Legless dzvinyu. Types legless madzvinyu

Nyika zvakasikwa zvakadaro yakaisvonaka, achiziva zvaizoita sokuti, akawandisa marudzi, mhuri, makirasi mhuka, tumbuyu, hove, nezvinokambaira, neshiri, uye pavakaona kusiyana kunoshamisa, vaizova tichiri vasingatongosviki kudzidza zvose pamusoro pavo. Kudzidza woga, vanhu vanorasikirwa chimiro zvinhu zvitsva, kudzidza zvimwe - anorasikirwa kuva isashanda isingawanzowanikwi vamiririri.

The siyana nezvinokambaira nguva dzose achidzedzereka mugari. Number madzvinyu panyika, maererano masayendisiti kukasapfuura 4000 anozivikanwa zvikuru kana zvishoma uye aidzidza marudzi. Izvi, 3500 - ichi ndicho chinokosha uye kwakapararira boka, zvinosanganisira 300 genera uye mhuri zvikuru 20.

Saka, legless negoroodyo - izvi zvinoshamisa vamiririri chokuita zvinokambaira mhuri, inonzi scaly.

mamiriro

In madzvinyu kwakadai hapana mumakomba, kukonzera kunzwa. Kostnoobrazovannye ndiro raiva pasi ganda pamusoro scaly, zvikuru pfava uye havaratidzi yakatanga. Chokwadika kwete zvose. Maziso Mobile chaizvo, maziso pachavo vari vashoma. The shaya vari nokuramba wakaomerera panzira zvakabatana. Doug rwepanyama nharaunda kwete.

Mararamiro

The chikuru vakatozodzokera ariko muupenyu kwavari ndiko jecha ivhu. Pano pasi pasi negoroodyo achitsvaka zvokudya yokumbozorora kuburikidza tunnels muvhu, rudzi. On panyika, havana kushanda regai kusiya, vachisarudza havo "rima" uye musha wakanaka.

Kurarama ezvinhu kwokupararira ivhu nemiriwo, havaiti achitambura nokushayiwa zvokudya. Kuva mukati pasi kana akavanda pasi mabwe, ivo vanokurumidza sei sangano kuitika panyika. Uye nemhaka anokurumidza kumashoko kubata aida "kwemasikati" hakusi kuoma.

The chikafu legless dzvinyu

"Legless munhu" vari nezvikara. Kudya kwavo akapfuma zvakasiyana zvipembenene mazana, earthworms, madandaude uye invertebrates dzimwe dzakabatana.

zvizvarwa

Legless dzvinyu rimwe ovoviviparity kuunza 4 vechiduku vana vayo. Kugona kutakura vana kunobva kwavari 2.5 - 3 years, pazera zvizere pabonde chemwoyo.

Shanduka uye chaivo kwemashoko muchimiro

The pamusoro dzvinyu inowanikwa India dzakawanda mhando yekare, akava Indiana Tikiguaniya Estes. zera rake panguva vasabatwa makore anoda kusvika mamiriyoni 220. Vanotsvakurudza vakagumisa kuti dzasara dzvinyu rinogona kunzi kuti nguva 3-4 ari akazotevera mhando. A nzvimbo kokutanga vakawana yakafanana mhando, runoonekwa kare kwebhokisi, vakaumba dzinongoitika remubatanidzwa mushakabvu ivhu akaturikidzana.

Legless dzvinyu dzinouya phylogeny akasawanikwa. Munhoroondo kukura chaizorarama vanhu chete guru.

Types legless madzvinyu

Dzvinyu, uyewo nyoka, ndezvaJehovha inozivikanwa yesayenzi zvemhuka kirasi - "zvinokambaira". Zvisinei, akazivisa zvokunze akafanana haatauri nezveanomiririrwa zvepanyama. Chokutanga nenyoka zvose, vanowanzotevedzera kukwanisa kubudisa chepfu. In dzvinyu, kazhinji hazvisi, kunze zvisingawanzoitiki mhando vamiririri makuru. Hunoshamisa kusiyana nezvinokambaira zvinokonzera dambudziko nesayenzi. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, nyanzvi dzichiri kurarama navo.

Mumwe aripo genus zvinosanganisira mhando huru mbiri:
1. California legless dzvinyu.
2. Dzheronimskaya legless dzvinyu.

Nokuda dzimwe nguva indistinguishable kufanana ne nenyoka ngozi, madzvinyu mashoko mhando vanotambura. Vanhu havanzwisisi hunhu zvinokambaira, uvauraye pasina zvikuru tsitsi.

California dzvinyu ane muviri kureba vanenge 20-25 cm. Mutumbi kazhinji zvishoma shava ruvara kana greenish smoky tint. Seri uye pamativi vane rima rakamanikana mitsetse.

Mudondo bhanhire European mapazi ari Russian Federation, kusanganisira hunhu kuCaucasus, kazhinji kuwana legless nedzvinyu veretinitsa (copperhead). Kumaodzanyemba kwenyika kuparadzira legless nedzvinyu girazi-nedzvinyu (Grouse). Ari pamusoro maviri zvinokambaira zvisipo maoko nemakumbo. Kufamba panyika imhaka muviri anogona crimping. Mutumbi uye musoro chokuita zvakasimba, kuti kuvhura pamutsipa chose vasipo.

Legless dzvinyu anguis anodya zvipembenene mazana, makonye, uye molluscs diki. Nokuda unopinza mazino uye shaya vanachandagwinyira chimiro, zviri yakavimbika anobata uye anobata nezvavakatapa, anoridya apo zvishoma nezvishoma. Chero mollusc anguis nguva dzose kukwanisa kubuda yokuvanda, pasinei kure anogona vakavanda. Dzvinyu nokungwarira anotanga kuva goko, zvishoma nezvishoma muchidya ribve mukati, kubva pakutanga kusvikira pakupedzisira.

Glass-dzvinyu ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha vamiririri legless.

Chimwe dzvinyu kuti haana makumbo, anoreva genus inonzi "sepsofis". Miti iyi yakawanikwa 70-ies remakore rechi19 mune rimwe States of India.

How kusiyanisa nyoka nedhambakura?

madzvinyu dzenyika dziri kunyimwa tsoka dzavo, kukonzera vanhu vakawanda chokwadi, izvo kazhinji zvichishandurwa nepasipo. Munhoroondo nyaya mavambo ezvitendero anoti kamwe vose nenyoka akanga nemakumbo, asi nokuda zviito zvavo paNyika, vakanga vakatongerwa kuraswa kusingaperi, kuti vaitwe kukambaira uye grovel. Maererano ngano iyi, ndipo nyoka vakarasikirwa makumbo avo nokusingaperi. Most dzinonakidza ndechokuti masayendisiti akawanda shanduka zvipenyu kusvika pamwero tinobvumirana pfungwa kuti makumbo goroondo nyoka vaitova. pano chete kurasikirwa maoko nemakumbo, avo maonero - ndiko, kupfuura zvose, chokwadi anokonzerwa shanduka kufamba muitiro rwokuzvarwa vakasarudzwa. Somugumisiro, vasina makumbo aiva nani zvikuru pakubatsira kuti abudirire kurarama mukati hunhu kwenguva yakareba. Somuenzaniso, zviri bwechiva Chokwadi kwete zvachose, asi kubva zvavo mhando nenyoka pelvic nzvimbo zvinogona kuonekwa zvinoshandiswa diki navaduku nenzara, akafanana makumbo underdeveloped.

Kuwedzera pamusoro apa taizoda kutsanangura nzira dzekuziva nawo kusiyanisa negoroodyo, usina tsoka, nyoka zvichava nyore:

1. mufambo remakore. Ita nyoka nokusingaperi uye vari kunofambira mberi, ivo guru mune madzvinyu.
2. Neck bhandi. In madzvinyu ari constriction kwakaoma zvisingaiti kuona nyoka sezvo inogona kuonekwa chinoabatsira.

Tapota cherechedza kuti, pasinei kudekara Pakusarudza mhando, achiri kunhonga risingazivikanwi goroondo marudzi haufaniri kuva. Own kuchengeteka uye kunyanya kungwarira kazhinji rinokuponesa kuenda kuchipatara.