Kuvaka Rostov NPP. The tsaona panguva Rostov NPP

Start of Rostov simba renyukireya chirimwa uchava wokutanga mushure paChernobyl njodzi. Makore ose aya, simba renyukireya achipfuura dzakaoma. Mhanya pakutanga chinogumbura rokutanga simba chirimwa rakanga kurongwa mumatsutso 2000. Musi uyu zvaziviswa somugumisiro pakuongorora NPP chirongwa neShumiro Natural Resources uye Ecology of Russian Federation.

Kudiwa renyukireya simba zvinomera

Rostov Nuclear Power Plant - chikamu interconnection of North Caucasus nharaunda. It anopa magetsi kuti vanotongwa 11 Russia, pamusoro munharaunda iyo vanhu mamiriyoni 17.7. Ongororo dzakawanda yakarongwa nemasangano uye hurumende masangano, zvakaratidza kuti kuvaka Rostov NPP kunobatsira zvose mune zvoupfumi uye zvinoshingaira.

Ukoshi indasitiri kunowedzera achiwa kubva negasi kugadzirwa, izvo kwese kuti nechepakati uye kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu. Universal chokuvaka Rostov NPP chivako inopa mumwe yoga akazvimirira simba chinogumbura pokugara umo akatasva yenyukireya reactor VVER-1000.

simba mudziyo

Mumwe simba nechigumbuso unotora ari reactor (B-320) uye turbine. Heating svikiro rakakamurwa nematunhu maviri:

• Radioactive. Chinosanganisira chaiko reactor chinoumba pombi, achiparadzira, chiutsi emagetsi, pressurizer.
• Non-radioactive. Rinosanganisira kugadzwa turbine, mvura yaunodya, chiutsi emagetsi uye chikamu zvakafanira unobatanidza pombi.

Mafuta mudura renyukireya reactor core. Rine 163 gungano kuti pave nekupisa. Inside nerimwe piritsi chimiro anoiswa muna U-235 (zvishoma zvakapfumisa uranium exchange oxide). It anofukidza mumuhara rakanamwa liners dzakagadzirwa zirconium chiwanikwa. In wokutanga coolant redunhu anoshanda mhinduro kubva boric acid. Its hwaro - zvikuru kucheneswa nemvura, pressurized pa 16 MPa.

Neutrons mvura inoshandiswa Kupisa kuchinjirwa uye anonoke muitiro, zvinoita kuwana kutsvakwa tembiricha coefficient ane reactor kwenyukireya ne chiratidzo "-". Iye kunotsanangurwa kutsiga VVER-1000 uye kukwanisa kwayo car-mutemo.

Uye chii yemapurisa?

Muruwa Rostov NPP mamiriro zvemaumbirwo akanga akadzidza ari 12-kiromita udzamu. Vanozivikanwa huru akaturikidzana vaviri crystalline uye emadhaka. Wokutanga ine mabwe nezera mukuru kupfuura yeCambrian, pamwe nechekuita mukugarisana dzakasiyana tectonic idzodzo uye emunharaunda maburi. Wechipiri mhando aumbwa Paleozoic Mesozoic uye Cenozoic.

Hwaro zvose chinhu yenyukireya simba chirimwa inopfuura nomunyika loam uye jecha, uye inobva Maikop That. MUNDA simba renyukireya chirimwa ndohwaJehovha integer chikwata kuti crystalline nechimwe. Zvidzidzo Recent ndikazvisimbisa kuti marongerwo haaratidzi tectonic basa makore mamiriyoni 300 pamusoro.

Yaunganidzwa zvizivikanwe nemichina acoustic nzvimbo Profile anoenderana subhorizontal sedimentary matombo. Zvino goko nyika panzvimbo ino zvinofamba ari kumhanya of 0 ... 4.5 mm pagore. Research kuwanda zvimwe zvinhu zviri pasi uye mudenga asina kuzivikanwa tectonic zvikanganiso.

seismicity

Kudzidza nokukurumidza uye kure nzvimbo huru tectonic zviitiko vakasikwa zvinodiwa kuti kugadzira hwaro kwenyika. simba rake riri 5 pfungwa uye periodicity - kamwe mumakore 500. Nemirau zvizivikanwe nemichina zvivako kuti huripo dzinoita kubvumira nzvimbo kubatanidza nzvimbo pokudengenyeka pezvemakuriro 6, izvo kuitika kamwe muna 5 uye 10 zviuru. Years.

Zvichienderana nemashoko vakawana pamasikiro nevanopinda seismostability 1 pfungwa yakakwirira. Masvomhu basa mapepa zvaigadzirwa pachishandiswa kufadza nokudengenyeka kusimba 7 points.

hydrogeological ezvinhu

Ubanguranyika kwaratidza kuti kuvapo panyika 2 aquifers. Pedyo pamusoro rukoko mvura raishandiswa munharaunda yose. Researches ndikazvisimbisa kudzika pasi panguva yokuvaka 0,2-18 m. Water ongororo yakaratidza mukuru wavo dzinoparadza kubatsira kongiri uye simbi.

The aquifer chechipiri riri mukati miganhu ine chinhu ramangwana pane kudzika 6.8 kusvika 39 mamita pashure richizadza. Tsimlyanskii Dam pasi unhu zvinooneka achinja zvakaipisisa: wakawedzera chicherwa kugutsikana uye inorwara sulphate. Pedyo chinhu pasi kuvakwa haisi pachivande uye pamusoro manyuko emvura, izvo pane fenzi nerubatsiro chavagari yokunwa. Hapana reserves, uye mukana ndisa kwakadaro.

chengetedzo

Rostov NPP kuchengeteka kunosimbiswa nemashoko kwegadziriro yakasiyana zvipingamupinyi kuti zvinobvira kupararira radioactive zvigadzirwa. Dziviriro Zano:

• Fuel mamiriro. Its zvikukutu nechitarisiko uye imwe marongerwo haabvumiri pakupararira ngozi zvigadzirwa.
• Rakanamwa mumidziyo yose zirconium, umo uranium exchange iri tableted.
• Rakanamwa Zvikwepa rusvingo redunhu rokutanga pamwe yakagadzirirwa aqueous mhinduro, uye nezvimwewo.
• Accident localization hurongwa randinogara rwokudzivirira containment uye sprinkler gadziriro. The chipingamupinyi kunosanganisira simba akaitwa pamwe chisimbiso pakashama nokuda kwemutemo vanhu, mitoro uye nezvimwewo.

All kuti interacts pamwe radioactive zvinhu, riri mukati containment. Rakagadzirirwa uye akavaka kufungisisa kuti kukurira-siyana Kufurirwa nevamwe: a 7-pfungwa kunonyanyisa kugadzira kwenyika, dutu, dutu, urove mhepo nemafungu.

Radiation kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza riri akapawo yoga mapaipi mugadziriro, mvura kutonhora, etc .. Recycling emura uye chikukutu tsvina incineration rinoitwa pachiteshi. Ndakapedza mafuta wakachengetwa chaiyo madziva kwenhambo gore matatu uye zvifambiswe chaihwo mumidziyo njanji.

Number vezvikwata

Rostov NPP simba riri pakutsvaga kuwanda chokupika munhu simba dzakabatana. Rokutanga uye rechipiri vavo kubereka magetsi 1 BSN. Zvakaratidza kuti pari renyukireya simba rokuva ndiyo 2 BSN. Muna 2001 uye 2010. kushanda rokutanga uye rechipiri chairema Rostov simba renyukireya chirimwa vakanga hwakatangwa.

Tanga 3 of Rostov NPP kwakaitika November 2014, uye usanganidzo yaro vabatane simba hurongwa kwakaitika December. Kukwanisa Its richaperera kuCrimea, iri kusangana kushaya magetsi.

Muna February-March, chikwata nhamba 3 of Rostov NPP akamira kuti dzakarongwa chokudzivirira yokuzvigadzirisa. Vakanga vari dhipatimendi pamwe turbines uye reactor, uyewo zvose zvitoro. mabasa awa - inodiwa Danho rekugadzirira yemapurisa kuti chirwere panguva zvizere chinzvimbo.

Basa iri pakuvaka chikwata yechina Rostov simba renyukireya chirimwa yaitwa chipatapata. Pari unoda kwazvo 50%. Power chikwata № 4 Rostov NPP ari aronga kutanga muna 2017

The tsaona panguva Rostov NPP

August 6, 2014 paivakwa basa 3rd simba chairema Rostov NPP aiva inoshamisa chiitiko: kuwa turbine kubva tiguu yacho Crane chacho.

It anoisa basa kuziva zvinokonzera nyaya uye kuwana avo basa. Kuongororwa kwakaitwa turbine chikwata yaratidza kuti haina zvaparadzwa. The Chiitiko haana kukanganisa nguva ichaitika kupera.

Mangwanani 11.04.2014 kugara mumisha uye maguta kumaodzanyemba mumaruwa pakati Rostov nharaunda noruzivo zvinovhiringidza mune magetsi wedzerai. Matambudziko vakanzwa vanhu of North Caucasus nharaunda. Chiedza akanga aenda mudzimba vanhu vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni 2.

Gare gare yakashuma zvikonzero chiitiko. On rwezasi mutsetse basa rakanga raitwa. Panguva imwe nguva kushandisa michina rezvebonde iri akochonorwa kubva pakutanga uye wechipiri inoperera simba renyukireya. In pfupi simba nguva dzakamhan'arwa pamusoro kupembedza hutachiwana mitsetse.

The Chiitiko haana kukanganisa nechekumashure nemwaranzi nzvimbo (mari zvose vari kuipa range), hapana chikonzero chokunetseka vemo.