Manor of Altufevo: sei kusvika

Munharaunda yeEurope yeRussia kune zvikawanda zvishoma zvakasvika nzvimbo. Mumwe wavo ndiAltufievo. Iwe unogona kuwana mufananidzo wezvinongedzo zvakachengetedzwa zvakakwana munyaya yedu. Tinokurudzira kuti uende usina kumbofamba nenzira dzeimba.

Varidzi venyika ndivo chiitiko cheRussia

Kufarira kwevatorwa vokune dzimwe nyika kuRussia kunoshamisa zvikuru. Asi chii chavazovaratidza pakutanga? Ndeipi iyo nyaya, pane kushamisika? Varidzi venyika vanofanira kuva chinhu chinogadziriswa purogiramu yakadaro yekufamba. Mushure mezvose, ichi ndicho chinonyanya kukosha, icho chingava chakanaka kumiririra nyika mumusika wekutengesera wepasi rose.

Munharaunda yeEurope yeRussia, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzenyika, dzakanyorwa nemazana akasiyana-siyana, dzakachengetedzwa. Asi vose zvavo, pasina mubvunzo, vanokosha zvikuru. Panguva imwecheteyo, manori ekare haasi kungofara chete kunonakidza uye nzvimbo dzevashanyi. Izvo zvinokosha zvekudzidza zvataimboita.

Iro shoko rokuti "dzimba" rinobva pashoko rokuti "simiti" kana "muti".

Muchikamu chino tichakurukura chimwe chezvinhu zvakadaro. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yeAltufevo, iyo nzvimbo inenge isingave dambudziko kune vagari veRussia capital.

Kubva kwezita reimba

Zita iri kana chinhu ichocho, nzvimbo yacho inokosha chete sezita romunhu wacho. Iyo inozivikanwa kuti yeAltufievo yeimba yaimboti Oltufievo. Kuenderera mberi kubva pane izvi, mhedzisiro yeimba yacho inogona kuyananiswa nemhuri yakanaka Oltufiev, uyo aimbogara kuMoscow. Zvisinei, hapana hunosimbiswa zvakanyorwa zveizvi.

Nokufamba kwenguva, zita remurume rakashandurwa zvishoma. Kunyanya, tsamba yekutanga yekududzirwa yakashandurwa kuva tsamba "A", iyo yaive yakajairika yekutaura kweMoscow.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo mumwe munhu anogonawo kuwana zita rokuti Alsufievo. Asi iyo yakabva kune asingazivikanwi. Zvinokwanisika kuti iyi inonyanya kukonzerwa nebhaalist clerical misprint, yakaitwa chisina kunyatsoshanda mubati.

Manor muAltufevo (Moscow): imba yakavakwa

Izvo zvakaoma zvezvivako zvemunharaunda iyi zvinopararira pane imwe nzvimbo mahekita gumi. Inosanganisira zvivako uye zvivako zvinotevera:

• Imba yaIshe (1760).
• Holy Cross Temple (1763).
• Nzvimbo yakagadzirwa nemurume (pakati pezana remakore reXIX).
• Bhabheri (kuguma kwezana remakore XVIII).
• Zvakavakwa nevhareji.
• Dziva rekuvaka.

Manor of Altufevo: sei kuenda ikoko?

Iyo nzvimbo iri kumusoro kwekumusoro kweguta guru, pedyo neMoscow Ring Road. Imwe nyanzvi yekare yezana remakore rechi18 yakachengetedzwa zvakachengeteka kubva kumaziso evaya vanopfuura nevanodhairi vhete. Zvisinei, kuwana musha pamapu eMoscow hakusi kwakaoma. Mushure mezvose, akapa zita kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda: mugwagwa, dziva, nzvimbo yepasi uye nzvimbo yose yekugara.

Ndepi nzvimbo yeAltufevo? Nzira yekuita nayo iri nyore sei?

Imba yakavakwa iri pedyo nechepakati peMoscow Ring Road neAltufevskoe Highway, pamahombekombe ediki duku. Nheyo yepamutemo yeimba: Highway Altufevskoe, inosvika 147-149.

Nzira iri nyore yekuenda kusiteshi chemasitiriti "Altufevo", zvino famba zvishoma pedyo neAltufevskoe mugwagwa mukuru kuchamhembe.

Nhoroondo yeimba

Kutaura kwokutanga kwakanyorwa kwechinhu ichi kunotangira kusvika 1585. Zvadaro nyika dzomunharaunda dzaiva neNeupokoy Myakishev. Akanga ane ruvazhe rudanda rudanda pano, iro rakakurumidza kupisa.

Muna 1786 imba yacho yakatengwa naChristine Stepan Kurakin, uyo akatanga kuivaka. Zvinosuruvarisa, chikafu chete chinopukunyuka kubva kune zvivako zvebwe. Asi chivako chikuru chema manor, chinogona kuonekwa nhasi, chakavakwa kare nemudzidzi mutsva - Altufiev.

Pakati pezana remakore rechina reXIX, nzvimbo yacho inopfuurira kune mupi wehurumende Zherebtsov. Akavakazve imba huru yeimba yacho muCheshire Russian style. Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo yeAltufevo nayo yakawana munda wakaisvonaka une magasi. Matsigoni akacherawo matangi maviri mundima. Mumwe wavo (wepamusoro pamwe chete nezvino) wakavepo kusvikira nhasi.

Manor yaAltufevo yakachinja varidzi vayo kanopfuura kamwechete. Saka, gare gare, muridzi wacho aiva Georgiy Lianozov, uyo akatanga nharaunda yezororo pedyo. Zvinosuruvarisa, chimwe chete chedzimba dzekare dzakapukunyuka: nhasi ine dzimba V. Vasilyev Art Museum.

Mushure mekuvandudzwa kwegore ra1917, nzvimbo yeAltufevo yakava chipatara, uye kereke yeko yakavharwa. Mukutanga kwema1990, kereke yakadzorerwa, asi kuonekwa kwayo kwekutanga kwakarasika. Kunyange zvakadaro, kereke yemanheru yekusimudzirwa kweMuchinjikwa muAltufevo inoramba ichipfekedza jasi rezvombo zvemuganhu weLianozovo.

Imba yaIshe nekuvakwa kwayo

Icho chikuru uye, zvichida, chivakwa chinonakidza zvikuru munharaunda yedzimba muAltufevo ndiyo inonzi imba yaIshe. Icho chivako chinosanganisa zvinoshamisa zvese zvekare reRussia dombo uye zvigadzirwa zvemapuranga zvemapuranga.

Nhoroondo yeimba yaIshe haina kunyatsonzwisiswa. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanofunga kuti yakavakwa muna 1851 pasi pe NA Zherebtsov. Zvisinei, nheyo uye pasi pedzimba iyi zvakajeka zvine makore akawanda. Zvingangodaro, nheyo yegadziriro yakarongedzwa kumashure kwema1760.

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, imba yaIshe yakanga ichivakwa zvishoma pasi peChikoro chaUnkovskaya chikoro. Zvadaro, kumubhadharo wayo mukuru, bapiro rimwe chete rakavakwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, chivako chacho chakashongedzwa ne belvedere yakanaka (kusvikira nhasi hachina kupona).

Pedyo neimba yaIshe kune chidimbu chekare-chikuru chezvivako zvose zveimba, iyo yakasara kusvikira nhasi chaiyo isina kuchinja kukuru (yakavakirwa pakupera kwezana remakore rechi18). Pedyo neMKAD pane chimwe chivako - dare. Zvisinei, vanyori vezvakaitika kare uye vanyori venhau dzakaitika havakwanise kusimbisa nguva chaiyo.

Holy Cross Temple

Iyo yakashongedzwa chaiyo yeimba Altufievo ndiyo temberi yekusimudzirwa kweMuchinjikwa waIshe. Kumhenderekedzo yegungwa, anotarisa zvakanakisisa uye zvakajeka. Temberi yakavakwa muna 1760-1763 muBaroque style. Uye kereke yekutanga, yakamira panzvimbo ino, inozivikanwa kubva muna 1564. Ichokwadi, yakanga iri matanda.

Pakupera kwezana remakore rechigumi nechina, chechi yakavakwazve mumabwe. Denga rayo guru, pamwe nekunaka kwekunze kwakadzoka shure kwezana remakore rechi19. Maererano nemagwaro akanyorwa, chechi yakange yakanganisa zvakanyanya panguva yeHondo yePatriotic ya1812.

Mumakore ekuma1990, Cross Crossing Church muAltufevo yakanga yakavakwa zvikuru. Nyanzvi dzinonyatsoziva kuti iyi yekuvakazve yakaderedza zvakanyanya zvinyorwa zvekare uye zvigadzirwa zvechivakwa ichi.

Imba yekuvakwa kwetemberi, inowanzo, inofanirwa kune iyo inonzi chimiro cheMoscow Baroque. Chivako chimuchinjikwa mukugadzirisa uye kusarudzwa-(mamita emadziro - mamita 12). Kune chechi nhatu kereke inotarisana. Mumakore ekuma90, nzvimbo yetemberi inoda kusvika kaviri, nekuda kwekuvakwa kwechigadziro chitsva. Izvo hazvina kungovhiringidza kuonekwa kwepakutanga kwechivakwa, asi zvakare kwakavhara imba yaIshe - iyo yakagadziriswa ye manor.

Nzvimbo tsvene yeTemp Cross yakakomberedzwa (kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwegungwa) nefambo ine shongwe mbiri pamakona uye suo rakanaka rokupinda mukati.

Mukupedzisa ...

Kumusoro kuchamhembe kweMoscow, pedyo neMoscow Ring Road, iyo yakasiyana nedzimba yeAltufevo yakachengetedzwa. Kutaura kwokutanga kwedzimba kwakadzoka kusvika 1585. Nhasi nzvimbo yeAltufevo imwe yezvakakosha zvekare kare uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvakwa kweguta guru.