Josef Kramer - "chikara belzensky." Biography, basa misasa uye mapikicha

Munyaya ino, tichakurukura kuti, vane maoko vakauraya zviuru chero vanhu vasina mhosva pamberi uye panguva Second World War. Uyu Josef Kramer, ari commandant pamusoro musasa wevasungwa Bergen-Belsen, apo vasungwa kwayo kuvava pakunzi "belzensky mhuka." Uyezve, akanga aine mhosva rufu dzakawanda, zvichida kunyange mazana ezviuru zvevanhu.

Biography Cramer

Joseph akaberekwa musi November 10, 1906 pedyo Munich, Bavaria, neWeimar Republic. Nechekare muna 1931, apo mukomana ane makore 25 okuberekwa, Kramer anopinda NSDAP (Nazi Party). Purebred German, muna 1932 iye apinda kunyange kuhondo SS, uye ipapo unoshanda wavarindi mujeri, uye ipapo, kana Second World War, akava gadhijeri uye mutungamiri nedzimwe yevasungwa.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mukomana akakurira pamusoro nevatambi vorudzi, saka, pfungwa, mune mamwe mashoko raisagona kuva maererano ukama hwayo kuvanhu. Uye kunyange pasina dzidzo chaiyo, Josef Kramer vakashanda yaHitler Secret Service. Kwemakore 11 akaita kwakajeka basa, kutsiva vazhinji yevasungwa:

• 1934 - Dachau;
• 1934-1936 - Esterwegen;
• 1936-1937 - Dachau;
• 1937-1939 - Mauthausen;
• 1940 - Auschwitz;
• 1940-1944 - Natzweiler-Struthof;
• 1944 - Auschwitz;
• 1944-1945 - Bergen-Belsen.

Rakanga riri musasa wevasungwa Bergen-Belsen, iyo yaiva vemazuva Saxony, Kramer uye wandei dhazeni kwake "nevamwe" kunge akasunga 21-Army Group of chingashamwaridzana mauto Britain uye Canada. "Belzenskomu chikara" yave mhosva hondo mhosva, iro British muchiuto dare akamutongera rufu. Process wakaitwa musi 17 November 1945. Kramer akasungirirwa pakati December 1945 muna Hamelin mujeri.

Josef Kramer: kuwedzera "basa" manera

Kramer kubudirira mukuru kubudirira nokuuya Hondo Yenyika II. Yaiva utsinye, tsunga, akangwara uye kwoutsinye mutariri asina kuramba munhu. Hitler muuto rake guru vaida vashandi chete kwakadaro. Iye pachake akakurudzira anoita Kramer uye akaedza zvaaigona kuti nditende wechidiki mutariri basa rokutendeka. Izvi zvakaitika zvinoshamisa kakawanda, nokuti anenge mazuva ose Hitler yakashuma pamusoro "hasha" basa Cramer. Joseph Zvichakadaro akanga asingatyi kwete kuverenga mauto, haana kutya kuuraya munhu netsaona kushayisa kuvaJudha upenyu kwaari kwakanga kwakafanana anokurova imwe yemarudzi.

In neimwe matanhatu yevasungwa, kwaakanga akashanyira, Josef Kramer akaita avasakadza. Imhaka utsinye ake uye akamuka mumwe nokuwedzera pashure perimwe. Chokutanga muSachsenhausen uye Mauthausen, uye gare gare kuna kuAuschwitz.

KuAuschwitz haizopereri kutapurirana kuna kuBergen-Belsen

Muna 1940, Kramer kune wevasungwa uye rufu musasa Auschwitz-Birkenau. iye Rinenge gore mubheka pasi mutariri Rudolfa Gessa - yomunharaunda commandant. Nokukurumidza Josefa pachake akatora yakafanana chinzvimbo muna Notsveyler-Shtrutgof. kuwedzera Izvi zvakaita kunyanya utsinye, sezvo iye akanzwa kusimba. Nepo ake vanhu vanenge 80 vakaurayiwa. Uye kwete kuurayiwa, uye utsinye. Zvichida, nhamba iyi yepamusoro zvikuru. Josef Kramer ( "mhuka belzensky") ari munhu aitarisira zvose gasi kumakamuri rufu uye kurwadziswa makamuri. Kuti vanoseka vanhu yakanga chaanodisisa dandadzo.

Pashure kuchinjwa kuna kuBergen-Belsen Kramer akarayira kwete chete vasungwa asiwo varindi. On the akachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa kuti mapikicha kazhinji kuona Josefa pedyo mudiki tsvukuruka. This Irma Greze, iyo panguva basa mumusasa wevasungwa waiva nemakore 20 chete okuberekwa. Iye ndiye ane vakawanda enganonyorwa vane varindi yevasungwa, kusanganisira kuti iye Kramer. Zvakaoma nevamwe, asi musikana zvimwe musina zvishoma dzoutsinye pane "belzensky mhuka." Zvichida ndokusaka vakabvuma? Women vasungwa amudana "ngirozi rufu", iye aigona kupedza maawa vasikana kwokunyepedzera, vachidzvinyirira zvose mumuviri nomutsika.

pahunhu hwake

Kramer Yozef (Commandant of wevasungwa) kudaro azadzwa pfungwa urudzi uye kuvenga mamwe marudzi kuti akanga nyore kushanda vasungwa chaizvo. Raiva simba, utsinye uye utsinye munhu chinyararire, pasina batting chinhu fungiro, aigona kuramba upenyu mwana, mukadzi ane pamuviri kana mutana mudzimai, tisingatauri varume. Akanga ane incredible zvokungofungidzira uye nyore wekuvamba peri yakagozha nzira dzokutambudza. Uye akanga inotonhora uye wokusatya muvengi, kuti kunyarara akakwazisa batana mauto pakati pamakomo zvitunha vasungwa.

Kusunga Kramer nemamwe nevatungamiri

Muna 1945, ivo Anglo-Canadian kubatana rinosvika wevasungwa Bergen-Belsen. Sezvo zvichinzi apa, Josef Kramer (yaifananidzira pazasi) akasangana "vaenzi", apo vamwe vakapararira. Zvadaro vakasunga 44 wadheni. Muna November, pamusoro pavo hwatinopiwa kururamisira, uye December 13, vakawanda vasungwa risungirirwe mutirongo masero Hamelin. Asi kwaiva nevamwe vakuru avo chete vaviri makore ari mujeri, vakashumira nguva, uye ipapo mweya yakanyarara vakabuda dzesango.

Josef Kramer: Blog

Vanhu vakawanda vanoedza kuwana munhu zvinyorwa "belzenskogo chikara." Zvisinei, kuvapo dhayari hakuna ruzivo. Kazhinji, zvinyorwa zvakanga zvakawanda vakuru, vatungamiri uye vamwe "vashandi" ari yevasungwa, dzakadai namesake Kramer - Josef Mengele. Aiva chiremba paAuschwitz, aiva nomukurumbira nokuti kuitiswa kwakaita vasungwa. Asi Kramer, pachena, haana kuda kusiya inonzi uchapupu hwavo zvoutsinye mabasa.