"Kuna Gungwa": detembo kuongorora. Pushkin detembo "To Gungwa"

By panzira yegungwa, vadetembi vakawanda vakatendeuka mabasa ake. Takaimba kuti nguva yokutanga vanyori vakawanda vekare. Saka, anobva yekare Greece enhetembo divi hexameter chokuita nemafungu sei ruzha tikaisa. Sea mufananidzo munhetembo yachinja pamusoro nguva uye kukura mabhuku. Chinonyanya kukosha iye kuridza Romantic vadetembi. Sea ivo waimirira kudanana yakanaka rusununguko. basa Pushkin ndiyo zvakare kwete pasina kushandisa mufananidzo uyu.

Nhetembo "To Gungwa" mudetembi akanyora muna 1824, panguva inokosha woga. Panguva iyi, nhetembo vaArekizanda ndavhiyiwa kuchinja uye kuchinja kubva romanticism kusvikira realism. Tinogona kutaura kuti basa iri chete apedza kudanana nguva iri nyanduri.

Genre chavanopinda

Asati kuita kuti Kuongorora nhetembo ose Pushkin, "Kuna Gungwa" anofanira kunzwisiswa sezvo kwazvinoita chero Genre. Zvisikwa izvi vaumbe zvakanakisisa enhetembo mukwende Alexander uye unyanzvi phonetic, uye vakazadzwa kugutsikana, uye lyrical mwoyo, uye kupinda, uye yakakwirira manzwiro. Nhetembo "To Gungwa" pakurigadzira chinhu lyrical kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura - muverengi sokunge kuteerera kurukurirano yacho munyori chete gungwa. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti kuburikidza pakunamata chigadzirwa yakadaro muchimiro Pushkin mubasa rake, vakaungana kazhinji. saizvozvi akamupa mukana kuvhura yakawanda sezvingabvira uye kuti vazivise vanowana pfungwa dzavo dzose uye pfungwa. Kana mabhuku Genre uko muridzi chigadzirwa "To Gungwa", detembo nokuda mabhuku kuongorora kwakakonzera kuti mhedziso kuti ichi elegy kwouzivi nekuti kunobva dzavo zvakaitika nyanduri.

gutsikana

Pushkin detembo "To Gungwa" chinotanga lyrical rokuonekana ne "ndima vakasununguka", nei ane chinosuruvarisa kunzwa. In chikamu chigadzirwa rokutanga chinokurira kongiri oupenyu, pachake chinoumba. Ipapo muverengi anovhura mafungiro nemunyori. Nokuti iye, gungwa - ndizvo zvakafanana nyika mweya womunhu, nei anoyevedza. Water chaikosha whimsical uye capricious, wakafanana gusts wemunhu nezvimwewo, sezvo pachivande zvido zvake. Gungwa kunogona kuva norugare, akanyarara, kana, nekusiyana, anotyisa kuti anopikira rufu kuvanhu. Asi sezvinoita vanhu vanogona kufa, Nokupa nesimba zvechivhurumukira kwehasha uye kupenga chido.

Kwete chete nenyika mweya womunhu, asi chaizvo kutapwa kwakaitwa muchimiro "vakasununguka ndima" Pushkin. "Kuna Gungwa" - detembo, iyo inoreva unpredictability mvura chinhu: nayo nemaune kutamba nevanhu uye kunogona kuunza zvose mufaro uye zvisingatarisirwi rufu. Pamwe nezvimwewo mumakungwa ari munyori rinofananidza uye rudo - kunzwa subjugates chero chido uye nezviito, izvo panguva iyoyo inogona asungwe kwomunhu kuda uye kuva rudzi "kwavanhu mweya."

Panguva iyoyo, siyana mabhuku Vatsoropodzi kuongorora basa "To Gungwa". Detembo kuongorora kuitwa navo, vane vaverengi ari Pushkin kukanganisa pamusoro girama mitemo. Chokwadi ndechokuti kana mudetembi anotendeukira gungwa, anoshandisa mashoko munhurume, "Iwe uri kumirira iwe unonzi ...". Nepo chero wechikoro anoziva kuti shoko "gungwa" - mumwe pazita neuter.

Napoleon uye Byron

Next nenhoroondo urongwa anotaurira pfungwa dzake Pushkin. "Kuna Gungwa" (nhetembo), mberi yemunyori ndangariro Napoleon - munhu akanyanyisa mugumo, uyo akasangana rufu rwake pamusoro St. Helena, pedyo negungwa. The chigadzirwa floats nezvimwe kudanana gamba - mudetembi Byron. Vaviri zvifananidzo izvi - Napoleon uye Byron - Pushkin anosunga pamwe kwete chete kudaro. Chirungu naJehovha zvakanyorwa nezvoUmambo akakurumbira French wechuru, aifarira kwazvo unhu hwake.

Budiriro uye hunhu basa "To Gungwa"

detembo kuongorora kunogona kurondwa kudzokera kwaari chinangwa kusuruvara. Agozviratidza chaipo pakutanga nyaya, kana lyrical gamba akasuruvara panguva vobva gungwa, ipapo inopfuura nomunyika ndangariro rufu nemunyori Napoleon uye Byron afa uye anoenda asiri oga, urongwa vnesyuzhetny kwouzivi: "The zvichaitirwa vanhu kwose kwose kwakafanana: apo zvakanaka, pane kare murindi chokwadi il, il anodzvinyirira. " A maitiro chinhu ndechokuti Pushkin muchivadzvinyirira anoenzanisa kuti kunzwisisa. In kunzwisisa nyanduri wacho budiriro, izvo nechisimba kuramba munhu rusununguko uye kupindira mune zvakasikwa upenyu hwake, ndiko "mudzvinyiriri." The juxtaposition zvakasikwa uye nyika budiriro iri nguva dzose kuonekwa nemabasa Pushkin (rangarira Onegin uye Tatiana, mutana wechigypsy uye Aleko). In chete nhetembo, dzinongoitika vavariro haisi kuratidzirwa kuoneke, anongova fembera, rinogona kutsiva muchivadzvinyirira uye dzidzo.

Rinoguma zhizneutverzhdayusche chigadzirwa. Munyori, vachiti bhayibhayi kugungwa, anovimbisa tichifunga mufananidzo "ndima vakasununguka" uye kurarama yakanaka dzinongoitika, munhu wechisikigo.

"Kuna Gungwa" - detembo kuongorora. unyanzvi rinoreva

Pushkin muzvinhu zvaakasika anoshandisa siyana achishandisa kutaura. epithet ichi ( "vanozvikudza runako," "renje Nyararai", "nzira hanya") uye madimikira ( "Ini akasungwa muna"), uye mibvunzo isina mhinduro ( "Chii urombo?") Panewo chinhu anaphora kuenzanisa, inversions, shanduro dzokududzira, kurapwa, nokuda izvo zvinoita sokuti kukurukurirana kwomwoyo wose munyori chete gungwa. In mabasa nyanduri plesieroorde kuti Slavonicisms ( "Breg", "inzwi", "varedzi") uye akati mukuru-mhanya ( "akanaka", "Ishe", "korona", "anodzvinyirira").

phonetic mamiriro

Hapana mubvunzo kuti Alexander Pushkin - inyanzvi belles-lettres. Kubva akarongwa nhetembo "To Gungwa" pamberi pedu pakutanga haina anoratidzwa chete, apo "zvitema chinozunguzirwa" uye "vanozvikudza runako" zvinhu gungwa, asi zvinoita sokuti chokwadi anogona kunzwa masaisai. Izvi zvinoitwa nevamwe mubatanidzwa ruzha "E" - "bleschesh", "Sara mushe", "E" - "vakanzwa", "ruzha", "H" - "H". Uyewo, kuwadzana gungwa ruzha zvinoumbwa nemashoko alternation kuti muridzo "hove dzakawanda" uye chinokosha "p". Izvi matauriro anzwike kunogona kurondwa yose yose nhetembo.

In mhedziso

Basa "To Gungwa" rinozivisa Pushkin somunhu muimbi rusununguko. elegy ichi chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda uye ichiita mabasa akawanda, unoratidza kuti chido Nyanduri pachena peculiarities munguva yayo. In nhetembo iyi, Alexander anoti akaonekana navo kuti kudanana yakanaka. Nokuti iye, zvose kuti - zuro. Mushure elegy "To Gungwa" iri Pushkin muupenyu akapinda chitsva chenguva.