Kushandiswa lasers

Shoko "Laser" zvakasimba saka yakasimbiswa muupenyu hwedu, kuti zvimwe mano aya anoziva akura ose ugere panyika. Kushandiswa lasers wava netsika uye akapotsa zuva nezuva. Rinoshandiswa dzakawanda dzine vanhu.

US yefizikisi anoshandira murabhoritari anozivikanwa kwavari. Lorenz kwokuti vakakwanisa bereka ari kumboitika pakukura danda. The Laser simba raiva 500 watts or uye 1,85 trillionov Mega joules pamusoro UV mwaranzi. Yakaitwa danda rine kukura 2 mm mu dhayamita, asi simba rake riri kupfuura icho zvinowanikwa simba pakuzadza mano muUnited States, kushanda panguva iyoyo. Laser tembiricha iri madhigirii mamiriyoni 100, uye ari kupfuura muzinda huru kunobva simba - zuva.

Chii chinonzi Laser? Izvi kunowanika remagetsi mwaranzi, izvo kunobva dzinovhurika akabuda mamorekuru uye maatomu. Chinosanganisira dzinooneka, michini uye ultraviolet neeSultan, dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira chaizvo nemwaranzi nhungamiro, ndiro dzayo akasiyana kugona.

Shandisa zvakasiyana siyana lasers. Rinoshandiswa munzvimbo yebasa evanhu akadai mushonga, zvipenyu, uto indasitiri, nzvimbo uye kutaura, mashoko kuchengetwa, kuyera yepasi pose marefu, fungidziro terevhizheni, mukuru ano, uye zvakawanda. Masayendisiti nhasi vane nemhaka Laser monochromatic chiedza chero wavelength. Izvi zvinogona kuva chinoramba achine chakarondedzera ane nhete kana ultrashort kufamba kweropa.

Dzinozivikanwa marudzi lasers:

- Gas;

- chikukutu;

- mvura.

The rakatumbuka kupomba muoti unoshanda nesadhio Laser, asi ari gaseous huru nokushanda fuma Chokwadi, gasi. maatomu Its zvinoberekwa yemagetsi buditsa kufamba kweropa.

Kune semiconductor lasers, izvo chichiitwa namano. The nemwaranzi simba riri kubatwa nenzira magetsi. Kunewo gasi-vakagwinya lasers. Vane simba kwazvo, vane zita hwaro, dzinoratidzwa chichiitika. Pfungwa dzavo nokushanda anobva kutonhora kunoita supersonic gasi Rwako.

Dzinozivikanwa mhando lasers vari rakakamurwa marudzi vanoverengeka zvichienderana zvinhu avanoshandira pairi: dhayi, gasi, simbi nemhute kana zvakasimba-mamiriro.

Original nyanzvi ano vakashandisa Laser uye vawane zvinoshamisa zvabuda. Vakatsunga chaiyo daro paNyika Satellite - the Moon, uye raishandiswa zvakashinga kuedza ichi, mumwe Ruby Laser uye pakona reflectors. masayendisiti kushandisa kwawakananga Laser teresikopu akatuma pachiso. Pakazosvika nguva yakawandisa munzira kuenda kumwedzi uye musana, daro chaiwo akanga akatsunga.

Mukurapa, kushandiswa lasers ndiko kusimba rwakafara. Avo rubatsiro kudzokera vanhu vararame hupenyu huzere. Muenzaniso zvingava akavhiyiwa ichiitwa pamusoro the retina apo panzvimbo scalpel, vanachiremba kushandisa zvose zvakafanana Laser. Uyewo, remagetsi nemwaranzi panobva inoshandiswa kurapa zvakakomba pfupa kukuvara, uyewo pakuvhiya kana zvinotarisirwa remubatanidzwa zvakabvaruka tsandanyama tishu.

Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu vane Laser tweezers vane mikana itsva tsvakurudzo mapuroteni. Zvinowanzoshandiswa Laser magnetisation uye kutonhora kana mamorekuru zvakakodzera kushandisa ultralow tembiricha. Zvinonzi anozivikanwa kushandisa lasers mu Fusion, pamusoro kurapwa, kupisa kurapwa uye koukukutu nesimbi, uye, mukuwedzera, iri kugadzirwa kwezvombo ano. Somuenzaniso, muna 2009, American kambani Northrop Grumman akagadza hwakasimba-mamiriro emagetsi Laser, ane simba akanga 100 KW. Development akaitirwa kurwisa mhepo uye pasi huru panguva nyika paaizvidzivirira.