Icon "The Kumuka Kristu": rondedzero, ukoshi, Photo

The chikuru tenet kwokutenda kwechiKristu kumutswa kwaKristu Muponesi pazuva rechitatu pashure pokufa pamuchinjikwa. Isita Zororo riri kuonekwa kupemberera nechepakati minamato gore negore denderedzwa. Invariable chokufunga chero chiitiko, zvikarumbidza Church, zviri wakajeka mufananidzo kwayo. With nesimba kudhindwa indasitiri, icon "Kumuka Kristu" munguva yedu ndeimwe yakajairika. Zvisinei, pakuonekwa zvino nevakawanda mufananidzo aishamwaridzana kare kare hymnography uye ndizvo zvinhu uye kuti veChechi. Kunzwisisa paumbwe yakanaka nyaya haisi chete saturation pakati murwiyo akawanda nenhamba, asiwo chokwadi kuti rondedzero chacho hapana vaevhangeri. Siyana uye havagoni kuva: vadzidzi-vaapostora vakanga varipo, uye chishamiso chaizvo haanzwisisiki kuti pfungwa dzevanhu. Mufananidzo Yorumuko anonzi neizobrazimym, saka kupenda kuratidza zviitiko chokuita zvakananga nayo. Pachinzvimbo chevatatu yokunamata Ioanna Zlatousta ane mashoko aya: "muguva nyama, kugehena nomweya sezvo Mwari, muparadhiso pamwe mbavha." Text kusvika pamwero rinotsanangura zviitiko zvinotungamirira rumuko. Vakasiya pavaida uye zvinyorwa dzeapokirifa.

The mifananidzo yokutanga

Wakajeka mifananidzo matatu okutanga emakore akanga ndeyokufananidzira uye kwokufananidzira. On the nascent Church nounyanzvi rupawo zvavakatemerwa kutambudzwa kwakanyanya kunoitwa kuvahedheni. In ezvinhu aya, temberi raifanira nokungwarira kurindwa kubva nyangadzi yokuparadza. The chinokosha kuChechi yechiKristu yakanga anomirirwa muchimiro Old Testament mhando. Rakajairika raiva mufananidzo muprofita Jona ari mudumbu Revhiatani. Jona sezvaakaita mazuva matatu ari shato huru ramai, uye ipapo yakakandirwa muchiedza, uye Kristu aiva mazuva matatu ari muguva, uye akamutswa. Chiitiko ichi rinopembererwa muna Easter nziyo.

iconographic marudzi

The nguva kumuka nyama hazvibviri kumiririra nokuti pfungwa dzevanhu hadzigoni kunyange hunonzi, iyi ndiyo, zvikuru kuratidza nayo zvakajeka. In iconography Christian, pane vashomanana storylines, no kuti vakatendeka ukuru chiitiko. Mufananidzo chaiwo chechi kwakabva zita haisi icon "Kumuka" uye "anoburukira Kristu Muponesi muhero." Tsika dzokuMadokero akauyisa maviri minamato mashandisirwo zvikuru kuziva yakajeka nevakariri murume ari mumugwagwa ikozvino mufananidzo wakanaka: "Kristu wamuka kubva muguva," uye "Chiitiko of amuka Muponesi Mura-vatakuri." Pane kusiyana vawane dingindira ichi Somuenzaniso, icon "Kumuka dzemazororo."

rakasiyana chokwadi

chiito ose muchechi inofanira mvumo ne bumbiro uye dogmatically mhosva. dzidziso vafundisi vechechi Modern rinofananidzwa ne nenjiva, iro rine simba dzokurwa kudzivirirwa. Izvi yakatanga carapace pamusoro dzakatsveyama zhinji uye dzidziso dzenhema kwemazana emakore. Kunyatsoteerera yaidzorwa uye mabasa mumunda ounyanzvi. Icon Kurohwa ose bhurasho anofanira kururamiswa. Asi icon "Kumuka" hunobva kunyatsoti dzakafuridzirwa zvinopa mashoko. Kureva, ari kupi muMagwaro V remakore, anonzi Evhangeri yaNikodhimo, vakaramba pfungwa akafuridzirwa Church.

Icon "The Kumuka Kristu." ukoshi

Pictorial mufananidzo anotiudza pamusoro guru uye hazvinzwisisiki zviitiko. Zviri zvichida Evhangeri yaNikodhimo ndiyo chete ekare zvinyorwa, inotiudza zvakaitika Kristu kubva panguva aizovigwa uchanja pamberi kumukirawo. In ichi pane dzeapokirifa nhaurirano chinorondedzerwa zvakadzama pakati nadhiabhorosi uye gehena, uye hunotevedzana kuti chiitiko. Hero, ari kutarisira yakawondomoka, anorayira yetsvina zvakasimba "rakakiyiwa masuwo endarira, simbi, uye kupatira." Asi Mambo Heaven kusuruvara gedhi, runokusunganidzai Satani anomupandukira kuti simba kugehena, kukurayira chengeta naye nengetani kusvikira kwepiri. Shure kwaizvozvo, Kristu zvinoda zvose akarurama vanomutevera. Pashure pemazana emakore dogmatist akapfeka noncanonical zvinyorwa mune vakirisito dzidziso. Musiki haisi nokuyerwa nguva inokosha kwaari umwe murume akararama kare kuparidza Kristu, vomunguva yake uye isu vapenyu. Muponesi wakaburuka mugehena, akabudisa kugehena vose vaya saka vanoda. Asi kurarama ikozvino kusarudza kuti iwe. Icon chinoratidza omnipotence Musiki, kusunungura vakatapwa kwegehena. Uye nokufamba kwenguva, agozviratidza kuti mutongo uye pakupedzisira kuona chirango zvakaipa uye mubayiro kusingaperi avakarurama.

Serbian tuore

In varume wemamonk Mileseva (Serbia) ndiwo ane temberi yekare ari kubvuma zviri XIII remakore. Mumwe zvifananidzo romuMiddle Ensemble pakati seinäkartta kupenda chiri mufananidzo "Kumuka Kristu". On the seinäkartta zvinoratidzira mutumwa nguvo dzinopenya, izvo rinoenderana tsananguro zviitiko izvi, kuti Evangelista Matfeya. mutumwa wokudenga akagara rakungurutswa kubva pamukova mubako ibwe. Around uchanja akarara kuvigwa Chifukidziro Muponesi. Next kuti ngirozi akaisa mukadzi uya mubhokisi izere norugare. recension ichi Orthodox kamufananidzo anokosha kupararira haina kugamuchira, asi Western musoro kupenda nokuzvidira anoshandisa. Zvinofadza, muchiitiko ichi, chiitiko anoratidzwa pasina yayo huru mukwikwidzi -Hrista.

Ancient dzakafuridzirwa mufananidzo

Muna 1081 chechi yakavakirwa kumucheto Constantinople. Panzvimbo yayo nzvimbo yava vakagamuchira zita raKristu Muponesi Cathedral iri Fields. MuchiGiriki, "muminda" - ἐν τῃ Χώρᾳ (en yeWatchtower korasi). Saka, chechi uye wemamongi yakavakwa pashure uye kusvikira nhasi anonzi "Chora". Pakutanga ari XVI remakore, mutsva wezvidimbu kufukidza menyika yakarongwa mukereke. Pakati hwakawanda huripo - icon "Kumutswa Kristu, dzinza muGehena". Murwiyo zvinoratidzira Muponesi vakamira pamasuo gehena kubvaruka. Kristu akapoteredzwa omuarumondi serin'i denderedzwa rechiedza. Iye akabata maoko richisimuka kubva makuva Adhamu naEvha. Zvinokonzera kumadziteteguru wevanhu vakarurama yekare. recension Izvi zvinonyanya akatekeshera ari iconography.

Sezvinoratidzwa muna icon?

The mufananidzo unomirira dzidziso Church, anotaurwa akanaka chimiro. Maererano nedzidziso dzechechi, paradhiso akarurama rave akavharwa kusvikira rufu pamuchinjikwa Muponesi uye nokumuka kwake chinobwinya. Icon sezvamunoita zvinosanganisira yakakurumbira mifananidzo vatsvene pamberi Kristu nguva vanhu. Muponesi anomira pamasuo gehena ukapisa murwi crosswise. pamusoro pavo dzimwe nguva wairatidza zvokushandisa uye zvikaramba nezvipikiri. Adhamu naEvha, somunhu mutemo, dziri nedivi Kristu. Behind matriarchs vari Abel, Mosesi naAroni. Akaenda Adhamu Ioanna Krestitelya, Kings David naSoromoni. The inofananidza Adhamu naEvha rinogona riri kudivi rimwe Kristu. Pazasi murwiyo zvinogona kuratidzwa nengirozi guva mwoyo mweya yakaipa.

Icon "The Kumuka Kristu." tsananguro

Chifananidzo kuva mavambo Western, harisi chezita sezvamunoita, uye uprofita hwezvaizoitika Mapping eevangelical zviitiko. Kazhinji vanoratidzwa pachena bako-guva, ngirozi rinogara pabwe uye riri pedyo sarcophagus panzvimbo dzapasi chikamu Zvinoumba wawira Masoja eRoma uye, chokwadi, Kristu vakapfeka nguo pamwe chiratidzo kukunda rufu mumaoko ake. Mireza akaisa pamuchinjikwa dzvuku. Maoko nemakumbo anomiririrwa Maronda kubva sezvipikiri kupinda nyama pamukova kuroverwa. Kunyange zvazvo icon "Kumuka" uye riri kubatwa XVII remakore Catholic muiti wechokwadi tsika, asi akapfeka Orthodox dzakafuridzirwa siyana, zviri zvikuru akakurumbira pakati vakatendeka. No edzidziso dudziro nayo haatarisiri.

mazororo mazororo

Holy Resurrection Church bumbiro anonzi kwete zororo, asi mhemberero chaiyo, iyo rumbidzo mberi kwemazuva makumi mana. Uyezve, kupembererwa chaiwo Easter Rinotora mazuva manomwe sezvo zuva rimwe. Izvi mafungiro kutobaya vatendi kuti yokupanduka paguva Muponesi rwaioneka dzechitendero unyanzvi. Original mutsetse okukura romubati tsika ndiyo icon "Kumutswa Kristu, dzinza muGehena aine mabiko makuru." mufananidzo uyu rine mufananidzo pakati chikuru zviitiko muupenyu yechechi, uye pamusoro mukomberedzo iri nyaya inoratidza gumi kukosha mazororo chokuita hwepasi upenyu hwaKristu uye Mhandara. Pakati dzinoyera izvi pane zvikuru nemamwe maBhaibheri. Also vanoratidzwa nezviitiko Week Holy. Kushanda icon "Kumuka Kristu pamwe pamitambo vaneGumi Great" - mumwe ezviitiko Gospel uye wegore kutenderera mabasa. Panguva chiitiko mifananidzo anoburukira mugehena anoratidzwa ne zvakawanda. The sezvamunoita zvinosanganisira akarurama mufananidzo, tambo iyo Kristu anounza kubva mugehena.

Icon pamusoro lectern

Pakati temberi ari nechigadziko ane puranga vachida, yainzi lectern. Zvinonzi vakatenda mufananidzo musande kana zororo, iro Rakakwanira basa zuva. Icon "Kumuka" pamusoro lectern kazhinji: mazuva makumi mana Isita uye pakupedzisira nevhiki. Pashure pezvose, zita zuva rinobva kwechiKristu, rokupedzisira wevhiki wakayeriswa kuti mbiri rwaKristu kukunda pamusoro porufu.

Dzepamusorosoro netemberi mukukudza Yorumuko

Chimwe chikuru machechi Russian ndiye Mutsvene Resurrection Cathedral of New Jerusalem wemamonk, yakavakwa muna 1694. With pakuvaka ichi , Patriarch Nikon aida bereka Chechi Yorumuko ari Mutsvene City uye kusimbisa chikuru nzvimbo yeRussian Church mu cheOrthodox. Kuti izvi zvidaro, Moscow nepurani yakadhirowewa papepa uye muenzaniso Jerusalem yokunamatira vakatorwa. Mumwe, kunyange zvishoma chinzvimbo, asi kwete muduku monumentality ari muChechi Muponesi pamusoro kupirisa ropa muSt Petersburg.

Construction chakatangwa muna 1883 pakuyeuka chigaro Emperor Alexander II. Yokusiyana Church ichi pakuti womukati kushongedzwa chakagadzirwa mubatanidzwa wezvidimbu. WaMosesi muunganidzwa - mumwe pakukura Europe. It rakasiyana nemamwe unhu maitiro. On mazuva inopenya kuine, Iridescent siyana usina kukonekita pave nemamwe manzwiro kupemberera uye kupindurawo munyika yomudzimu. In temberi pane mufananidzo chikuru runako. Kunze, rimwe suo portal, uyewo dzimba icon "Kumuka Kristu". Photos, Chokwadi, havagoni kutaura kuzara nezvekufadza, asi pave mufananidzo wakakwana kwokubwinya kwoumambo kushongedzwa.