Interdisciplinary tsvakurudza uye kugadzirwa yakaoma. Interbranch kunzwisisa - zviri ...

Interbranch Complex - rinokosha kusangana mamiriro. In yechinangwa kubata akasiyana maindasitiri sectors, marudzi mabasa. Vari nezvezvaiitwawo kuita chero basa iri issuance nokuparadzirwa zvigadzirwa. Next, kunyatsotarisisa, ndedzipi muchinjikwa-indasitiri zvivako.

tsananguro

Interdisciplinary kunzwisisa - chivakwa kuti inogona kuumbwa mukati chete maindasitiri chidimbu. Iyewo, anomira panze maererano mukuru weboka basa. Saka, mukati indasitiri, pane muchina-building, mafuta uye simba, metallurgia uye zvimwe muchinjikwa sectoral maindasitiri zvivako.

The zvikamu pakukura

The nyika ine zvakasiyana siyana muchinjikwa-indasitiri zvivako. Zvisinei, nokuda kwavo ndiye chikuru. Izvi zvinosanganisira, zvikurukuru, zvinosanganisira:

• FEC.
• APK.
• Complex maindasitiri nokuti kugadzirwa nemakemikari uye zvinhu zviri kuvakwa.
• Zvokuimba ouinjiniya.
• Military-maindasitiri kunzwisisa.

tsanangudzo pfupi zvikuru kukosha sectors

Energy interdisciplinary kunzwisisa kunosanganisira Integrated hurongwa shale, peat, marasha, mafuta uye gasi maindasitiri, kupisa uye Magetsi sectors, nokuti kugadzirwa simba uye dzimwe mhando michina. Vanobvumirana chinangwa zvakajairika, kuti zvinodiwa huni, magetsi, kupisa. Agriculture interdisciplinary kunzwisisa zvinosanganisira siyana kwavo kukoshesa sectors. Zvikurukuru, rinoreva zvokudya indasitiri, michina nokuti, nyaya chirimwa unodzivirira zvigadzirwa, fetiraiza, wemhuka zvinodhaka. Rinewo maindasitiri akadai zvokurima, kuvaka, maindasitiri zvivako, kusanganisira mvura zvakanaka uye nyika reclamation, pamwe / x-michina. The chikuru Chinangwa AIC inoshanda kwezvokudya munyika.

kupatsanura

Inter-indasitiri yezvokutengeserana zvivako zviri conditionally rakamuka-kamuka dzichipfekeka uye chipfuro. yokupedzisira inobva Kusarudza nzira yokuita paumbwe rokupedzisira chigadzirwa. Ndizvo zvinokosha nokuda voga ravo rinozvibereka musimboti. chikamu ichi chipfuro zvikamu zvinosanganisira engineering, mafuta simba, agribusiness. Kunosanganisirawo chokufambisa uye chicherwa zviwanikwa interbranch zvivako. Kupatsanurwa dzichipfekeka sectors rinoitwa maererano nheyo specialization neimwe basa. chikamu ichi zvinosanganisira kwesayenzi uye zvekushandisa, mari uye kwezvivako zvivako. Ngationgororei muchinjikwa-indasitiri zvivako weRussia.

inivhesitimendi dhipatimendi

Izvi interdisciplinary kunzwisisa inoumbwa pagadzirwe, kuvakwa zvokuvakisa, injiniya. Chinangwa kwemauto iyi pakatanga kupinda kushanda zvine chokuita wakaiswa zvinhu. Izvi yakaoma Inter-indasitiri munyaya retooling, kuwedzera uye kuwedzera simba revarombo. Mukati kwayo framework zviri ichivakwa zvinhu.

Interdisciplinary nesayenzi kunzwisisa

It kuizwi sectors maviri. Zvikurukuru, yaro chipo Zvinoumba sayenzi uye basa rikurumidze pacharo, kuvapa goho. chimiro ichi rakagadzirirwa kubatsira kuwedzera kumhanya utsanzi uye kukura zvinobudirira Implementation uchidzidzira. Izvi interdisciplinary kunzwisisa rinosanganisira kutsvakurudza Kudya, masangano zvigadzirwa, magadzirirwo mahofisi uye dzimwe emisasa dzidziso.

simba

Ichi interdisciplinary kunzwisisa chinhu chisinganzwisisiki dzokubudisa uye simba rudzi uye mafuta gadziriro, zvokufambisa dzavo, kuparadzirwa uye rakawanda. Energy kukura ane kukanganisa kuri kuitwa, hwokugadzira uye zvoupfumi zviratidzo uye indasitiri emuchina. In nzira iyi simba uye mafuta manyuko zvarinomirira somumwe kiyi zvinodiwa kuti miganhu sangano okuwana. Zvisinei, pamwe upfumi nzvimbo aripo pekugara zvaparadzwa kupfuma. Major simba vatengi rwugare European kwenyika, pamwe vanenge 80% kubva Geological Matura pfungwa mudunhu rokumabvazuva. Yokufambisa kubatsira kuwedzera mugumo chigadzirwa mutengo. Energy rayonoobrazuyuschuyu anoita basa. In yepakarepo pedyo anopa simba dzakabudirira kwezvivako. It anofarira kukura indasitiri, dzidzo uye nenzvimbo mumaguta uye yakapoteredza misha. Zvisinei, mugove mafuta uye simba kwemauto Nhoroondo inenge 90% of girinihausi gasi choutsi, hafu yaipedzerwa mhepo kusvibiswa zvinokuvadza uye 1/3, akadira mvura. Zvose izvi, Chokwadi, haagoni aionekwa kunobatsirawo.

simbi

In muchinjikwa-indasitiri dzakaoma sectors ichi vanobatanidzwa, mune gadziriro iyo kugadzirwa simbi dzakasiyana-siyana. About 90% wavo - ferrous (simbi uye alloys zvine anoritsanangura). Vhoriyamu vasiri ferrous simbi zvakawanda munyaya iyi, makambani anobatanidzwa mukurima kwavo uye kubudiswa zviri zvikuru nokuti zvikamu anopiwa mune National upfumi kuvandudzika p. Russia ndiyo imwe vaitungamirira nyika kukura ores simbi simbi. chidimbu ichi inoshandisa vashandi vanenge 1,3 miriyoni nekutsvaga 1/8 ose kugadzirwa zvivako.

Chemical uye dondo indasitiri

Zviri kunzwisisa rwokugadzira mushandirapamwe akaidza. Muchiitiko chino, kemikari zvirimwa mune zvekutepfenyura ichi vari kunyanya kukosha. basa ravo kunorondedzerwa nokushandisa kwakapararira chezvinhu ivo kubereka. Chemical indasitiri inozivikanwa zvikuru upfumi hwaro. Zvinosanganisira:

• Industrial tsvina.
• Air.
• Water.
• Wood.
• Zvicherwa uye zvichingodaro.

Huru mbishi zvinhu ndiwo zvigadzirwa mafuta chete, marasha coking - zvikuru vakagadzirira zvinhu.

ouinjiniya

kunzwisisa uku haisi kunyanya dzidziso pamusoro mumhuri vatengi. Vazhinji zvigadzirwa iyo anogadzirwa mudunhu rokumabvazuva, ari aivigirwa kuEuropean munharaunda weRussia. Zvinodiwa East ari Far uye kuSiberia muna midziyo uye michina kubudikidza 70-90% kuitwa akasangana nevanhu zvokuyamura kubva dzokumadokero nharaunda uye kupinzwa. Achiisa emakambani mubasa injiniya indasitiri, izvozvo zvinoenderana yezvakaita chigadzirwa: mukanyiwa mishonga, kufara Nomenclature, ndeyokuti kugadzirwa rimwe chete, maindasitiri, mukuru maindasitiri mafomu. Musi kunyatsoshanda nokuparadzirwa kukanganiswa zvinoverengeka:

• The Vhoriyamu basa simba.
• Specialization, mubatanidzwa, pamwe, yevasungwa okuwana.
• The napedyo kuti feedstock zvinyorwa.
• Scientific uye kwesayenzi kukura.
• Bhuku mabasa chokufambisa uye mari pamusoro pavo.

munitions indasitiri

Izvi seti rinosanganisira muzvizhinji yomuedzo, yokutsvakurudza masangano uye masangano, uyewo makambani mubasa kusunungurwa kuMudzidzisi zvigadzirwa. mukuru basa ravo nechinangwa kuvandudza, nhaka, gadzira, idzidziso vakagamuchira chaidzo uye uto midziyo, zvombo uye zvimwe zvinhu. zvigadzirwa zvose izvi zviri kuitirwa kuti ekisipoti kana kushandiswa munyika simba Zvivako ehurumende. Sezvo masangano uye vatengi nemasangano vanogona kuita kubudikidza vamiririri Bazi Defence nemamwe masangano uye miviri. nyaya idzi sei chisarudzo pamusoro pakagadzwa zvimwe zvombo zvehondo, kuisa zvinodiwa Specification, makwikwi pakati zvinogona vanopara, mashoko yakataurwa upgrading zvirongwa. Sezvo January 2008, zvokuvakisa zvose maererano Mutongo Military-Industrial Commission, kunze kuburikidza Federal Agency kuti nerubatsiro zvaioneka yesangano, inokosha uye uto midziyo uye nezvombo.