, kusarudza chimiro unoenderana ezvinhu. zvikoro Various, vanofunga, tsika, asati kungoreva kwakazara uye vaishora, Pico muri interconnected uye vashanduri kuzvimiririra. Vakawana yakadzika sungano. Zvose zvakasikwa zvinoumbwa pamusoro porutivi (yakavigwa kana yakajeka).

cabala

Kufarira mairi yakawedzera panguva Renaissance tichionga Pico. Mukomana muzivi kudzidza chiHebheru. "Zvichemo" ake vakasikwa pahwaro Kabbalah. Pico aishamwaridzana uye akadzidza zvinoverengeka nyanzvi dzechiJudha. Kudzidza Kabbalah, akatanga mumitauro miviri. Wokutanga aiva muJudha, uye wechipiri - Latin (rakashandurwa kuva muJudha kuchiKristu). Munguva Pico chaiyo mutsauko pakati mashiripiti uye Kabbalah haana. The anofunga akashandisa mashoko iwayo kakawanda anoreva zvakafanana. Pico akati kuti dzidziso chiKristu, zvakanaka kuratidza tichibatsirwa Kabbalah nemashiripiti. Scripture, waiva chiratidzo musayendisiti, akatora yekare esoteric akaponesa vaJudha. Pakati ruzivo yaiva pfungwa chiKristu, izvo zvinogona kunzwisisa pakudzidza Kabbalah. In mibvunzo inoshandiswa poslebibleyskie Pico anoshanda, chaisanganisira Midrash, Talmud, basa vazivi, pfungwa uye vaJudha vanodudzira Bhaibheri.

Dzidziso Kabbalists Christian

Kwavari waiva kuwanikwa pamberi siyana mazita Mwari uye zvisikwa akararama mudenga. Transmutation arufabheti vaJudha zvenhamba nzira zvazova chinhu chinokosha cognition. Aongorora pfungwa mutauro naMwari, vateveri dzidziso vaidavira kuti mataurirwo emashoko zita Wokumusorosoro anogona kukanganisa chokwadi. Izvi zvakaita kuti zvinotendwa vamiririri Renaissance chikoro kuti mashiripiti mabasa sezvo mukuru simba pazvakasikwa zvose. Pakupedzisira, zvose zvakanga zvakajairika muchiJudha, aiva kiyi iri Maonero wevaya vaiomerera echiKristu Kabbalah. Izviwo, akanga zvakabatana imwe tsanangudzo, kwevanhu zvinobva zvinyorwa dzechiJudha.

Hermetic pfungwa

Zvinonzi zvakare zvichishandurwa somuKristu. Panguva iyoyowo zvakasimba Pico ane hermeticism Ficino. Pfungwa iyi akatsanangura rokuponesa chiedza achiunganidza nezvimedu hunomirirwa chokwadi. With ruzivo urwu zvinopindura somunhu ndangariro. Hermeticism akataura 8 madenderedzwa (Arcana) dzokukwira. Kuvimba Gnostic uye rengano kududzirwa matangiro womunhu, pfungwa rinotsanangura dzinokosha unyanzvi naMwari wacho. Dzinoita kuti pave Implementation pakati zvionera maitiro kuyeuka rumuko. Panguva iyoyowo iye hermeticism wachinja pasi pokudzora chiKristu. Pfungwa ruponeso kuburikidza pachake ruzivo yave yatsiviwa pfungwa rimwe gumbo, kuipa wacho, mashoko akanaka rekuregererwa, kutendeuka, ngoni dzaMwari.

"Geptaplus"

In basa iri anofunga ndaishandisa Kabbalistic zvishandiso kuti kududzirwa mashoko. Basa zvinoreva kuwirirana yevanhu pakutanga, moto uye ungwaru. Zviri inenge mitatu dzimwe nyika hombe uye diki - kubva macrocosm uye Microcosm. Wokutanga rine naMwari kana ngirozi pfungwa, kunobva uchenjeri, kubva zuva, iyo inomirira rudo, uyewo kubva kudenga, vari kukwanisa kwake sezvo kutanga upenyu uye sangano. Human basa Akatsunga saizvozvo pfungwa, nhengo dzakavandika, mwoyo, izvo kupa rudo, pfungwa, kuenderera mberi noupenyu uye hunhu. Pico haangonzwiri kushandisa Kabbalistic Ezvemutauro mu achisimbisa chokwadi chechiKristu. Chinosanganisira ichangoburwa ari nhamba macro- uye Microcosm, izvo rinotsanagurwa Renaissance nzira.

maererano

Chokwadi, Kabbalah vanofurirwa zvakasimba paumbwe Renaissance pfungwa macro- uye Microcosm. Izvi zvinooneka kwete chete nemabasa Pico della Mirandola. Zvadaro, simba iri Kabbalah rinopembererwa nemabasa Paracelsus uye Agripa Nostesgeymskogo. Harmony guru uye nyika duku zvinogoneka chete chinoshingaira kusakarongeka pakati murume uye Mwari. In kunzwisisa mukati Kabbalistic pfungwa akadudzira pfungwa kubvumirana, vanofanira kuteerera chokwadi kuti nokuti Renaissance somunhu nyaya cognition waitsigira murume ave Microcosm. Aiva mukuwirirana yose viscera uye dzomuviri, ropa, uropi, maoko nemakumbo, dumbu, uye zvichingodaro. In Ages theocentric tsika haana kukwana hune zvakakwana Conceptual midziyo kududzira mupenyu, pamuviri munotenderana-siyana kuroorwa.

mhedziso

Zvakajeka kududzirwa mvumo yacho macro- uye Microcosm inowanikwa waZohari. It harina kwenyika uye vokudenga zvakunowedzera zvakajeka tsitsi kunzwisisa yepasi pose kubatana. Zvisinei, ukama Renaissance theosophical Dzidziso uye mifananidzo waZohari haagoni kunzi akasiyana. Mirandola aigona kuongorora chete zvimwe zvishomanana dzidziso rave Akave nokuvandudza uye rewritten muzana remakore rechi13 uye vakapararira kumativi makore 1270-1300. The rakabudiswa shanduro iyi kwaiva pamusana seboka yokutsvakurudza seti nevafungi kwemazana emakore akawanda. Kufambiswa naZohari zvishomanana zvakasiyana zvakajeka pantheistic, theocentric uye vanofara hunhu. Ivo zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa uye tsika yechiJudha zvose pamusoro vaiva asatenderwe muuzivi Mirandola. Zvinofanira akati kuti mu "zvichemo" ake anofunga akapa chaizvo ukoshi Kabbalah. Mirandola akaedza kuumba Jewish syncretism vechiKristu vachishandisa zvinyorwa Zoroastrism, orphism, pifagorizma, Aristotelism Averroes navaKaradhea maonero. Anofunga akataura pamusoro comparability ari multiplicity, iyo coherence of Gnostic nedzidziso mashiripiti kubva pfungwa yechiKristu kuti mabasa wokuCusa uye Aristotle.