Maguta akarasika nyika: mifananidzo

Kurasika guta nguva dzose dzinoitirwa pfungwa kwete chete vachivhimei Antiquities, asi inongoti adventurers. Vamwe izvi zvinhu zviri nemazana emakore yakavanzwa musango, uye ivo pazvakawanikwa netsaona, vakazorora pasi pasi strata uye akawanikwa panguva matongo Zvakafukunurwa kana panzvimbo yokuvakira, uye pane avo ayo anotaurwa magwaro ekare, asi ivo vachiri havana kuwana .

Zviuru zvevanhu gore negore vanoshanyira chakavanzika nzvimbo, apo kamwe akararama wekare nebudiriro, sezvo chakavanzika guta akarasika - munhu kunobatsira vashanyire chigadzirwa iro nyore mukakachurwa kukwira adventurers.

Bhabhironi

Bhabhironi - guta ane kuvapo zvazikamwa nevanochera matongo, kwete chete nokuti Bhaibheri, asi kubva zvinyorwa zvekare wenhoroondo wechiGiriki Herodotus, ane basa "History" yasvika mazuva edu. The yekare yakarasika maguta nokukura akadai Bhabhironi kana Troy, haana kupa zororo kuna vaongorori. Chikonzero chikuru - chido kuratidza kuti imwe chinhu haisi nemanyepo Nyanduri kana yeBhaibheri "ngano", asi aivapo chaizvoizvo kugarwa, akanga noupenyu kwayo uye rufu.

Kana ukatora sezvikonzero nyaya yeBhaibheri, kuti Bhabhironi rakavakwa wedzinza Ham, mwanakomana waNoa, Nimrodhi. Kutaura zvazviri, hazvina kuzivikanwa kuti yechipiri yezana 3rd chemakore BC. e. pamahombekombe Yufratesi paiva yokugara, kwapera kuva guta guru munyika, sezvakaita vaBhabhironi pachavo.

Nokuda kwayo zvinobetsera nzvimbo iri Bhabhironi zvemakore yakava guta guru Mesopotamia, izvo vanhu kunokwezva kubva munyika yose. It ndakavhiringidza yakawanda tsika, mitauro uye zvitendero, asi kunyanya vatongi mwari Marduk akanga samwarikadzi - Ishtar. Gate Ishtar - panguva kupikidura kwakaitika kubvira 1899 kusvika 1917, zvimedu mumwe 8 masuwo eguta dzakanga vakawana.

Chimiro yakaisvonaka, akafukidza zvitema glazed usina kukonekita, unogona kuonekwa ari Pergamon Museum muBerlin.

Inca guta

Inca vanhu kamwe kugarwa nharaunda kunyika anozivikanwa nhasi sezvo kuPeru, Ecuador, Bolivia uye Chile, akava chakavanzika kuna masayendisiti. Izvi Budiriro muduku, nhoroondo unotanga 1200 chete BC. e., yakaparadzwa nokuda vokuSpain. Zvizvarwa kamwe kwazvo vanhu nhasi vanogara muAndes.

Chirahwe kuti simbi akarasika pamaguta vaInca, vakanga anongoti "zvakavanzika" kubva musango nemaziso evanhu. Nzvimbo idzi dzakanga zvakanaka vakapakata, vane mamiriro yakajeka uye guta rose kukurukurirana, asi zvisinei vagari mamwe chikonzero, vakavasiya.

The dzakakurumbira - aimbova akarasika - Machu Picchu nhasi akashanyira 2,500 vashanyi daily. Akamuwana ari mumasango muna 1911, American matongo Bingham wanikidza zvakanaka zvichengeteke mapiramidhi. UNESCO Organisation akazivisa Machu Picchu Inca nhaka nhaka netsika, mvumo vanokwira vashomanana vashanyi - hapana vanhu vanopfuura 800 pazuva, uye vanoda kuderedza nhamba kuti kuitira kuti achengetedze mapiramidhi.

Vachishandisa guta

Maya budiriro vakanga vasiri mupfungwa, sezvo vakawanda munharaunda sayenzi. Vakavaka misha, chimwe nechimwe chiri yoga mamiriro. Zvichida anozivikanwa zvikuru maguta yakarasika munyika ndezvaMwari nayo Maya.

Inozivikanwa uye kakawanda ashanyirwa vashanyi vanobva pasi pose zvinonamatwa akadai Chichen Itza, Uxmal uye coba muna vokuYucatán Peninsula.

Chichen Itza, nokuti asingazivikanwi zvikonzero, yakasiyiwa muna 1194. Vanochera matongo asina kukwanisa kufunga sei, pashure pemakore 400 pashure kuvambwa kugarwa yakanga dongo. Izvi zvinopfuura wokumwe, nekuti pakati pamaguta Maya muna vokuYucatán vaiva migwagwa, vane hurongwa hwakajeka, zvikuru yakatanga yokukurukura nguva uye raibudirira tsika. Asi muzana remakore rechi13 rose maIndia vakasiya vokuYucatán, saka kuti vokuSpain uyo yacho ipapo muzana remakore rechi16, akawana chete matongo.

Yakanga chete pashure emakore maguta akarasika ichi chakavanzika vanhu, uyo akapa karenda nyika, nezvenyeredzi, tichiverenga maitiro uye pfungwa zero, vakanga kuzodzosera akasvinudzwa nokuda yakabudirira nyika, uye kunyange akauya pasi kudzivirira UNESCO, sangano uye guta Chichen Itza anonzi rechi8 nechishamiso wenyika.

Troy

Yakakurumbira "akazaruka mumwe" ndiro guta akarasika Troy. Vashoma vaidavira kuti waivapo zvachose. Iye aionekwa Homer nzvimbo vemungano apo kunozivikanwa yekare mudetembi wechiGiriki uye storyteller vakaisa magamba Epic nhetembo "The rinonzi Iliad."

Wokutanga kutenda uye akasarudza kuwana guta kunozivikanwa aiva mudzidzi akiyorojisiti uye pfuma muvhimi Genrih Shliman. Kuva mupfumi, aigona aite Zvakafukunurwa, apo zvaaida, uye saka aishanda muKrete, uye pachikomo Hissarlik.

Panguva kupikidura wavo yakawanda zvinoratidza dzawanikwa, asi rinonyatsooneka kuwanikwa Chokwadi, ari Troy, vakachera muna 1870.

Nhasi, hapana chokwadi kuti guta rino zvechokwadi, uye zvinhu zvakadaro akarondedzera mune zvaakanyora Homer, aigona here nzvimbo munhau. Zvakakwana kuenda Turkey kuti ritsigire kuvapo kunozivikanwa Ilion nameso.

Angkor

Kurasika guta riri musango - ichi pamwe ndiyo nzvimbo tsvene rikwezve kuti vanoda wezvakavanzika, pfuma uye ushingi.

Muenzaniso mukuru ndiro guta Angkor muCambodia, rakanga kumutsidzirwa muzana remakore rechi19 kubudikidza French vematongo.

Kwemazana 6 emakore guta raiva pakati Khmer mamiriro, pashure chaainge akabatwa Thai mauto uye akasiyiwa kuti veko. Ichi isingawanzowanikwi nyaya apo nomusango zvichengeteke anenge sanganisika zhinji netemberi dzechiBuddha, misha uye vakawanda sezvivako.

Kurasika mumasango mufambi kubva France Henri Muo netsaona vakagumburwa pamusoro kupfuura chechi munyika - Angkor Wat.

Zvino 22 January, 1861. Nokukurumidza, nyika yose vakadzidza pamusoro kuwanikwa mumasango. Nhasi, Angkor - guta temberi kungova vokuCambodia nhaka uye pasi UNESCO kudzivirira.

Skara Brae

Kurasika Maguta Europe hakusi mukurumbira sezvo Thebes uye Memphis muIjipiti uye Angkor muCambodia, asi hapana zvishoma zvinonakidza uye anorayiridza panyaya nhoroondo netsika dzavanhu vaigara pavo.

City Skara Brae muScotland rakaonekwa muna 1850 nemhaka dutu, pashure chikamu nyika wakagezeswa mugungwa, kuchiratidza nokururamisira zvakanaka akachengetedzwa musha kamwe chinhu chacho. Vanochera matongo vakatsunga kuti vagari akasiya muna 3100 BC. e., anofungidzirwa nokuda chimbichimbi kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze.

A muduku musha kuverengwa muzvivako 8 chete, asi vakanga unhu abudise, sezvinoratidzwa anowanikwa mudzimba zvimbuzi uye zvimbudzi. Sezvineiwo, hapana ruzivo pamusoro mupenyu mudzimba idzi, raiva imwe mhando, kwete hurongwa chete, asiwo midziyo.

Atlantis

guta akarasika Atlantis fadza pfungwa Zvizvarwa vaitsvaka pfuma uye zvinhu zvaishandiswa. Kubva zvinyorwa kuti taura mubudiriro ino, chete anofuridzira tariro kuti ariko, mabasa Plato. Kunyange zvazvo vasina chokwadi hakusi nechokwadi ...

Zviuru yokufungidzira uye gakava pamusoro nzvimbo asinganzwisisiki yakabudirira vaiva panguva muzivi akati, asi uchapupu kuti Atlantis aivapo zvachose, uye haana kuwanikwa.

Enyanzvi ano kuwedzera kukurumbira anopiwa pfungwa (zviya, inonzi kwakaitika archeological zvakabudiswa) kuti Atlantis - ane chitsuwa Santorini, nechepakati chikamu iyo akaenda pasi mumvura panguva Geological dambudziko. Saka kana chokwadi - vachiri kuongorora.

We chete kuziva chimwe chinhu: Pose Atlantis pfuma vakarasika guta dambiro pfuma vavhimi. Kusvikira zvino, iyi kuronga mitambo yomumvura kusvika pasi Atlantic iri tariro nokuvhura chitsuwa inoshamisa. Well, ngationei tariro kuti kana tikasadaro, ipapo dzinenge zvizvarwa zvedu achakwanisa kukanganisika chakavanzika ichi ekare ...