Kuti Russia anotengesa kumwe kunze mbishi zvinhu?

Nengaidzo vachibhadhara chero nyika iri zvakanaka uye akaipa, uye iyi chiratidzo chacho ndozvavava kutenga kuyanzva zvakananga. Kana pamberi kutengeswa pachiyero ndinoiitawo mari, ipapo zvose chinoenda kukuru, uye kana kunaka, ipapo kutenga nedoro uye nokunyanyisa kunwa vemamwe mari. Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko kunogona kuva nenzira mbiri, kana kuderedza zvokunze zvokuvakisa, kana kuti kuwedzera rokutengesa pachavo zvinhu zvavo kunze. Russia anoedza kuvandudza ayo nepakati jira, asi mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu pari kungatadzisa kukura ichi kuitika, uye tinofanira kuita zvisarudzo zvinokosha kuti mamiriro ose kunze kwenyika. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi nguva dzose zvakaipa, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko kunyange akanaka kwazvo, nokuti zvinoita kuti vakawanda zvoupfumi. Saka chii Russia zvino otengesa kumwe?

mamiriro

Russia anotengesa kumwe zvigadzirwa mune zvakawanda, asi vasiri chinokosha zvinhu zvaiva 2015, chete kota zvachose kunze kwenyika vari ukoshi mazwi.

Panzvimbo kukosha ndechokuti simbi, zvichiteverwa makemikari uye zvokudya Mazinga. Nhamba mupiro vamwe sectors zvinowanzoitwa mari "vemamwe Exchange zvakaoma zvinogona anosiyana kubva pamwedzi pamwedzi, asi zvino vava zvikamu zviduku, uye saka nemikana chikuru kukura. The vaizotibata kupfuura vari zvemagetsi bhizimisi uye pakuzadzisa nokure-software kukura.

Mahydrocarbon

Hapana chinoshamisa pakuti yacho kubvira kutengeswa mafuta uye gasi mumakore achangodarika vapiswa, ndohwevakadai vatorwa kutengeserana chakakuita abuda pakanyorwa yose dambudziko.

Mitengo kuwira kwenguva refu, zvino mamuka kuti $ 40 mudende, asi pasinei ichi, zvakafanira kungwarira uye kuti asaita shapkozakidatelskih moods. Chekutanga, zvinhu zvinogona kuchinja zvakaipisisa, uye chechipiri rwiyo "tsono" vagara dambudziko kuti anofanira kugadziriswa. Ane vakawanda kuwedzera ekisipoti yeHydrocarbon kunze kwenyika, nefuma vakauya chetatu zvishoma pane muzvirevo nguva, chete $ 343 billion. Dollars. Inenge chete mamiriro ezvinhu uye kupatsanurwa zvigadzirwa, kureva peturu, Diesel, etc. Foreign chinjanai zvakaoma kubva vavo vakawiswa 42%, zvinosvika mu Mhedziso nemashoko, $ 67,4 bhiriyoni. Pana mana muzana kuwedzera chaiko kusunungurwa. Somugumisiro, nhamba mbishi ekisipoti mari kwakadonha kuti 46% mune zvinonyatsorehwa marongerwo.

Ferrous uye non-ferrous simbi

Non-chinokosha kunze kwenyika uyewo vakawira, uye zvinokosha kuti mabhiriyoni 96 kusvika $ 187 billion. It unotora mari pakutengeserana pakati maindasitiri akasiyana, uye mumwe inokosha iri kuonekwa simbi. Iye muna 2015 vakagamuchira inopfuura $ 24 bhiriyoni. Dollars kubva kune dzimwe bhizimisi kuti zvinhu zvayo, izvo, chokwadi, zvakaipa, asi kupfuura kare munguva. mitengo World akadonha pasi nickel uye simbi, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvinopfuura 30%, asi kurasikirwa kubva ichi aigona nekure kuwedzera Mavhoriyamu mumuviri kuti 5,34 Mill. M. nickel iri kutengeswa kunze 5% shoma. kudiwa Strong anopfuurira kushandisa zvemagetsi mhangura mukuru kuchena, ayo Implementation aigona kuwedzera 17% zvichienzaniswa mugore ra2014 uye kuwana $ 3.1 billion. zveminda (kukwira 60%). Aluminum zvakare pfungwa yakanaka, rokutengesa waro uchibata mabhiriyoni 3.1. M (pamwe 22%). Chiwedzere makwikwi pakati mitengo zvinobatsira kuderedza.

Gold uye mupfudze

ndiye yeyero simbi zvino anotenga zvakawanda Russian pane kutengesa, zvikuru kuti mutengo nokuti ikozvino ipfupi, zvisinei, uye kunze kwenyika yaiitwawo, akasanganiswa hafu bhiriyoni emadhora. Mutengi mu kwema izvi Switzerland Vatsigiri kazhinji, asi mabhanga zvino akaderedza Vhoriyamu kugadzirwa vara. Asi vachifadzwa Vanoburitsa chicherwa fetiraiza, ari kudiwa inova kugadzikana kunoshamisa. Nokuti pagadzirwe makemikari indasitiri, zvakakodzera varimi munyika yose, vakakwanisa kuwana mabhiriyoni 8.9. Dollars

zvirimwa

Kunenge munzvimbo iyi Russia achatora aitungamirira nzvimbo kokutanga muupenyu kupfuura remakore, uye kunyange kubata United States, uye izvi pasinei nokuti vamwe zviito hurumende haina kubatsira kubudirira ichi, asi pachinzvimbo kudziviswa. The Sumo muna February egore rapera, ekisipoti mabasa kunyange kubvumidzwa kushandisa zvinokonzerwa achideredza pamusoro Ruble, uye zvose imwe mari varimi vakaenda mari. Kana donhwe rokutengesa 27% mune zvokutengeserana neIjipiti, Turkey, Iran, Azerbaijan uye South Africa uye vakawanda kuderera turnover muna 2015, muna 2016 ichi, tinofanira kutarisira chinokosha kukura (The Wall Street Journal uye US Department of Agriculture).

Computer zvinoriumba uye zvirongwa

Anopfuura mabhiriyoni 1,1 emadhora vemamwe Exchange zvakaoma akagamuchira muna 2015 vagadziri mutauro wokuRussia chips processors. Zvinoita sokuti chisingatarisirwi chaizvo nhau, anenge kutekenyedzwa, Kuramba zvachose zvavakatemwa pfungwa pamusoro munyika muzvigadzirwa backwardness. Chimwe dzinonakidza ndechokuti huru vatengi kwakawanwa Germany, umo akatora 98% yayo firimu, asiwo vawana Malaysia, India uye China, kureva nyika pachayo anonzi vaitungamirira Vagadziri zvemagetsi zvinoriumba. Vachitova processors kupedzerwa Algeria. Izvi "zvikamu makombiyuta" yakaratidza kuwedzera 70%, zvikurukuru mu Germany, vakatengesa for $ mamiriyoni 469. More kupfuura 2014. Vazvo dzinoitwa ne "T-Platforms", iro pachiitiko ichi kunyange akagura zvirango nyora (January 2014) Maererano vaongorori, Hurumende haafaniri kuvhiringidza nekukura indasitiri, asi zvakadaro hauna kubva panzvimbo uye achakutsigira makambani ari pamusoro ndezvipi sokuronga nzvimbo inokosha hwenyika mune dzimwe nyika. Software Developers ndakawana muna 2015 manomwe bhiriyoni.

zvombo

Russia akava chivimbo nzvimbo yechipiri munyika aina kudzivirira zvigadzirwa. Huru ishamwari muna 2015 vaiva India uye Ijipiti, uye kukurumidza kuwedzera hurukuro kuna Vietnam, Iraq uye Peru uyo yakatengwa warships (kusanganisira Ngarava dzepasi pemvura), radar dzemapurisa, mhepo kudzivirira hurongwa, ndege uye helicopters. zvigadzirwa zvose izvi vanoonekwa ne mukuru akawedzera kukosha uye pave anodiwa kuvariritira uye replenishment kuti consumables zvigadzirwa uyewo kudzidzisa yevashandi, izvo chinoita purofiti uye dzimwe chinjanai zvakaoma. Zvinyorwa kuna Algeria yakawedzera $ 2 billion, Vietnam -. To $ 1,7 billion, Bangladesh -. To $ mamiriyoni 866, Kuwait -. To $ 406 miriyoni .. (ninefold!) Zvinoda kurohwa nehana uye zvokufambisa helicopters, kurwiswa ndege, chombo hurongwa, vakawanda chitundumuseremusere launchers uye mhepo kudzivirira, uyewo mamwe Russian muchiuto michina ano. Kunyanya kukurumidza kuva uto pamwe India mune iyi zvibvumirano hakugumiri pakutengeswa uye co-kugadzirwa kukurira mimwe mienzaniso.

Automotive indasitiri

Official nhamba zvokungoti zvimubve yakanyorwa kuderera mune kunze kwenyika kuti mutakurwi kumotokari muna 2015 kusvika 25%. The chikuru imupota pamusoro Vaz zvino vaiona Kazakhstan. The musika Ukrainian iri kushanda kuvharwa zvikonzero zviviri, kusanganisira nokuiswa zvirango uye zvikuru pasi solvency mukirasi pakati (ayo papi uye "vakanciq") munyika ino. Uyezve, motokari kubva Togliatti wana prc they (7%), Turkey (3%), Germany (4%) uye Belarus (20%). On the okutengesa kuderera uchiumba kuderedza ari Tenge, asi pane zvakavanzika uye kupinzwa, izvo kufungawo dzakaoma chaizvo. Apo 40-protsentrnom okutengesa vanowira Kazakhstan, vagari vakawanda vomunyika iyi kutenga motokari muRussia, uye kwakadonhera dzavo. Kazhinji, ari "AvtoVAZ" yaitengeswa Kishi muna 2015 motokari pa 58% shoma pane muna 2014. Zvisinei, marori "Ural" azadzika pamusika uyu, kunyange 15% yakawedzera yaipedzerwa 2.3 zviuru. Pieces.