Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari - kare, zvinhu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari rakavakwa vatengesi Russian anenge makore 130 akapfuura. Pamberi pokuchinja, fekitari bikes dzainzi "Russian", akatenga uto dhipatimendi nokuda kwehondo, uye boka wekutaura michina yemhando yepamusoro, aiming ipfuure dzomuzana European kuti akabudirira kazhinji. Munguva Soviet, Kurota cyclists zvose vane bhasikoro muchiso "Ukraine". Nhasi chirimwa unobereka ano bikes womuenzaniso.

Riga innovator

Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari zvinobva nguva Tsarist Russia. Muna 1889, kuRussia mushambadzi A. A. Leytner akazarura fekitari duku pagadzirwe itsva, nokukurumidza akava mufashoni michina iri Riga - bhasikoro. Pakutanga, tsvimbo chaiva vashandi vatatu chete uye muridzi pachake, anovhurira bikes "dandemutande" mhando. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kurimwa kwakasimbiswa. Leitner kwakaita munorumbidzirweiko iri yokuti ave entrepreneur wechokwadi, akatsvaka kupa mutengi nezvakanakisisa zvinhu uye aiziva zvakawanda nezvazvo.

Alexander Leitner aiva murume ane unhu zvikuru entrepreneur uye ruzivo magadzirirwo injiniya. Sezvo nhengo Board of Riga kuchovha vemunharaunda, akashanyira kuratidzira munyika dzakasiyana munyika uye kutevera novelties ari bhasikoro pamusika. Fashion kuwedzera kuti itsva mhando pakufamba: kutsiva yainetsa "dandemutande" rakasvika muenzaniso mhando "Safed". Kwenguva refu, zvigadzirwa anoparadzirwa chete mune enyika shoma, yakabatana kugadzirwa, izvo kare aiva nezita rayo - "Russian".

Muna 1896, kuti fekitari anotora chikamu All-Russian Exhibition kwakaitika Nizhny Novgorod. Mira pamwe Leitner zvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira gumi yemashoko mabhasikoro, aiva maungira kubudirira. Panguva iyi, kurimwa yave akasunungura 15 mazita okuremekedza mugwagwa uye Mujaho bikes. Mr. Leitner akagamuchira menduru panguva pashoo, yaiva chiratidzo kukudzwa, uye akabatsira kuunza zvigadzirwa kuti senyika.

uto hurongwa

Pakazosvika mangwanani remakore rechi20 fekitari "Russia" zvamatonga Vakadzi, varume, mugwagwa, marori, vana, tandem mabhasikoro. The Range yose ine dzinopfuura 20 yokutevedzera. Pricing Gwaro akanga democratic nokuti yakachipa pashiri bhasikoro arasikirwe 130 rubles, multi-chigaro mienzaniso vakanga inofungidzirwa kuva yaikosha kumativi 450 rubles. Leitner pachake akatanga zvakagadzirwa zviri seri ruoko magadzirirwo patented nokugadzirwa, iyo yave aibudirira, ichipa mabhasikoro mudzimba mukuru yemakwikwi zvakwakanakira mumusika pose.

Military dhipatimendi Tsarist Russia inonyatsoziva novelties, uye muna 1913 fekitari ambopiwa kuti pave 1 zviuru varume mugwagwa bhasikoro. mirayiridzo yakadaro vakarera ari kureva boka kusvika kumusoro padanho, izvo chokwadi zvakakanganisa chitsama akasara zvirevo fekitari. Chekambani turnover wepagore zvasvika 400 zviuru rubles, akati goho mufananidzo 8000 inokwana zviyero pagore.

Kubva Riga kuna Kharkov

Muna 1915, mutsetse pamberi vakapfuura pedyo Riga, waitoda kubvisa akaitwa nzira dzinokosha kukosha. July 24, 1915, zvose kugadzirwa zvivako zvaiendeswa Kharkov, ari kwakavakirwa aimbova fekitari Gelferiks Sad. Panguva nzvimbo itsva muna 1916, boka akatanga kubudisa muchiuto shangu bhasikoro "nashe hondo." Maererano kambani akanga chibvumirano kuti anotakura nemauto dhipatimendi 3000 bhasikoro zvechiuto.

Kusvikira November 1917 fekitari Leitner akatuma kumberi 3,600 muhondo yokutevedzera. Munhoroondo yose kuvapo dzaFord yakabereka zvinopfuura 100,000 mabhasikoro, yakatanga zvinopfuura 60 yokutevedzera. The yesangano raJehovha pre-echimurenga nhoroondo kambani iri kugadzirwa kubva midhudhudhu wokutanga, tricycles uye mhando shoma motokari.

mushure chimurenga

Pashure pokuchinja uye hondo yakaparadzwa nyika yaida senga. Somugumisiro, mashoko bhasikoro - tizadzise muzvinhu zvose. By pakutanga World Vokutanga kuRussia, paiva maviri makuru bhasikoro mugadziri - Moscow fekitari "nashe", panguva yehondo redeveloped kubereka ndege, uye fekitari Leitner, nokungwara akatizira Kharkov. In pre-echimurenga nguva zvakanga wakabudiswa anenge 25,000 bikes gore Russia.

Muna 1923 Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari, zvino munhu ainzi Leitner, tanetseka chaizvo, akasunungura chete zviuru zvishomanana motokari pagore. Vakuru veguta vakasarudza optimize kugadzirwa kugona kuronga bhasikoro State Plant ainzi pashure GI Petrovsky. Sezvo chikamu mazuvaano okuwana zvokukura simba zvaitambidzwa chirimwa itsva, iyo vakakwira bazi kuchiteshi. Vose nzvimbo rinofukidza zvinopfuura 3 hectares.

Pakazosvika mavambo kudzorerwa chirimwa rehurumende rakanga vashandi vanenge 50 ruzivo, aiva nepfuma ruzivo. inokosha maumbirwo vadzidzisi yakaumbwa navo, vanatenzi uye varayiridzi vakanga kudzidzisa beginners kushanda iri midziyo asiri mureza-mwero. Muna 1924 iri Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari apedza kugadzirwa vanopfuura zviuru 1 mabhasikoro gore.

Increase mukurima prices

Kune shoko - "Kunokosha ndiyo amai kuvamba," izvo anowana nokusimbisa zvachose muupenyu chaihwo. Munyika yakaparadzwa nyika vasina nenhumbi kuti mabhasikoro nyaya, asi pane miti yakawanda pamwe hazvina kutorwa nehama dzazvo zvinhu. By nyore kufungisisa uye adaptations tenzi chirimwa akatanga kushandisa Chirungu pane mapuranga Cossack nenhongonya, vakaisa murwi pamusoro munharaunda imwe yakavakidzana chirimwa sezvo World War First.

Pakazosvika 1926, kutenga dzimwe akagadzirwa zvinoriumba zvakatangwa. From England pauri simbi musono sepombi, bhasikoro ngetani, mabhandi marimu chando, makemikari uye zvokushandisa. Part of zvaida zvinhu yabva Germany.

A uwandu mukuru wegiredhi zvinhu uye kugadzirwa zvinogara zvakakwana kubvumirwa kusunungura yokutanga yebasa bhasikoro wayo kugadzira, ainzi "Ukraine". Kusvikira muna 1927 ari Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari pamusoro yekare midziyo rakapa anenge 12 zviuru mabhasikoro muenzaniso uyu.

kubvisa

Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari akanga pasi mazuvaano muna 1929, izvo zvakaita kuti tikwanise mukudzidzire kugadzirwa akavandudzika mienzaniso uye kuwedzera wegore goho kuti apedza zvigadzirwa. Kusvikira 1941, kambani yakabereka vanenge mamiriyoni 1 bikes. Kubva ruvengo chirimwa kudzidzinga akatizira Bukhara, apo kwevhiki dzinoverengeka rakadzorerwa kugadzirwa inaye, pfungwa goho kuti kumberi.

With okuchinja kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu panguva mberi zvakava pachena kuti bhasikoro Kharkov chirimwa adzorerwa kuna Ukraine. In kuwa 1944 vatanga muitiro kuzodzosera kubvisa, kare mangwanani gore rakatevera, kambani apiwa chigaro kugadzirwa michina kuti zvinangwa zvechiuto. Muna June 1945, chirimwa akatanga kudhindwa zvavo zvigadzirwa - bikes.

kupora

makore post-hondo vakauya kambani nokukurumidza kukura. Products of Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari yaiva kwokudiwa yose USSR. Muna 1948 mutsetse wakaradzikwa kuti kugadzirwa vakadzi uye vana yokutevedzera. On mimwe itsva vashandi vose magadzirirwo Bureau of chirimwa: matarenda mainjiniya uye wevanamakanika. Maererano urongwa, muti kusvikira pakuguma nguva vaifanira kubereka 350,000 inokwana zviyero pagore.

Kambani akakura, zvitoro zvitsva akazviratidza, vakawedzera tsvimbo. On kukura kugadzirwa muna 1948 kambani yave dzinounzwa rubles mamiriyoni matatu. Part mari iyi kutungamirirwa kuvaka dzimba vashandi. The kambani unoshanda majana matatu. Muna 1949 mumwe muenzaniso yakazokudziridzwa mitambo bhasikoro B-31 panguva iyoyo kumhanya, vakabva upgraded kuti aimhanya maviri.

Mabhasikoro Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari muna 1950, iye akatora chikamu makwikwi dzakawanda, kwete kubvuma hwokugadzira uye unhu zvechadenga dzimwe analogues. Muna 1948 vakatanga kuwedzera kugadzirwa nzvimbo uye vavakezve kambani. Raiva kugadzirwa pamusoro-zano anodiwa midziyo 10.340 dzakabatana.

Zvakawanda ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna munzanga bhora. Pamwe pakuwedzera fekitari nzvimbo yokuvaka dzimba, magariro zvivako - canteens, kutandara nzvimbo, mumaraibhurari, zvikwata zvevana vakatanga kushanda okugadzira zvinhu uye mitambo makirabhu.

Simuka kugadzirisa

Pakati pezana remakore manonwe kuti chirimwa unobereka zvakawanda zvigadzirwa, kusanganisira mitambo, vana, kufamba, nezvimwe yokutevedzera. Vose goho yakasvika 800 zviuru bikes pagore. HVZ ndiye chete kushandiswa boka munyika apo nyaya yakarwiwa legkodorozhnyh uye mitambo mabhasikoro soro mukirasi uye unhu.

Muna 1979, panguva Olympic Games muMoscow, panguva Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari isu noushamwari rakasiyana muenzaniso kwemakore iwayo mutambo bikes - "Moscow-80" uye NW "huru Champion". mitambo bhasikoro furemu wakaumbwa kabhoni nokusanzwira une itsva kugadzira mhinduro. Sezvineiwo, mienzaniso havana kugadzirira zvakakwana yeOlympic, uye chirongwa haina dzakabudirira.

Muna 1983, ungano mutsara Kharkiv Motovelo akaenda 23-millionth motokari. Kutanga nineties munyaya zvose okuwana aita kuti zororo-up of mamiriro ezveupfumi uye kuderera goho. akanga yekudyidzana HVZ dzemari vasanyanya. Muna 1991, CHPTF kambani "UCI" kwava chikuru mukutsirani of Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari.

Kubvira muna 2001, kurimwa vanokwanisa akavaka, rakatsaurirwa dzinza bhasikoro yokutevedzera. Part of kugadzirwa anogadzirwa pasi "Mvura" vanozivikanwa. Nhasi, boka zvinowanisa munyengeri network muUkraine muRussia.

zvinogadzirwa

Mabhasikoro HVZ (Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari) vakanakidzwa mukurumbira zvikuru yose Soviet Union. Zhinji mhando vava kunozivikanwa, raizivikanwa unhu uye zvakanaka kugadziriswa. Boys munyika vanodzidza kuchovha uye kugona ouinjiniya unyanzvi nemabhasikoro "Ukraine".

The inonyanya kufarirwa womuenzaniso HVZ:

• "Ukraine". Chinonyanya rakakura bhasikoro muchiso, akagashira vazhinji okunatsiridza. Classic mimwe Zvaiitirwa mukono nehadzi musimboti, uye zvakafanana zvakanaka akaenda Asphalt uye tsvina migwagwa. Model "Ukraine LUX» hwakasiyana dzekare pamberi marimu ose aruminiyamu chiwanikwa. Comfort rinopa tsvimbo refu kufamba, pechingoro gungano uye mberi akaputsa. The muenzaniso rinobudiswa pamwe kwakajairika Kapuranga uye kutura, zviri inopiwa ne yakafarikana mukwende mupanda ichibhabhamisa unoratidzwa uye footrest.
• "Tourist". Uyewo kunozivikanwa muenzaniso bhasikoro. From "Ukraine" yakasiyana rekrisoriti uremu, yakamanikana matai uye mana selectable aimhanya. Hand ikaputsanya inokosha configuration ane shure uye mberi actuators. Mazuva mukuru-nokukurumidza mienzaniso furemu yakagadzirwa simbi kuvakwa - welded. Spare Parts bhasikoro kugadzirwa ne Ventura. mutengo wayo pasi, uye rakavimbika kwazvo vazhinji rinozivikanwa womuenzaniso.
• "Tourist Start-huru" - rakagadzirirwa nyanzvi, asi zviri nyore kudzidza uye amateurs. A chepfungwa muenzaniso yaiva duku kurema pamatanda chakagadzirwa Stainless simbi, chete makirogiramu 2,2. The bhasikoro rakanga vakapakata rachulis maviri necheseri vhiri, uye shanu nechemberi. Nyaradzo uye kuchengeteka akapa Caliper akamedura, pepuranga chigaro uye Akazadzisa chitiviri.
• "Sport". Bicycling akasiyana zvachose guru 14,5 makirogiramu, imwe simbi pamberi forogo hurongwa transmissions sere uye kwokunze vhiri. Muenzaniso rakanyorwa mumakore 70 uye akanga akakurumbira kwazvo mudzidzi vatambi.
• "Record" - Track womuenzaniso, rairema 8.5 makirogiramu kuti racers ounyanzvi.
• "Sputnik" - muenzaniso bhasikoro, vanoshingaira vashanyi kufarira. Zvarakanyorerwa refu cu muguta, uye iri tsvina migwagwa. Dzinoratidzwa wakawedzera nyaradzo nezvainoita nemishonga.

Anenge makore 130 kusimukira ari Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari. Company rinochengeta zvavakanga vachida kuita nhasi anogona chete kuwanikwa mamwe maguta Ukraine. Mari nokuti Ukrainian vanoshandisa inotanga kubva 2400 Hryvnia.

Raizivikanwa kunaka zvigadzirwa Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari. Mitengo nokuti Russia panguva ino Danho vari inoumbwa private Vatengesi. Vanogona kutenga bhasikoro nomutengo 10 zviuru 45 zviuru rubles. The kambani anopfuurira kutsvaka mikana akudziridze pomumbure uye hwomukova vakapiswa zvimwe zvatakaviga Russia.

State yedambudziko iri chirimwa

Mugore foreseeable nhoroondo HVZ akapisa kaviri - muna 2009 uye 2017. Muna March 2009, mumwe moto achivharwa 150 akaenzana mamita. metres zveburiro nzvimbo, akapisa zvachose mumwe muzvitoro. A moto kwakaitika masikati, haana kukanganiswa. The chinokonzera yechinyakare zvemagetsi wiring wakanzi inenjodzi. In mamiriro ichi dzenjodzi kutambura paintshop Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari. Moto kudzima basa Ushumiri Emergency Zvinozivikanwa rweUkraine.

Chechipiri moto chiitiko chakaitika March 30, 2017. Panguva chirimwa kupiswa pasi-nhurikidzwa nhatu Yemagungano. Unyanzvi, uyo akauya ariswededze, akapiwa yechipiri moto ngozi pamwero. Kubva carbon monoxide chepfu akatambura mumwe vagari Kharkiv.

adhiresi

The kambani iri makuru pa - Diesel Street, Kuvaka 3/5.

Plant muna Kharkov iri Moskovsky Tariro marongerwo 118.

The Enterprise, kuwedzera kune huru zvigadzirwa yakabereka hombe zvakawanda nevatengi nhumbi - handcarts, sledges, handingadariki pagondobwe nemabhasikoro.

At nzvimbo unogona kutenga bikes Kharkov bhasikoro fekitari: muchitoro kambani iri pedyo nemigwagwa zvekufamba.