Kuruboshwe ventricle mwoyo: mamiriro, basa, zvokurwara

vanhu uye yakakwirira mhuka, mwoyo ine makamuri mana: maviri atria maviri ventricles. Saizvozvowo, nokurongwa ventricles uyewo atria akakamurwa kurudyi nekuruboshwe.

Kuruboshwe ventricle ndiko kutanga systemic riparadzirwe.

anatomi

Post akasiya ventricle uye rworuboshwe atrium nomukombiyuta kuruboshwe atrioventricular richizarurwa kubva ventricle kurudyi ventriculus kwakavanzika zvachose voga interventricular septum. Kubva ichi mukamuri mwoyo kunosiya yeropa, ropa kuti kunowedzerwa pamwe okisijeni kuburikidza arteries madiki inowira zvomukati.

Zvinoita kuruboshwe ventricle kufanana inverted cône, uye chete makamera zvose zvinobatanidzwa paumbwe mwoyo chakaderedzwa mutengo. Nokuda guru pane zvakarurama ventricle, kukura, zvinofungidzirwa kuti mwoyo kuruboshwe, asi chaizvoizvo chiri anenge pakati pechipfuva.

rworuboshwe ventricular rusvingo vane gumi kusvika gumi millimeters paukobvu, inova nguva dzakawanda kupfuura zvakafanana zviratidzi zvakarurama ventricle. Izvi imhaka zvikuru dzakabudirira myocardium kurutivi rworuboshwe nokuda dzakanga mitoro. Kureva kuti, wakakwidzwa bhuku basa rinoitwa, pakukora mwoyo rusvingo. Kuruboshwe ventricle achisunda ropa, pokuita systemic riparadzirwe, apo kodzero ventricle kunopa ropa vhoriyamu kwenguva diki denderedzwa. Ndokusaka, pasi zvakajairika ezvinhu, yokupedzisira ari havaratidzi yakatanga, uye Ukobvu iri harina kudzika.

Atrioventricular shoko (mugomba) kurutivi rworuboshwe rakavharwa mitral vharafu, raiumbwa posterior uye Anterior mapepa. The mberi iri pedyo iri interventricular septum, uye shure - kunze kwayo.

Kubva mapapiro riwedzere Chord - mudzira tambo vanobatisisa nebhanhire kune papillary netsandanyama. Kuburikidza tsandanyama idzi Valve uye anoita mabasa ayo, kuti, panguva systole, hapana kudzoka ropa kunyika atrium.

Papillary tsandanyama vari vasiyana maduramazwi myocardial dzakawanda (dzine trabecula) izvo akaronga pamusoro mukati ventricular mhango. trabeculae vakadaro kunyanya yakatanga zvakanaka munzvimbo yacho interventricular septum uye chakaderedzwa mutengo mwoyo, asi kuwanda kwavo ventricle kuruboshwe idukusa kurudyi.

Kureba uye uwandu chords or the of rworuboshwe ventricle munhu. With zera, kureba ravo zvishoma nezvishoma kunowedzera, achikudzwa inversely chokuita urefu papillary tsandanyama. Kakawanda kwete Chord unofambidzana kubva tsandanyama wanamatira rimwe shizha. Uyewo, dzakaonekwa chords or the kuti kubatanidza papillary tsandanyama kusvika trabeculae.

Panzvimbo imwe napanobudiwa napo yeropa iri iyo semilunar vharuvhu, kubudikidza neropa haridzoki kubva yeropa mumwoyo.

Tsinga zvairatidza kuruboshwe ventricular myocardium anopinda kuburikidza danda muridzo (rwake rworuboshwe gumbo). Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chete kuruboshwe ventricle kupomba chinotungamirwa kuburikidza pamatavi maviri - a mberi uye shure.

Zvikurukuru ventricle kuruboshwe uye ayo mabasa

Hama kune dzimwe mwoyo, kuruboshwe ventricle riri pasi, shure uye kuruboshwe. Chokunze kumucheto kwayo woita uye inonzi pulmonary penyika. Mumakore upenyu Vhoriyamu kamuri inowedzera kubva 5,5 masendimita ³ (nokuti vacheche) kusvika 210 masendimita ³ (gumi kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu).

In tichienzanisa kurudyi, kuruboshwe ventricle ane zvakawanda raidudzwa denderedzwa uye oblong chimiro, zvikuru tsandanyama uye zvishoma yakareba kupfuura.

The akasiya ventricular mamiriro akataura anoverengeka madhipatimendi:

• Front (infundibulum) anokurukura yeropa kubudikidza arterial yokutanga.
• Rear (chaizvoizvo ventricular mhango) kuti anokurukura kurudyi auricle.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, nokuda zvikuru akakurukura myocardium pamusoro rworuboshwe ventricular rusvingo ukobvu iri gumi kusvika gumi millimeters.

Left ventricular basa iri kusunungurwa oxygenated ropa mukati yeropa (kana ari systemic riparadzirwe) uye zvadaro kuburikidza richikurukura arteries diki uye capillaries kunoitika chikafu nhengo uye nyama yose muviri.

physiology

Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, kuruboshwe uye zvakarurama ventricles vakavhura synchronously. basa ravo kunoitika maitikiro zviviri: systole uye diastole (azvaitwa, kuti marwadzo uye kutandara). Systole, akavapindurawo, iri huviri yenguva:

1. Voltage: zvinosanganisira asynchronous uye Isometric marwadzo;
2. Kudzingwa: Includes kutsanya uye anononoka kudzingwa.

Asynchronous voltage inozivikanwa gogonera marwadzo ose tsandanyama fibers ari myocardium, somugumisiro gogonera kugovera excitation. Atrioventricular vharuvhu akavharwa panguva ino. Mushure excitation rinofukidza zvose myocardial fibers, uye kumanikidza iri ventricles kunowedzera, vharuvhu anovhara, uye mhango yapera.

Pashure kuita pamusoro ventricular Madziro BP inowedzera kuti makumi masere mm HG. v., uye musiyano pamwe nevamwe yeropa iri 2 mm HG. Art., Semilunar vharafu anovhura, ropa runoyerera kupinda yeropa. Kana ane Ivan Kuchin pari kubva kutsemuka ichibhabhamisa ropa semilunar mavharuvhu slam.

Zvadaro vari ventricular myocardium relaxes uye kuburikidza mitral vharuvhu kubva atrial ropa anopinda ventricle. Muitiro ipapo rinodzokorora.

Kusiyiwa ventricular dysfunction

Kusiyanisa systolic uye diastolic dysfunction mwoyo makamuri.

Kana systolic ventricular dysfunction, akaderedza kugona kusunda ropa kubva mhango kupinda yeropa, inova chikonzero rakajairika mwoyo kukundikana.

dysfunction kwakadaro kazhinji kunoitika nokuda marwadzo ose kuitika, chinoguma vasanyanye nesitiroko vhoriyamu.

Kusiyiwa ventricular diastolic dysfunction - vasanyanye kugona yayo kuti kuzadza neropa rimwe mhango (kureva kuona diastolic zvekupfakira). Ichi kunogona kuita kuti yechipiri neBP (zvose venous uye arterial), izvo achiperekedzwa dyspnoea, chikosoro uye paroxysmal kuzvirotera dyspnea.

mwoyo kuremara

Kune vachiberekwa uye vawana. Ekupedzisira ndiwo mugumisiro kuvhiringidzika embryonic period. Muchikwata zvaisanganisira vachiberekwa malformed mavharuvhu, imwe iri ventricle kuruboshwe pamwe kana isingashandi nevaya urefu mumukaha septum pakati ventricles, transposition (zvemamiriro nzvimbo) rwengarava zvikuru.

Kana paine mwana kuremara atrial kana ventricular masvingo, venous uye arterial ropa yakavhenganiswa. Vana vakaremara vakadaro tichibatanidza navo transposition midziyo vane ganda rinokwanisa kucheneruka, izvo pakutanga ndiyo chete chiratidzo.

Kana transposition aripo ane kuremara yoga, kuti hypoxia kunotungamirira pakarepo rufu kurwiswa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko (kana anoona urema asati aberekwa) zvinokwanisika kuitisa oparesheni.

Kuitisa kuvhiya kurapwa zvakakodzera uye zvimwe rworuboshwe ventricular kuremara (semuenzaniso, kuremara ari kutsemuka vharuvhu kana mitral vharuvhu).

Kusiyiwa ventricular hypertrophy

Ichazivikanwa chisimbiso ventricular rusvingo.

The zvinokonzera ichi kunogona:

• Persistent nokudzidziswa-yakareba (mitambo nyanzvi).
• Nokusarovedza muviri.
• Fodya.
• Chidhakwa.
• Väriä chirwere.
• Chinonzi dystrophy.
• Stress.
• Peripheral vascular zvokurwara.
• Kufutisa.
• Atherosclerosis.
• Diabetes mellitus.
• Ischemia.
• BP.

Pakutanga, chirwere chacho asymptomatic, uye kuchiita kwacho ichibudira wenhema angina, kufenda, dzungu, kurukutika. Zvadaro anobatana mwoyo nokukundikana hwokuratidza dyspnea (kusanganisira vaya vari zororo).

kuruboshwe ventricular kukundikana

Kazhinji zvinoitika necheseri;

• Kutsemuka kuremara.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• BP.
• Myocardial infarction.
• Syphilitic aortitis.
• Atherosclerotic cardio.

zvokurwara ichi kunoratidzwa mberi cyanosis, kupfupika mweya, simba, kurwadziwa mumwoyo, zvaipesana dzimwe miviri uye zvichingodaro.

Chirwere kubva kuruboshwe ventricular abnormalities

• Ultrassom (Kutsunga vachiberekwa malformations);
• ECG;
• MRI;
• CT;
• bhokisi X-ray;
• PCG;
• echocardiography.

How kurapa kuruboshwe ventricle mwoyo

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mwoyo zvikanganiso kazhinji zvinoda kuvhiya kurapwa.

Hypertrophy of rworuboshwe ventricle mwoyo unogona kubatwa mubatanidzwa Beta blockers uye "Verapamil". nzira iyi akazoita zvekuchipatara kuratidzwa chirwere. Uyewo zvinodhaka vanorumbidzwa kudya zvinenge zvataurwa uye kuramba tsika dzakaipa, uremu rutapudzo uye rutapudzo yomunyu yaunodya.

Zvokudya zvinofanira yemwoyo muto mukaka nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka, michero, hove uye miriwo. Uyezve, kuti kunyorerana ndiko yokuderedza uwandu kwemafuta, zvihwitsi uye starchy zvokudya. It ndakarumbidzwa muviri zvine mwero.

Kunze kuchinja kurapwa uye kuvhiya kurapwa parinoshandiswa, zvainanga kubvisa mugove hypertrophied myocardium. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvokurwara ichi achikura mukati makore mashomanana.

Kana totaura akasiya ventricular kukundikana, muchiitiko ichi, shandisa chaiwo "mwoyo" zvinodhaka "Korglikon", "corazole", "Strofantin", "camphor", "Kordiamin", uyewo okisijeni inhalation uye mubhedha zororo.